PH0010
DOMESDAY BOOK YORKSHIRE
extracts from Victorian Country History Yorks II
Count Alan of Brittany, (d.1089) was granted the Honour of Richmond in 1071 - he held 199 manors in his castellary of which 108 waste, 133 held by vassals, and was rated at
1153 carucates for geld with land for 853 ploughs worth £80 p.a. The castellary included Wensleydale and Swaledale and reached as far East as Girsby, Horneby, Smeaton and
followed the R. Wiske to the junction with the Swale. He held 43 other manors of which 4 waste, and owed 161 carucates for geld and land for 170½ ploughs worth £110:11:8.
10 were held by vassals, about 1080 Rougemont created.
Tor was an Anglo-Saxon landowner of 28 manors most of which went to Enisant Musard, incuding Brompton on Swale and Croft - gave Church and 4 carucates to St . Mary's
York.
Torfin another Saxon owner of 26 places was succeeded by Bodin. Others retained their holdings under the Normans.
The Harrying of the North in IO69 left much of the area unrecovered by 1086 , thus Gillingshire worth £205 T.R.E. was only worth £44 in 1086.
"In Aluertune there are 44 carucates for geld which 30 ploughs can plough. Earl Edwin held this for 1 manor TRE and had 66 villeins with 35 ploughs. To this
manor belong 11 berewicks ………. It is now in the King's hands and is Waste. It was then worth £80. There is a meadow there of 40 acres. Wood and plain 5 leagues in length and
the same in breadth.
To this manor belongs the soc of these lands Neuhuse - Newsham, Westhuse - in Newsham, Mannebi - Maunby, Wergelesbi - Warlaby, Einderbi - Ainderby Steeple, Iaforde Yafforth, Leisenchi - Lazdnby, Digneshale - Over Dinsdale, Runtune - W? Rounton, Irebi – Irby, Herelsaie - W? Harlsey, Sighestun - Sigston, Colebi - Cowsby, Timbelbi –
Thimbleby, Leche - Leake, Chennieton - Knayton, Rauenstorp - Raventhorpe, Torentun -Thornton le St., Croxebi - Crosby, Otrinctun - N? 0tterington, Romesdabi -Romanby,
Brinton –Brompton, Cheluintun -N? Kilvington, Keneitun - Knayton. Among the whole there are 85 carucites for geld which 45 ploughs can plough. There are 60 acres of
meadow there. There were 116 socmen there. It is now waste.
………………
Manor in Girsby the Bishop of Durham had 6 carucates of land for geld. Land for 3 ploughs. Now it is waste. TRE it was worth 10/………………
Lands of Count Alan
In Ghellinghes Earl Edwin had 1 manor of 4 carucates for the King's geld in which 16 ploughs can be. Now Count Alan has there on the demesne 2 ploughs and 7 villeins with 2
ploughs, a churchy and 12 acres of meadow. Underwood 1 league in length and 1 in breadth.
To this manor belong these berewicks – Herfort (Hartforth) with 3 carucates for geld, Neuton - Newton Morrell 6 carucates, Hale - High and Low Hail 2½ carucates,
Staplendun-Stapleton 3 carucates, Forset - Forcett 8 carucates, Bereford - Barforth 3 carucates.
Together 37½ ca and 37 ploughs can be. All now waste except that in Herfort there is 1 man having 3 ploughs and in Cudtun Godric the Steward has under the Count 1 p lough
on the demesne and 5 villeins and 2 borders with 3 ploughs.
To this same manor also belongs this soc – Im Molton (Moulton) 16 carucates for geld and 12 ploughs can be. Ulf had 1 manor there. Now Count Alan has on the demesne 3
ploughs and 4 villeins and 4 borders with 1½ ploughs. In Barton 2½ carucates, in Aplebi - Eppleby 7carucates, in Clive - Cliffe 3 carucates, in Carlton (parish of Stanwyck) 2
carucates, in Hereford 1 carucates, in Ulfetun - Ovington 3 carucates, in gerlinton - Girlington 3 carucates, in Witclive 12 carucate (inc 3 in Thorpe and 3 in Little Wutton), in
Torp (parish of Wycliffe) 3 carucates, in Morrham 3 carucates, in Eghistun - Egglestone 3 carucates, in Bringenhale - Brignall 12 carucates, (6 in Brignall, 3 in E. Layton, 2 in Atley
Cowton, 1 in Cliffe), in Scracreghil - Scargill 3 carucates, in Berningham 4 carucates, in Lastun - W. Layton 3 carucates, in Latton -E. Layton 3 carucates, in Sten weghes Stanwick 3 carucates, in another Stenweghes - Little Sedbury, Stanwick 1 carucates. Together 71½ carucates for geld and as many ploughs can be there. Now they are
altogether waste.
Besides there is also in Manfelt soc of this manor of 16 carucates for geld where as many ploughs can be. Now Count Alan has there 3 socmen having 1 carucates and 6
bovates of this land and 3 ploughs there. The rest is waste. (There) is 1 fishery there rendering 10/-. A church is there.
In Hotton - Hutton Magna - there is also soc of the abovesaid manor of 6 carucates for geld where 6 ploughs can be. Tor has there under the Count 1 plough on the demesne and
7 villeins and 4 bordars with 2 ploughs. In these lands there are meadows in some places, also underwood. For the most part waste. TRE they were worth £56 now they render
£4. The whole manor 2 leagues in length and 2 in breadth
In Middeltun - Middleton Tyas - Ulf had 1 manor with sac and soc of 6 carucates for geld and as amny ploughs can be. Uctred (son of Ulf) has now of Count Alan. On the demesne
1 plough and 5 villeins with 4 ploughs. TRE it was worth 40/- now 20/-. The whole manor 2 leaugues in length and 4 furlongs in breadth.
In Natou -Knayton - Ulf had 1 manor with sac and soc of 8 carucates for geld and 6 ploughs can be. Now Uctred has of the Count. TRE it was worth 40/- now it is waste. The
whole 2 leagues in length and ½ in breadth.
In Staplendun - Stapleton - Tor had 1 manor of 5 carucates for geld and as many ploughs can be. Now Enisan has of the Count. TRE it was worth 10/- now it is waste. The whole 1
league in length and ½ in breadth.
In Berningham Tor had a hall and 2 carucates for geld and 2 ploughs can be; now Enisan has of the Count, It is waste. The whole has 2 leagues in length and 1 in breadth. But there
is underwood 1 league in length and ½ in breadth.
In Latton - E. Layton - Torfin had 3 carucate for geld with sacand soc and 3 ploughs can be. Now Bodin has of the Count. TRE it was worth 3/-, now it is waste. The whole 1 league in
length and 1 in breadth.
In Stenweghe Tor had 3 carucates with sac and soc and 3 ploughs can be there. Now Enisan has of the Count on the demesne 1 plough and 3 villeins with 2 ploughs. TRE it
was worth 3/- now 12/-. The whole ½ a league in length and ½ in breadth. In the same town there is 1 carucate for geld and the soc in Ghellinghes.
In Dirneshala - Over Dinsdale - Elsi had 1 manor of 3 carucates for geld and 3 ploughs can be. Now Count Alan has and is waste. ½ a league in length and as much in breadth
TRE it was worth 10/-. The soc of this manor belongs to Aluerton.
In Smeeton - Great Smeaton, 6 carucates for geld and 6 ploughs can be. Malgrim had 1 manor there. Now Count Alan has it and it is waste. The King has 2 carucates of this land.
The whole 1½ leagues in length and 1 league in breadth.
In Langetun. ........... .......... ..
In Caldewell 6 carucates for geld and 6 ploughs can be. Tor had 1 manor there. Now Enisan has it of Count Alan. On the demesne 1 plough and 1 acre of meadow. The whole 1
league in length and 1 in breadth. TRE it was worth 20/- now the same.
In Aldeburne 8 carucates for geld and 8 ploughs can be. Tor had 1 manor there, now Enisan has it of Count ALan. On the demesne 1 plough and 11 villeins arid 3 bordars with 6
ploughs. 4 acres of meadow. A mill and a church. The whole 1 league in length and 1 in breadth. TRE it was worth 40/- now £4.
In Cartun - Carlton par. Stanwick - there are 2 carucates for geld and it is inland in Aldeburne.
In Clesbi 6 carucates for geld and 6 ploughs can be. Tor had 1 manor there. Now Enisan has. On the demesne 1 plough and 2 villeins with 1 plough, 2 acres of meadow. The whole
1 league in length and ½ in breadth. TRE it was worth 10/-, now the same.
In Crofst 14 carucates for geld (includes Dalton, given to St. Peter's York) and 12 ploughs can be. … had 1 manor there, now Enisan of Count Alan. 5 acres of meadow. The whole 1
league in length and 1 in breadth. TRE it was worth 40/- now it is waste.
In Torp (in Halnaby) 2 carucates for geld and 2 ploughs can be. Raven had 1 manor there now Enisan has and it is waste. 1 acre of meadow. The whole 6 furlongs in length and 1 in
breadth. TRE it was worth 5/In Asebi - Easby - 6 carucates for geld and 5 ploughs can be. Tor had 1 manor there now Enisan has on the demesne 1 plough and 7 villeins with 4 ploughs. The whole 1 league
in length and ½ in breadth. TRE it was worth 10/-, now 13/-.
In Cottune -E. Cowton - 6 carucates for geld and 3 ploughs can be. Torchil had 1 manor there. Now Landric has of the Count and it is waste, TRE it was worth 20/-. The whole has 1
league in length and 1 in breadth.
In Maisenebi and Dirdreston a berewick 11 carucates for geld and 10 ploughs can be. Torfin had 1 manor there, now Bodin has 1 plough there and 15 villeins and 3 bordars aith 7
ploughs. A church is there and a priest. The whole 1 league in length and 1 in breadth. TRE it is worth 40/- now 30/-.
Glossary
ACRE
(Latin acra, from ager, field).
(1) Unlike the modern acre, the medieval acre could be used to estimate the length as well as area. As a sqiare measure 4 x 40 perches; as a linear measure 66ft.
(2) A unit of assessment to GELD; in some areas 120 geld-acres equalled 1 HIDE
BODAR
(from Old French borde, a wooden hut).
A cottager; a peasant of lower economic status than a VILLAN. Since Domesday Book distinguishes bordars from COTTARS and both from COTSETS, there must
have been some distinction between them now not readily apparent. All three are commonly associated with towns.
BOVATE
(from Latin bos. An ox).
One eighth of a CARUCATE; The Anglo-Scandinavian translation is OXGANG
CARUCATE
(From Latin caruca, a plough)
A ploughland: notionally the area which could be ploughed with an eight-ox team, used in the north and east as a unit of assessment to tax instead of HIDE
COTTAR
(from Old English kot, a cottage)
A cottager. See BODAR
COUNT
(Latin comes, companion)
A continental title, denoting a man in authority over a specific area (county) with administrative and judicial powers, used to translate the English EARL
DEMENSE
(Latin dominium, Old French adj. demeigne, owned)
Land ‘in LORDSHIP’ whose produce is devoted to the LORD rather than to his tenants:
(1) MANORS held in the LORD’s personal possession as opposed to those granted to his men
(2) that part of an individual’s estate exploited directly for the LORD’s ‘home-farm’. Also expressed as INLAND (Old English), as opposed to WARLAND
GELD
(Old English, money, tax).
The English land-tax (DANEGELD, HEREGELD) assessed on the HIDE
HIDE
(Old English hid, hida)
The standard unit of assessment to tax, especially GELD. Notionally the amount of land which would support a household; divi ded into four VIRGATES
MANOR
(Latin manerium, from manere, to dwell Old French manoir)
An estate, varying in size; the estate centre as opposed to the outlying BEREWICKS. The capital manor (CAPUT) was the administrative centre of the HONOUR
where the LORD’s chief resident, often his CASTLE, was situated, and where his COURT was held.
SAKE and SOKE
Old English sac and soc)
Literally ‘cause’ and ‘suit’; the case heard in a COURT and the duty of attending it. Used to denote the judicial and dominical rights associated with the
possession of land, especially BOOKLAND
TRE
(abbr. for Latin Tempore Regis Edwardi)
The formula commonly used in Domesday Book to indicate the position ‘in the time of Edward I’, i.e. before the Conquest in 1066. In EXON a more exact phrase
is sometimes used; ‘the day when King Edward was alive and dead’, i.e. 5 January 1066
VASSAL,
VASSALAGE
(Latin vassus; Old Celtic gwas, a boy or servant)
A man, usually of noble rank, who subordinates himself to a LORD. Vassalage is the status of a vassal, which was entered by COMMENDATION