Homer’s The Odyssey Translated by: Robert Fagles A Reading Guide/ Unit Workbook Belongs to: In Mrs O’Mahony’s English I Honors Odyssey Log You are about to embark upon your own hero’s journey by engaging with the challenging text of Homer’s The Odyssey. This “map” is designed to aid you in your understanding and analysis of the text. **The complete log is due ______________________________. Part I: Daily Discussion Questions During/after each night’s reading devise 1 discussion question per book (chapter) and write them down on a piece of notebook paper. I will check these as homework each day. You will continuously add to this, adding pages as needed. (2pts) Part II: Reading Guide Answer the pertinent reading guide questions during each night’s reading. (3pts) Part III: Dialectical Journals Write two dialectical journals each week. (two columns): Write a quote and correctly cite. Analyze (appox. 50 words) Example: “he’d have escaped his doom, too, despite Athena’s hate, if he hadn’t flung that brazen boast, the mad blind fool” (Od. 4.563-564). Menelaus is telling Telemachus about his journey home and the king relates the story of Ajax, who had angered Poseidon through his hubris. Ajax’ arrogant pride ultimately caused his downfall. Readers know that this portrayal of hubris which angers Poseidon parallels the actions of Odysseus. Part IV: Hero’s Journey Create a chronology of the major events in the story as they relate to the Hero’s Journey proffered by Joseph Campbell A. Hero’s Journey for Odysseus B. Hero’s Journey for Telemachus You may take notes in the templates located in your study guide Describe events and number them as they occurred in the story. Also consider Odysseus and Telemachus in comparison to modern heroes (H and h) and the degree to which each are successful in fulfilling the hero’s journey. ** Guide to Part III: Dialectical Journal—use cited text details to back up your analysis. At least 100 words per entry. 1. Write a journal entry from the viewpoint of one of the following characters: Telemachus, Penelope, Eurycleia, or Antinous. Describe in detail the events that happen in the first two books of The Odyssey from this person’s perspective and limited to the events that that character would know. 2. Describe and explain in detail the influence of women, mortal and immortal, in the first five books of The Odyssey. 3. Using details from Books 3, 4, 6, 7 & 8, discuss the Greek view of hospitality. 4. When Odysseus goes to the Kingdom of the Dead in Book 11 he sees many different “shades” or spirits of the dead. Describe his meeting with two of them which seem the most interesting to you. Explain why you chose these two and what Odysseus learns from them. Give your opinion of what type of people they are and why you feel that way. Also explain for what overall “didactic” (teaching) purpose they might have been included in the book. 5. In Book 13, what do we learn about the relationship between Athena and Odysseus? What do we learn about the relationship between the gods? (Zeus/Poseidon) (Poseidon/Athena) Consider the values of deceit, retreat and compromise. 6. Describe all the reasons the suitors are deserving of punishment according to Greek culture. (Up to Book 18) How does Homer cause us to sympathize with Odysseus and have antagonism toward the suitors? 7. Develop one of your daily discussion questions or elaborate on a class discussion point using details from at least two books. 8. Write a list of Odysseus’ Rules for Survival. (You don’t have to use cited text details for this entry.) **OPTIONS: * May always: interpret & make a prediction / make a connection (to literature, life, characters, subject, history, knowledge) / interpret and ask a question / challenge the text / extend the text * Rewrite a scene as another character, citation should reflect how/why character you chose is approaching situation in a different way. Place these three sections in order in a folder. Parts I, II, & IV may be hand written, but Part III needs to be typed, double spaced, MLA style. Put your name and period on the outside of the folder. Make sure you proof your work and edit for grammar and punctuation. Rubric: Part I & II Daily Discussion & Reading Guide (24x5) 120_____ track it Part III Dialectical Journals (15x10) 150 _____ track it Part IV Chronologies (2x25) 50_____ TOTAL _________ / 320 Reading Guide Questions : Book 1: Athena Inspires the Prince 1. Book One begins with an invocation to the ___________ of poetry. 2. At this time, Odysseus is a captive of the nymph ____________. 3. Poseidon carried a grudge against Odysseus because he had blinded the Cyclops, _____________. 4. The epithet which describes Athena is ___________________. 5. After obtaining Zeus’ permission to help Odysseus, Athena suggests sending Hermes to tell the nymph to release him. Then, disguised as a warrior, she visits Odysseus’ son, ______________. 6. Athena advises Odysseus’ son to _____________ the suitors and to sail for ______________. 7. Telemachus learns that his advisor is a deity when she _____________. Book 2: Telemachus Sets Sail 1. Telemachus calls for a full ______ of the citizens to present his complaints against the suitors. 2. He is answered by ________, who says the one to blame is _________. 3. Penelope has tricked the suitors by saying she will marry when she has finished weaving a shroud for Laertes, but each night she _______________. 4. Zeus sends a sign to support Telemachus; the sign is a pair of ___________. [Note Foreshadowing] 5. Telemachus agrees that if he learns Odysseus is really dead, he will return and _____________________. Book 3: King Nestor Remembers 1. When Telemachus reaches ______________, _______________ tells him that after the victory at Troy, the Achaeans argued among themselves, some sailing for home and some staying behind. 2. Those who set sail also quarreled, and ____________ returned to Agamemnon and the others who had stayed behind. 3. When Telemachus says that his father is undoubtedly dead, Mentor/ __________, enters the conversation to suggest that Odysseus may have met a happier fate than ________, who returned to his home only to be murdered by ____________ and ______________. 4. Nestor tells the story of this murder, and he says that afterwards the murderer ruled for seven years, until he and Clytemnestra were both killed by Agamemnon’s son, ______________. 5. At the end of the ceremony, Athena leaves them, taking the form of a ___________, and all know that Telemachus is being assisted by the gods. Book 4: The King and Queen of Sparta 1. After feasting, Menelaus tells Telemachus and Nestor’s son that in spite of his wealth he has suffered much anguish. He mentions three sorrows; one cause of his sorrow is _______________. 2. The cause of the Trojan War, _____________, joins the group and all shed tears of Odysseus. 3. Later, ____________ drugs the wine with a mixture to prevent sadness, and stories are told of the cleverness and blondness of Odysseus. 4. In the morning, Menelaus tells what he knows of Odysseus: Menelaus and his men were stranded on the island ___________ until the goddess Eidothea told them what they must do to get favorable winds. 5. They had to catch and hold onto a sea-god, _____________, through he might change shapes many times, until he tells them how to win the gods’ favor. 6. They disguised themselves as ________________ and waited for the sea-god to fall asleep. 7. They learned they must return to _______________ and make a proper sacrifice to Zeus before they would be granted passage home. 8. The sea-god revealed that Odysseus was ___________________. 9. After the end of Menelaus’ story, Homer reveals that the suitors back in Ithaca, learning about Telemachus’ actions, plan to _______________. Book 5: Odysseus—Nymph and Shipwreck 1. Calypso had been instructed to release Odysseus; his journey, however, will not be easy. Before he leaves, Calypso offers to make him immortal. Why does Odysseus refuse? 2. Odysseus makes Calypso swear a solemn oath not to _____________. 3. When Poseidon, who is called the ______________, sees Odysseus nearing the shore, he causes a great wave to rise to attack him. 4. Odysseus is saved by a sea-nymph called _______________, who gives him a magic ___________, which keeps him afloat and saves him from drowning. 5. It is ______________who breaks down the waves in front of Odysseus and keeps him from being torn apart on the rocks. 6. Odysseus tosses about on the rolling waves for ___ nights and ____ days, until he reaches land where he can rest. Book 6: The Princess and the Stranger 1. Odysseus is found by _________, who has been encouraged by Athena to go to the riverside. 2. Odysseus’ first thought is that the girls are _____________. 3. Why is Nausicaa the least afraid? 4. An example of the law of hospitality is shown when Nausicaa tells Odysseus that he will not lack of __________________. 5. What makes Nausicaa decide that Odysseus is favored by the gods? 6. The Phaeacians care more for their _________ than for their ___________. 7. Nausicaa does not want to be seen walking to town with Odysseus because she fears ___________________. Book 7: Phaiacia’s Halls and Gardens 1. What was Poseidon’s gift to the Phaiacians? 2. Nausithous, Alcinous’ father, is the son of _______________. 3. Nausicaa’s mother, Alcinous’ wife, is named _________________. 4. Odysseus appeals first to _______________ and begs to be taken to his home in Ithaca. 5. Why do the Phaeacians first tip a few drops of wine into their cups and then pour this wine on the ground? 6. Odysseus tells the king and queen about his captivity on Calypso’s island, which had occurred after Zeus had struck his ship with a _____________ and all his men had drowned. 7. Odysseus tells them he had been the captive of the goddess for ______ years. 8. Poseidon has a close relationship with the people of Phaeacia. If these people help one of Poseidon’s bitterest enemies, Odysseus, what do you think will happen? Book 8: A Day for Songs and Contests 1. While ships are readied for Odysseus, there is a feast where the bard sings the world’s most famous tales; one tale recounts the quarrel between Achilles and ________. 2. After the feast, there are games, including a footrace, wrestling, jumping, and boxing. Odysseus is finally goaded into competition; the event he entered was _____________. 3. Evidence of Odysseus’ famed cleverness, one of the reasons the goddess Athena especially admires him, appears when he says only a fool who competing in games in a foreign land would set out to rival his ___________. 4. More music and dancing follows. The bard sings the story of the love affair between the god of war, Ares, and the goddess of beauty, ___________. 5. As a gift of apology, Odysseus is given a sword of bronze with an ivory sheath by ____________, who had been rude to him. 6. The bard then sings the songs of the wooden _____________ of Troy, a strategy that Odysseus had devised. 7. King Alcinous tells Odysseys of a prophecy he had heard from his father, King Nausithous. The god ___________________ would one day become angry at the Phaeacians because they gave hospitality too freely and lavishly. This god would smash a ship and throw a ring of mountains around their city. 8. Homer, the author, was a bard and would have lived very much like __________, King Alcinous’ minstrel. Book 9: In the One-eyed Giant’s Cave 1. Revealing his identity to his Phaeacian hosts; Odysseus he is son of ________. 2. The first stop Odysseus and his men made after leaving Troy was the Isle of Ismarus, the land of the people called Cicones. This stop costs him the lives of _____ men from each of his twelve ships. 3. After a storm caused by an angry Zeus, the ships came to the land of the __________, and Odysseus had to put his men under benches in the ships to save them, 4. Next, they came to the land of the Cyclops. Odysseus called the Cylops ________________________. 5. In order to escape from the cave of Polyphemus, they blinded the giant and then hid underneath __________________. 6. Polyphemus was unable to get help and was ridiculed by his neighbors when he shouted that “___________________” had hurt him. 7. As they sailed away, Odysseus could not resist the urge to reveal his name; unwisely, he also told Polyphemus he wished he had killed him and sent him to hell. As a result, Polyphemus prayed to his father, ____________, who was already angry with Odysseus, to assure that Odysseus and his men never reach home alive. If destiny willed that they reach their homes, he asked that it not be without many long years of suffering. Book 10: The Bewitching Queen of Aeaea 1. After the Cyclops, Odysseus and his men came to the island of King Aeolus, who gave him a bag containing all the bad _________ that might hamper his progress. 2. In sight of Ithaca, Odysseus’ men, thinking the bag contained treasures, opened it while he was asleep, and they were driven back to the island of Aeolus. How did the king receive their second request for help? 3. Odysseus lost ____ ships at the land inhabited by cannibals who were called ___________. (you must infer the number of ships based on previous book) 4. Next, he and his remaining men reached the Island of Aiaia, the home of the goddess ________________. 5. The party of men sent to explore the island was turned into _______________ by the goddess. 6. With the help of the god, ____________, Odysseus was able to rescue his men. 7. After a year’s stay as Circe’s lover, Odysseus yields to his men’s desires to continue their journey. First, however, he is sent to the Underworld to consult the seer named ______________. Book 11: The Kingdom of the Dead 1. In the Underworld, Odysseus followed Circe’s instructions carefully. The dead gathered around the pit. Dead animals were an offering to Hades and ____________, the god and goddess of the Underworld. 2. Odysseus met three dead souls: Elpenor, his mother, and the Theben seer________, who prophesied the events which lay ahead for Odysseus. 3. Odysseus learned from the seer that there was trouble at home and that he would have to kill the ________, who were abusing Penelope’s hospitality. 4. Odysseus met the soul of the dead king Agamemnon, who died as a result of the treachery of his own wife, _________________. 5. Achilles told Odysseus that he would rather be an alive _________ than a dead hero. 6. __________________ was also in Hades, condemned for all eternity to be tormented with hunger and thirst. 7. ____________’s punishment was to spend eternity pushing a boulder up a hill, only to have it roll back down again as he reaches the top. 8. The phantom of ________________ also talked to Odysseus, but his body was with the immortals on Mount Olympus. Book 12: The Cattle of the Sun 1. After leaving Hades and returning to Circe’s island, Odysseus and his men paid tribute to their dead comrade, _________, as promised. 2. Warned by Circe of the dangers ahead, the men set sail. They were able to sail safely past the island of the __________ because the men had wax in their ears and Odysseus, who wanted to hear the songs, was tied to the mast. 3. Following Circe’s advice, when they got to Scylla and Charybdis, they sailed closer to Scylla, losing _____ men to her heads rather than the entire ship to the whirlpool. 4. Odysseus was warned by both Circe and Tiresias not to land on the island of ____________, where the herds of the sun god Helios fed. 5. Although they intended to leave the following morning, the gods interfered. After praying for help, Odysseus fell asleep and his men ate the __________. 6. Helios warned Zeus that if the men were not punished, he would _________. 7. Zeus stirred up a storm and struck the ship with a _____________________. 8. The lone survivor, Odysseus floated for nine days and landed on the island belonging to ____________________. Book 13: Ithaca At Last 1. After loading lavish gifts for him on the Phaeacian ship, King Alcinous bid farewell to Odysseus. Upon arriving home, the sleeping Odysseus and his gifts were taken ashore. The earthshaker, ______________, requested permission from Zeus to punish the Phaeacians. 2. The Thunderer gave his permission and the Earthshaker turned the Phaeacian ship to __________________. 3. To prevent the rest of the prophecy from occurring, King Alcinous sacrificed _____________ to Poseidon. 4. Athena covered the countryside of Ithaca with a ___________ so that Odysseus would not recognize his home until she had a chance to prepare him. 5. Athena is pleased by Odysseus’ lie to her because it illustrates his caution and cleverness. After she reveals her identity, Athena tells Odysseus that Penelope is still faithful. Odysseus feels relieved because he feared he might suffer the same fate as _____________ at the hands of his wife Clytemnestra. 6. How does Athena disguise Odysseus? 7. Athena tells Odysseus to find the faithful swineherd _______________ and learn from him which of his subjects are still loyal. 8. In the meantime, Athena will go to ______________ to bring back Telemachus, who had gone to the court of King ____________ to seek knowledge of Odysseus. Book 14: The Loyal Swineheard 1. Why is the number of boars in Odysseus’ herds of swine dwindling? 2. Eumaeus, who thinks Odysseus is dead, tells his “visitor” that he wishes _____________ had died before Odysseus. 3. Odysseus cannot yet reveal his identity to the swineherd; inventing an elaborate story, he says he is a man from the wild plains of Crete who led a fleet against the ancient country of __________________. 4. The swineherd avoids going into town unless __________________. 5. The disguised Odysseus predicts the return of Odysseus and tells the swineherd that if his prediction does not come true, the swineherd may throw him ___________ as an example to other men who might come to Ithaca with lies about Odysseus. 6. Odysseus was pleased to see that the swineherd was so careful with his master’s property that he slept outside with the ______________. Book 15: The Prince Sets Sail for Home 1. Athena tells Telemachus to hurry home because his mother is being urged to marry _________________. 2. She also warns him that the suitors are waiting to ambush him in the straits between Ithaca and _____________. 3. As Telemachus said farewell to King Menelaus, a good omen appeared; it was a(n) _______________________________. 4. Menelaus’ wife _________________ interpreted the omen, saying it meant that Odysseus could already be in Ithaca. 5. Telemachus invited a prophet named _____________ to accompany him to Ithaca. 6. After Telemachus lands, another omen appears----a _______________. 7. It is significant that both omens were in process of ______________ because a move in the opposite direction would have meant bad luck. 8. It is also significant that both omens were in process of ________________, suggesting that Odysseus will prevail over the suitors. Book 16: Father and Son 1. At the swineherd’s hut, Telemachus meets the “stranger.” Is Telemachus master of his own house so that at this time he can offer hospitality to a stranger? 2. Eumaeus is sent to the palace to tell Penelope that _________ has returned. 3. Then the goddess ________________ appears to advise Odysseus to reveal everything to Telemachus. 4. When Odysseus has convinced Telemachus that he really is his father, Telemachus tells him that he must fight a total of _____ men counting suitors, servants, others. 5. Besides Telemachus, Odysseus is counting on the help of the god ________. 6. Odysseus plans to join Telemachus at home later when he will give the signal to hide all the __________. 7. Penelope is angry when she hears about the ambush plot; the man she calls by name in her accusation is ___________________________. 8. She is answered by _________________, who insincerely says that no man shall harm Telemachus while he is present to protect the boy. Book 17: Stranger At the Gates 1. When Telemachus tells his mother to quit crying and change clothes and when he relates Menelaus’ prediction that Odysseus will return, he is trying to prepare his mother. Then the prophet, _____________, tells Penelope that Odysseus is no longer a captive, but is in Ithaca at this time. 2. On their own way to town, Eumaeus and Odysseus encounter another one of Odysseus’ servants, the disloyal goatherd named _________________. 3. Odysseus’ dog is named ____________ after Jason’s famous ship. 4. When the dog sees Odysseus again, he ________________________________. 5. ___________________ tells the suitors that Eumaeus brought the beggar to the house. 6. It is ironic that ______________ objects to the beggar on the grounds that they already have enough beggars and vagrants eating at Odysseus’ expense. 7. Telemachus’ loud ___________ is a signal to Penelope that death will come to the intruders. Book 18: The Beggar King of Ithaca 1. A new visitor, _______________, the town beggar, comes to the palace. 2. Antinous urges a fight between the beggars. The winner of the fight will receive a ________ and the right always to share a meal with them as the sole beggar of the house. 3. What did Athena do for Odysseus to help him win the fight? 4. What injury did Odysseus give the man? 5. Before he went off to the Trojan War, Odysseus had told Penelope that she could marry again when Telemachus __________. 6. Penelope criticizes the suitors for not giving her any __________. 7. Odysseus is insulted by ___________; a brawl ensues in which this bully throws a stool at him. 8. _______________ called order to the group. Book 19: Penelope and Her Guest 1. Odysseus again encounters _____________, a disloyal servant who yells at him when she finds him in the upstairs of the house. 2. To test the truth of what the stranger said, Penelope asks him what Odysseus was wearing; the beggar describes a broach; what scene appeared on the broach? 3. While washing Odysseus’ feet the old nurse, ___________, recognizes him when she sees the _______ on his leg, which he received from a wild ___________. 4. Because Odysseus does not let the old nurse determine which of the women are faithful and which are not, _______________ is going to do it. 5. Penelope has a strange dream. The dead geese represent the ________________. [Remember the omen of an eagle carrying a goose] 6. Penelope tells the beggar that she has planned a contest in which the suitors will attempt to shoot an arrow through the handles of many __________ set in a row. Book 20: Portents Gather 1. What are the serving women doing that makes Odysseus so angry that he growls in his heart at their shameless ways? 2. Odysseus worries that he might not be able to escape the ____________. He is concerned that if he kills all these high-born men, their relatives and countrymen might attempt to avenge them and Ithaca would be embroiled in a civil war. 3. Odysseus prays to Zeus to give a sign--______________. 4. A serving woman who also hears the sign prays that _____________. 5. __________________, the loyal herdsman arrives. 6. __________________, the disloyal herdsman arrives. 7. A third herdsman, Philoetius, arrives. Is he loyal or disloyal? 8. __________________ astonishes the suitors with his bold talk. 9. __________________ sees a vision that predicts woe to all the suitors. 10. While the suitors are plotting Telemachus’ death, an omen appears: a bird that flies off to the ___________, a sign that their plan will fail. Book 21: Odysseus Strings His Bow 1. Penelope says the man who can string the bow belonging to ____________ and then shoot an arrow through the handles will be her new husband. 2. _________________ ridicules Eumaeus and the cowherd when they are moved to tears after seeing the bow. 3. _________________ almost strings the bow before Odysseus signals him to stop. 4. _________________, the first man to try the bow, predicts that the bow will destroy many strong men. 5. _________________, a loyal servant, is supposed to carry the bow to Odysseus. 6. _________________ is supposed to lock the gate. 7. _________________ is supposed to see that the women are out of the way. 8. Antinous wants to put off the contest for one day because it is the feast day of the god _________________ and he fears the god may cause them to fail if they engage in competition on his sacred day. 9. Penelope assures them that even if the beggar does win, he would not expect her, a queen, to marry him. How is her statement ironic? 10. _____________ sends Penelope to her room. Book 22: Slaughter in the Hall 1. The first suitor killed was _____________, who received an arrow in the neck. 2. __________________, who tried to escape the fight by blaming everything on Antinous, is the second suitor to die. 3. __________________ killed Amphinomus. 4. ________________________ ran to the storeroom and armed the suitors. 5. Two who were spared were Medon, the herald, who cared for Telemachus as a child, and ______________, the bard. 6. Odysseus would not let Eurycleia shout for joy because _______________. 7. How many of the serving women had been unfaithful? 8. Thinking that stabbing is too good for the unfaithful women, Telemachus has them hanged instead. They looked like ___________ caught in a net. [remember the signs] 9. Odysseus orders Eurycleia to bring ______________ and ____________ to clean the hall and remove the smell of death. Book 23: The Great Rooted Bed 1. Worried that the killings may be avenged while hoping to buy time and delay the townspeople from knowing the truth, Odysseus orders his household to pretend that a ____________ is taking place. 2. Penelope, not convinced that the beggar is Odysseus, tests him by ordering the women to move the ________________. 3. Odysseus reveals something that only he would know: that one of the posts is a _____. 4. To make their first night together pleasurable, Athena makes the night ___________. 5. He must visit city after city until he comes to someone who does not recognize the ___________ he is carrying on his shoulder. 6. On that spot, he must bury it and prepare a sacrifice for the god _______________. 7. Only then will he be able to live in peace and happiness until he dies a very old man. Death will come to him gently from the direction of the _______________. 8. Odysseus says that before starting his journey to appease the gods, he will visit his _______________. 9. Odysseus and his men get out of the city with the help of Athena, who hides them in ___________. Book 24: Peace 1. The god _________ escorts the dead to the halls of Hades. 2. In Hades, the soul of Agamemnon tells the soul of __________ that he was fortunate to have died on the battlefield during the Trojan War. 3. During the course of this conversation, Homer adds the ____________ customs of the Greeks. 4. In contrast, the souls of the newly-arrived _______________ are not happy because their bodies are still lying uncovered and no one knows yet to mourn their deaths. 5. Meanwhile, Odysseus has arrived at his father’s house and must again prove his identity. In addition to showing the proof of the scar, he correctly identifies the kinds and numbers of the _____________ that Laertes had given him long ago. Self Tracking: Dialectical Journals: Week Book Numbers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Entry 1 Score Entry 2 Score Joseph Campbell’s The Power of Myth: “The Hero’s Adventure” Video Guide Chronology for Odysseus I. DEPARTURE/SEPARATION The Call to Adventure: Supernatural Aid: Crossing the Threshold: Guardians: II. INITIATION/FULFILLMENT Two types of hero deeds: Brother Battle: Dragon Battle: Abduction/Sea Journey/Night Journey Entering the Belly of the Whale: Meeting with the Goddess: Sacred Marriage: Ritual Death or Dismemberment: Atonement with Father: Apotheosis: Ultimate Boon or Magic Elixir: III. RETURN Refusal of Return: Rescue from Without: Magic Flight/Pursuit: Crossing the Return Threshold: Master of Two Worlds: Freedom to Live: Joseph Campbell’s The Power of Myth: “The Hero’s Adventure” Video Guide Chronology for Odysseus I. DEPARTURE/SEPARATION The Call to Adventure: Supernatural Aid: Crossing the Threshold: Guardians: II. INITIATION/FULFILLMENT Two types of hero deeds: Brother Battle: Dragon Battle: Abduction/Sea Journey/Night Journey Entering the Belly of the Whale: Meeting with the Goddess: Sacred Marriage: Ritual Death or Dismemberment: Atonement with Father: Apotheosis: Ultimate Boon or Magic Elixir: III. RETURN Refusal of Return: Rescue from Without: Magic Flight/Pursuit: Crossing the Return Threshold: Master of Two Worlds: Freedom to Live: Name:_____________________________’s Daily Sheet Do not lose this sheet as this is the only record of your daily work, if lost, your work will earn no credit. A stamp is full credit, initial is ½ credit, blank is 0 credit. Book Number & Date Totals: Daily Discussion ______/48 Reading Guide _________/72
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