SFL/METU
DBE
Weekend Homework 2
NLL Units 8, 9& GHO2
February 2017
PIN-B GROUP
(Instructor’s Copy)
I. GERUNDS & INFINITIVES
A. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. (2011-12 EL PQ10)
TIME FOR A CHANGE!
Every year thousands of British people sell their homes and move to a sunny place.
We asked Georgina Wilkes from the UK why they decided (1) to try (try) a new
way of life in a different country. This is what she said:
After my husband, Don, retired, we went on a holiday in Spain. Everything was so
amazing that Don suggested (2) moving (move) there to spend the rest of our lives. At first, I did not fancy
that, but later I liked the idea. We made such a decision because we wanted (3) to live (live) somewhere
warmer in the winter.
It has been two years since we moved to Spain. We live in a place called Nerja, on the Mediterranean coast.
We like it here because the weather is wonderful and the local people are really friendly. However, at first, I
wasn’t very happy. I even tended (4) to cry (cry) from time to time. However, in time, I succeeded in (5)
adapting (adapt) to my new lifestyle. Don is a very sociable person. He didn’t seem (6) to have (have) any
problems because he managed (7) to make (make) a lot of friends and spent most of his time with them.
Some British people here think they don't need (8) to learn (learn) Spanish, but I think that's wrong. When
you live in another country, you should learn the language. My husband and I really enjoy (9) studying (study)
Spanish, and we'd like (10) to become (become) fluent. Then, we will really feel part of Spain.
Of course, I miss my daughter and my grandsons in Britain. We keep (11) sending (send) e-mails to each
other, and I am looking forward to (12) seeing (see) them again very soon.
B. Below is a text titled “McWorld.” Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in
parentheses. (2012-13 EL PQ12)
“I’ll have a Big Mac, a large fries, and a medium soda, please.” The language may
change, but apparently, we seem (1) to hear (hear) this sentence more and more
frequently, as the number of McDonald’s restaurants all around the world rises. At the
moment, Antarctica is the only continent that doesn’t (yet!) have a McDonald’s, and the
numbers keep (2) growing (grow). In the United States, most McDonald’s customers
need (3) to travel (travel) less than four minutes to arrive at the next set of golden arches.
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(4) Eating / To eat (eat) fast food has become a global trend all around the world. Statistics show that an
increasing number of people tend (5) to prefer (prefer) fast food over healthier food choices. The reason is
quite simple: true to its name, fast food is fast. In today’s busy society, people don’t want (6) to waste (waste)
time. In addition to the speed of ordering and getting served, satisfied customers also talk about (7) having
(have) delicious food at a cheaper price. Although people are aware of the frightening consequences of
consuming fast food, such as obesity and heart disease, fast-food consumption is continuing to rise. Despite
the health hazards, more and more people are eating a pizza or a burger instead of (8) having (have) something
healthy.
Many people also like the familiarity and reliability that fast-food chains provide. You can expect (9) to get
(get) the same quality every time, every place. However, McDonald’s has introduced some local variety, too.
For example, you can order a teriyaki burger in Japan, or a Maharaja Mac in India.
Not everyone would rather (10) consume (consume) fast foods, however. In fact, a lot of people are tired of
(11) seeing (see) the same restaurants wherever they go. People are blaming fast-food chains like McDonald’s
and Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurants for (12) not caring (care) about the local color of many towns and
cities. However, there are more serious objections to fast-food consumption that should stop us from
(13)choosing (choose) fast food over healthier options.
Nutritionists point to the negative health consequences of fast foods since they are generally high in calories,
fat, and salt, but low in fiber and vitamins. In short, they are unhealthy. For their part, sociologists complain
that fast-food restaurants may prevent families from (14) spending (spend) quality time together around the
dinner table. They say that people are no longer able to enjoy (15) eating (eat) together as a family when they
can just grab a bite in front of the television or when they are driving back home from work. Furthermore,
social critics say, fast-food chains are responsible for (176) introducing (introduce) unhealthy foods into the
society. There is also the important issue of the environment. Most fast-food restaurants use a lot of disposable
packaging. This, in turn, creates a lot of waste. It is a high price to pay for convenience.
Like it or not, fast-food restaurants like McDonald’s are likely (17) to continue (continue) to grow in number.
However, if you, too, are worried about the serious issues related to fast-food chains and fast food itself, you
should be willing (18) to make (make) healthier choices. If you have enough time and energy to cook at home,
do so. By (19) preparing (prepare) your own healthy meals, you can do something good both for yourself and
for the environment.
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C. In the following passage two families, one French and one British, describe their attitudes towards
money. Complete the following text using the correct form: infinitive with ‘to’ or gerund.
“What’s the point in (1) worrying (worry) too much about the future?” says Francine Beudet. Francine, her
husband Henry and their daughter, Marine, live 100 miles south of Paris. “We don’t save much. We usually
plan (2) to spend (spend) our money now on (3) having (have) a good life.
In England, Gordon and Fiona Robinson take the same approach to money. Fiona decided (4) to stay (stay)
at home (5) to look after (look after) their daughter, Cloe, who is nearly three. “I have considered (6) taking
(take) a part time job, but as it is impossible for Gordon (7) to be (be) at home at a set time each evening, it’s
difficult (8) to arrange (arrange) at the moment.
On the other hand, Francine found an ideal solution to the problem of (9) combining (combine) work with
(10) running (run) a home and (11) bringing up (bring up) children. She is a nurse and works part-time at
an old people’s home. Although the hospital is close to her home, she needs a car (12) to get (get) there
quickly.
Henry is expected (13) to buy (buy) his own car, but he receives hotel and petrol expenses for his work which
involves (14) driving (drive) a long distance each year. He organizes his work so that when Francine has to
work at night, he can get home every evening (15) to take (take) care of Marine.
Gordon’s car is provided by his employer and he is lucky (16) to get (get) a new one every two years. He also
spends each working day travelling around his area. Instead of (17) staying (stay) overnight in hotels, he
manages (18) to get (get) home.
II. TENSE REVISION
A. Below is a text about perfume. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the
verbs in parentheses. (2015-16 EL PQ 13)
Hope in a Bottle
“Perfume is a promise in a bottle,” says Sophia Grojsman of International Flavors &
Perfumes. Most of us wish (1) to be (be) prettier, richer and happier than we are.
Consider the names of the perfumes that we choose: Joy, Dolce Vita, Pleasures, White
Diamonds, Beautiful. These names make us hopeful. We think that if we (2a) use (use) these perfumes,
we (2b) will/may/might/could become (become) more successful or attractive than we are now.
In terms of chemistry, perfumes are made from a combination of aromatic oils and alcohol. In the early 20th
century, the oils in perfume (3) were taken (take) from animals. However, today, there are laws which
prohibit people from (4) killing (kill) animals or endangered plants for their scents. Therefore, now, most of
the animal oils in perfumes (5) are (being) replaced / have been replaced (replace) with synthetic
chemicals. The other ingredients in perfumes come from plants, especially flowers.
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The area around Grasse, France, is famous for its flowers. Farmers like Joseph Mul (6) have produced/have
been producing (produce) flowers such as roses, jasmine and lavender for centuries. However, from now on,
Mul wants to concentrate only on roses because they are more profitable. Therefore, he (7) won’t grow/isn’t
going to grow (grow) jasmine or lavender next year. His rose absolute, the fragrant liquid that he gets from
his roses, sells for $3,650 a pound. (8) Making (make) the rose absolute is a difficult process. It
involves (9) collecting (collect) the roses by hand during the early morning. The workers must be
careful (10) not to damage (damage) the roses while they are picking them. After ten o’clock, the flowers
begin to wilt in the heat of the sun, and the workers are done for the day.
The perfume industry spends hundreds of millions of dollars each year on advertising for its products.
However, the success rate for new perfumes is low. Perfume makers don’t expect (11) to have (have) success
with every new perfume. Only about one in ten is successful, so some perfume makers don’t want to
risk (12) spending (spend) the money. However, this is the only way to let the world know about a perfume
that makes us believe our dreams will come true.
III. -ING/-ED ADJECTIVES
A. Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the verbs in the brackets (-ing / -ed)
1.
The last year of high school is very tiring (tire). Students go to school and the “dershane”. When they go
home, they can’t study as they are too tired (tire) to do so.
2.
When children hear a thunderstorm they get frightened (frighten) since the sound of a thunderstorm can
be really frightening (frighten).
3.
Washington State is usually cloudy and rainy so the sky is grey. Many people find this very depressing
(depress). The suicide rate in Washington State is quite high as there are many depressed (depress)
people.
4.
We were surprised (surprise) to hear that Aunt Molly was pregnant. It is surprising (surprise) news
because she is 48 years old.
5.
I was really embarrassed (embarrass) when I fell on the ice in front of the school. I thought it was
embarrassing (embarrass) because at the time all the students were in the garden.
6.
Why don’t we buy this book about the Ottomans for Ayşe? She is interested (interest) in history so she’ll
find this book very interesting (interest).
7.
We’ll stay for two days in Manchester. I’ll attend meetings so we’ll have a limited (limit) time to tour the
city.
8.
Most pharmacies are closed (close) on Sundays.
9.
Many people think Stonehenge is a fascinating (fascinate) historical site. When you see the site, you’re
fascinated (fascinate) by the size of the stones.
10. During the Bayram last October, the weather was amazing (amaze). It was sunny and quite warm.
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11. We were amazed (amaze) when we saw Aspendos since it was in very good condition.
12. Pat and Sue are very excited (excite) because they’ll visit many old friends and places in Turkey. They
hope that it’ll be an exciting (excite) trip.
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct adjective forms of the words in parentheses. (2009-10 PIN PQ207)
America, the big land I had heard so much about, seemed like an (1) exciting (excite) but scary place when I
first arrived. I landed at J.F. Kennedy Airport in New York in 1986. I had a private nursing job near the airport
for three months but it was a very (2) tiring (tire) job, so I quit the job and moved to Manhattan. When I got
there, I was lost and (3) frightened (frighten) because everyone was running all over, moving so quickly. I
felt so different, and I wanted to blend in with Americans, so I started walking quickly and looking all around
me. I never thought there would be so many people. It was a really (4) amazing (amaze) experience.
C. Fill in the blanks with the correct adjective forms of the verbs in parentheses. (2010-11 PIN PQ206)
Dear Kamala,
I was really (1) surprised (surprise) to get your letter, as I know that you
are having a very busy time at college. I’ve been very busy too, and I can’t
wait for the holidays because I’m very (2) tired (tire). In your letter, you
ask for my advice about the holiday you are planning to take in Europe. I
think you should visit Copenhagen or Cracow. Both cities are very
(3)interesting (interest) places to visit, but the weather can be very cold
both in Copenhagen and in Cracow, as I’m sure you know. In winter, the days are very short, and it gets dark
very early, which can be a bit (4) depressing (depress), so it might be a good idea to visit those cities in
summer. Fortunately, there are lots of things to do in both. I don’t think you will ever be (5) bored (bore).
In Cracow, there are a lot of places to go and listen to music, and there are
also a lot of cinemas. There is a wonderful museum, which I found
absolutely (6) fascinating (fascinate). Copenhagen has lots to offer as well.
There are wonderful cafés, and the nightlife is really (7) exciting (excite),
too. I hope that helps you make up your mind. I won’t be at all (8) shocked
(shock) if I hear you’ve decided to visit both cities.
Love,
Mary
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IV. CLOZE TEST. Fill in the blanks with ONE WORD ONLY.
(2012-13 EL PQ 115)
It is difficult (1) to find a clothing item as widely embraced, worn, and loved all
over the world as jeans. This classic symbol of the American West is now a popular
item in wardrobes around the world. Why is that? How did jeans succeed (2) in
getting into the wardrobes of people from so many different walks of life? Cowboys
may wear them. (3) So do supermodels, farmers, presidents, and housewives.
Ask any group of people why they wear jeans and you will get different answers. Some people say they wear
jeans (4) because/as/since/for they are comfortable, durable, and easy. Others find them cool. Jeans mean
different things to different people. Does this explain their wide appeal?
“It is a subject that is relatively unstudied,” says anthropologist Danny Miller, the author of the book Blue
Jeans. In his book, he looks into the past, present, and future of jeans. In every country he visited – from the
Philippines (5) to Turkey, India, and Brazil – Miller found that almost half the population wore jeans on any
given day. Interestingly, although jeans are mostly associated (6) with the casual style of youngsters, he found
that middle-aged and old people, as well as businesspeople and other professionals, often wore them. “Age
and profession are definitely not factors that keep people (7) from wearing jeans. Just think: why should you
wear something else instead (8) of putting on a pair of jeans and a t-shirt, and still look good – if you have the
choice? Also, why should you complain (9) about feeling uncomfortable in a suit or a dress when you can
move freely and feel relaxed in your favorite casual wear? Surprisingly enough, jeans are as popular among
middle-aged professionals as they are among youngsters. The reason, I found, is that the first group is really
tired (10) of following their daily routines with serious expressions on their faces. Jeans seem (11) to give
them a feeling of freedom and relaxation,” Miller says. He adds, “We should thank Levi Strauss (12) for
introducing jeans and their comfort into our lives.”
V. USED TO
A. Below is the rest of the same text. Rewrite the underlined sentences using the correct forms of “used
to.” DO NOT CHANGE THE MEANING.
(1)Now, jeans are popular clothing items among people of all ages. However, back in the early 20th century,
they were widely used only as worker’s pants by young men. (2)What did people think about jean-wearers?
Well, people thought they were low-income workers with nothing better to wear. However, all this changed
with the growth of the film and music industry in the 1950s, and the introduction of jeans as the “uniform” of
movie and music stars. Today, jeans are everywhere: on designer’s catwalks, on accessories, and even in home
collections. The history of blue jeans goes on...
1. In the past, jeans didn’t use to be popular clothing items among people of all ages.
2. What did people use to think about jean-wearers?
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B. Rewrite the sentences using used to.
1. There wasn't much air pollution 15 years ago.
There didn’t use to be much air pollution 15 years ago.
2. I disliked wearing a uniform when I first joined the army, but I don’t mind it any more.
I didn’t use to like wearing/used to dislike wearing a uniform.
3. My sister started dying her hair after she graduated from university.
My sister didn’t use to dye her hair when she was at university.
4. They have built an art gallery near my flat.
There didn’t use to be an art gallery near my flat.
5. They have pulled down the cinema on Main Street.
There used to be a cinema on Main Street.
6. Home computers are not expensive any more.
Home computers didn’t use to be inexpensive/cheap//used to be expensive in the past.
7. There were only a few shopping centers in Ankara 10 years ago.
There used to be only a few shopping centers in Ankara 10 years ago.
8.
I have stopped smoking.
I used to smoke.
9. Fifty years ago, people put money in hiding places under the floor.
Fifty years ago, people used to put money in hiding places under the floor.
10. There are many female managers at the top of companies now, but it was different in the past.
There didn’t use to be many female managers at the top of companies in the past.
VI. RESPONSE TO A SITUATION. Respond to the situation provided in ONE statement or question.
1. Your flat mate suggests that you go out for dinner tonight, but you are too tired to do this, and your
preference would be to stay at home, so you explain to her and say:
I would rather stay at home than go out tonight because/as I am really tired.
Sorry, but I would prefer to stay at home because/as I am really tired.
2. You and your friend are planning a night out. Your friend wants to go to a concert, but you want to go
dancing. You express your preference by saying:
I’d like to/I (would) prefer to/ I’d rather/ I’d love to go dancing.
I don’t fancy / I’m not keen that concert / on concerts.
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VII. DIALOGUE COMPLETION
Fill in the blanks with phrases from the box. There are MORE phrases than you need.
would rather
keen on
fancy
than
would prefer
would like
don’t mind
I think
Peter: Do you (1) fancy a concert? The Ragford Symphony Orchestra is playing at the Sindican Centre
tonight at 7:30.
Ann: Oh, no! I’m not (2) keen on listening to classical music. I (3) would rather go to a movie instead.
What about you, Peter?
Peter: Well, I (4) don’t mind seeing a film, but I’m more interested in going to a concert (5) than watching
a movie. What’s more, you could always watch a movie on a DVD player.
Ann: OK. You (6) would prefer / would like to go to that concert. Is that what you are saying?
Peter: Yes.
Ann: Ok then. You have the tickets, I suppose.
Peter: No, but I could buy them at…
VIII. VOCABULARY REVIEW
PART A. Mark the best choice.
The oceans ____(1)____ 71% of the Earth’s surface and contain 97% of the Earth’s water. Although there has
always been great interest in the ____(2)____ the oceans have, it has only been in recent decades that modern
technology has enabled man to start exploring the ocean floor. As recently as the 1960’s, scientists made
developments in investigating the ____(3)____ of the oceans.
1. a) absorb
b) cover
c) consist
d) reach
2. a) current
b) exception
c) shelters
d) mysteries
3. a) distances
b) depths
c) marines
d) pressures
90% of all volcanic activity ____(4)____ in the oceans. Undersea earthquakes and volcanoes can ____(5)____
in tsunamis (Japanese word which means ‘harbor wave’). The largest ____(6)____ tsunami, caused by an 8.9
magnitude earthquake in the Gulf of Alaska in 1899, measured 60 m. above sea level.
4. a) sinks
b) reaches
c) occurs
d) observes
5. a) rescue
b) result
c) appear
d) rely
6. a)
b)
c)
d)
regained
reflected
recorded
removed
The sea level has ____(7)____ with an average of 4 -10 inches over the past 100 years and scientists expect
this rate to increase even more because even if the climate has stabilized, or stopped changing, the oceans
____(8)____ rather slowly to climatic changes as a result of their capacity to absorb heat.
7. a) endangered
b) risen
c) rotated
d) reduced
8. a)
b)
c)
d)
react
pick
abandon
bother
8
In the deep ocean, the entire area is without sunlight except at the very upper parts of the mesopelagic zone,
where some sunlight can reach. Since this area is either dark or has extremely low light levels, photosynthesis
is not possible. This lack of light means that the organisms have to ____(9)____ on their senses rather than
vision to find food and ____(10)____ their lives. Insufficient amount of light may also have some ____(11)
____ on the locomotory habits of the animals.
9. a) grab
b) agree
c) alter
d) rely
10. a)
b)
c)
d)
restrict
affect
maintain
remain
11. a) supplies
b) sources
c) evidences
d) effects
Coral reefs develop in ____(12)____ warm water, usually near land, and mostly in tropics. There are coral
reefs near the eastern ____(13)____ of Africa, in the Red Sea and near the coasts of Florida, USA. Today,
many coral reefs are dying. Major threats to coral reefs are water ____(14)____ and careless collection of coral
specimens.
12. a) shallow
b) smooth
c) moderate
d) excellent
13. a) journeys
b) disasters
c) evidences
d) shores
14. a) existence
b) pollution
c) sewage
d) drought
PART B. Below is a text on blue whales. Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box below. DO
NOT change the form of the words. Use each word only ONCE. Be careful as there are more words
than you need.
species
plentiful
consists
feeds
enforce
hunt
durable
marine
predators
drought
weigh
migrate
shortage
consumes
The blue whale is a(n) (1) marine animal that belongs to the family of baleen whales. Being the largest known
animal that has ever existed, blue whales (2) weigh about 180 tons (180,000 kilograms) and are about 30
meters long.
The top half of a blue whale’s body is dark slate-blue, with light-colored flecks. These animals are called the
blue whale because of their bluish-gray color. As they are members of the toothless baleen whale family, their
diet (3) consists of krill (tiny shrimp-like creatures found in sea water.) An average adult blue whale
(4)consumes about 3.5 tons (3,500 kilograms) of food a day.
Blue whales live mostly in cool waters – close to the Antarctic, the North Pacific, and the North Atlantic.
Scientists believe that the reason is that food is (5) plentiful in these waters. Like some other types of whales,
blue whales, too, (6) migrate to warmer waters in the winter. The female blue whales give birth to their calves
in warm waters. A mother whale (7) feeds its calf with its milk for the first six months (about 380-570 liters
per day!)
Like gray whales, the blue whales do not have any natural (8) predators except the orca, which mostly attacks
baby blue whales. Sadly, however, blue whales are threatened more by humans, who (9) hunt them for their
oil. They are on the red list of endangered (10) species of the International Union for the Conservation of
Nature as their population has been reduced by almost 99% over the past century.
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MTR 106
1.
profits
unconscious
unconscious
obsessed
interpret
lie
slight
lying
interpret
honesty
She told a/an lie to her parents when she came home later than she promised.
intends
sensitive
intention
honest
fulfilled
2.
There is a/an slight chance of rain as it is 20°.
3.
With more than 50 holiday resorts, the island profits from tourism.
4.
… unconscious action/mistake/need/desire/attempt …
5.
She is admired for her kindness and her honesty. She likes helping people and is always truthful.
6.
He intends to leave the business to his daughter as he is getting old.
7.
You shouldn't be afraid of some honest criticism. It is for your good.
8.
She became more and more obsessed with the new project as she wants to finish it earlier than expected.
9.
All humans have the unconscious need to be loved.
10. If we can buy that house, our dreams will be fulfilled.
11. I have to be very careful with what I say because she's so sensitive. She gets hurt very easily.
12. A jury should not interpret the silence of a defendant as a sign of guilt.
13. She was lying when she told her parents that she had spent the afternoon studying.
14. It's difficult to interpret these statistics without knowing how they were obtained.
15. He said he loved her, but he actually had no intention of marrying her. [=he did not intend to marry her]
profited
obsessed
interpreted
slight
honest
honesty
1. Don't trust her - she's lying.
lie
lying
intention
unconscious
sensitive
intended
fulfilled
2. He profited greatly from his investments.
3. I told a/an lie when I said I liked her haircut.
4. She was sensitive to the fears of her patients.
5. To be perfectly/quite honest, I don't want to go.
6. She was obsessed with her weight. [=she thought about her weight all the time]
7. She was unconscious for three days after the accident.
8. Any change of policy will be interpreted as a sign of weakness.
9. Somehow I offended him, which wasn't what I'd intended.
10. He didn't even have enough honesty to tell me he was leaving.
11. There has been a/an slight increase in the number of cigarette smokers.
12. It wasn't my intention to exclude her from the list - I just forgot her.
13. He fulfilled his childhood wish to become a professional baseball player.
10
slightest
fulfill
unconscious
fulfill
intentions
intends
sensitive
unconscious
honesty
profited
obsessed
1. It is obvious that she doesn’t want to leave. She clearly intends to stay here.
2. She was unconscious that someone was watching her.
3. Why are people so obsessed with money? Do they think that it will solve all their problems?
4. So, are you satisfied with the course? Did it fulfill all your expectations?
5. He is really sensitive to criticism. He hates being criticized.
6. The medication didn't have the slightest effect. [=did not have any effect]
7. Our teacher always forgets to fulfill her promises.
8. He's full of good intentions, but he never does anything about them!
9. He seems to be driven by a/an unconscious desire to do better than everyone else.
10. John realized honesty is the best policy and told his parents that he crashed their car.
11. He profited by his experience/mistake. [=he learned something useful from his experience/mistake]
intention
intend
intend
slightest
fulfill
profit
honest
honesty
unconscious
1. He didn’t realize that he made a mistake. That is, he is unconscious of his mistake.
2. He didn't intend to hurt anybody when he told that lie.
3. This book gives information about the Theory of Evolution. Everyone can profit from reading it.
4. We intend to go to Australia next year.
5. I don't like that guy, but in all honesty, I don't know why.
6. If you have even the slightest doubt, then don't do it.
7. He says that it's impossible to find a/an honest politician.
8. I've no intention of changing my plans just to make my parents happy.
9. A school fails if it does not fulfill the needs/requirements of its students.
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