Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
Chapter 4 Practice Exam
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Which of the following is NOT an example of a heterotroph?
a. mushroom
c. grass
b. leopard
d. human
____
2. Energy is released from ATP when
a. a phosphate group is added.
b. adenine bonds to ribose.
c.
d.
ATP is exposed to sunlight.
a phosphate group is removed.
Figure 8–1
____
3. Which structures shown in Figure 8-1 make up an ATP molecule?
a. A and B
c. A, B, C, and D
b. A, B, and C
d. C and D
____
4. Which scientists showed that plants need light to grow?
a. van Helmont and Calvin
c. van Helmont and Priestley
b. Priestley and Ingenhousz
d. Priestley and Calvin
____
5. A granum is a(an)
a. stack of chloroplasts.
b. stack of thylakoids.
____
c.
d.
6. The light-collecting units of a chloroplast are the
a. electron carriers.
c.
b. photosystems.
d.
membrane enclosing a thylakoid.
photosynthetic pigment molecule.
stroma.
high-energy sugars.
____
7. What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
a. oxygen gas
c. NADPH
b. ATP
d. all of the above
____
8. The Calvin cycle takes place in the
a. stroma.
b. photosystems.
c.
d.
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thylakoid membranes.
chlorophyll molecules.
ID: A
Name: ________________________
____
ID: A
9. If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant’s environment, what would you expect to happen to its production
of high-energy sugars?
a. More sugars will be produced.
b. No sugars will be produced.
c. The same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide.
d. Carbon dioxide does not affect the production of high-energy sugars in plants.
____ 10. Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called
a. autotrophs.
c. thylakoids.
b. heterotrophs.
d. pigments.
____ 11. Which of the following is NOT a part of an ATP molecule?
a. adenine
c. chlorophyll
b. ribose
d. phosphate
____ 12. Jan van Helmont concluded that plants gain most of their mass from
a. water.
c. carbon dioxide in the air.
b. the soil.
d. oxygen in the air.
____ 13. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
a. oxygen.
c. ATP and oxygen.
b. high-energy sugars.
d. oxygen and high-energy sugars.
____ 14. Plants gather the sun’s energy with light-absorbing molecules called
a. pigments.
c. chloroplasts.
b. thylakoids.
d. glucose.
____ 15. The stroma is the space that surrounds
a. thylakoids.
b. chloroplasts.
c.
d.
plant cells.
all of the above
____ 16. Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?
a. in the stroma
c. in the thylakoid membranes
b. outside the chloroplasts
d. only in chlorophyll molecules
____ 17. Where are photosystems I and II found?
a. in the stroma
b. in the thylakoid membrane
c.
d.
in the Calvin cycle
all of the above
c.
d.
high-energy sugars
carbon dioxide
____ 18. The Calvin cycle is another name for
a. light-independent reactions.
b. light-dependent reactions.
c. photosynthesis.
d. all of the above
____ 19. What is a product of the Calvin cycle?
a. oxygen gas
b. ATP
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 20. Which of the following is NOT a stage of cellular respiration?
a. fermentation
c. glycolysis
b. electron transport
d. Krebs cycle
____ 21. What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?
a. oxygen and lactic acid
c. glucose and oxygen
b. carbon dioxide and water
d. water and glucose
____ 22. The starting molecule for glycolysis is
a. ADP.
b. pyruvic acid.
c.
d.
citric acid.
glucose.
____ 23. One cause of muscle soreness is
a. alcoholic fermentation.
b. glycolysis.
c.
d.
lactic acid fermentation.
the Krebs cycle.
____ 24. The conversion of pyruvic acid into lactic acid requires
a. alcohol.
c. ATP.
b. oxygen.
d. NADH.
____ 25. Which of the following passes high-energy electrons into the electron transport chain?
a. NADH and FADH2
c. citric acid
b. ATP and ADP
d. acetyl-CoA
____ 26. Breathing heavily after running a race is your body’s way of
a. making more citric acid.
b. repaying an oxygen debt.
c. restarting glycolysis.
d. recharging the electron transport chain.
____ 27. All of the following are sources of energy during exercise EXCEPT
a. stored ATP.
c. lactic acid fermentation.
b. alcoholic fermentation.
d. cellular respiration.
____ 28. Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to
a. chloroplasts.
c. mitochondria.
b. cytoplasm.
d. nucleus.
____ 29. Plants cannot release energy from glucose using
a. glycolysis.
c.
b. photosynthesis.
d.
the Krebs cycle.
cellular respiration.
____ 30. Which of the following is released during cellular respiration?
a. oxygen
c. energy
b. air
d. lactic acid
____ 31. Which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell?
a. glycolysis
c. Krebs cycle
b. electron transport
d. all of the above
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Name: ________________________
____ 32. Glycolysis provides a cell with a net gain of
a. 2 ATP molecules.
b. 4 ATP molecules.
ID: A
c.
d.
____ 33. The two main types of fermentation are called
a. alcoholic and aerobic.
c.
b. aerobic and anaerobic.
d.
18 ATP molecules.
36 ATP molecules.
alcoholic and lactic acid.
lactic acid and anaerobic.
____ 34. In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is followed by
a. lactic acid fermentation.
c. photosynthesis.
b. alcoholic fermentation.
d. the Krebs cycle.
____ 35. The starting molecule for the Krebs cycle is
a. glucose.
b. NADH.
c.
d.
____ 36. In eukaryotes, electron transport occurs in the
a. mitochondria.
c.
b. chloroplasts.
d.
pyruvic acid.
coenzyme A.
cell membrane.
cytoplasm.
____ 37. The energy of the electrons passing along the electron transport chain is used to make
a. lactic acid.
c. alcohol.
b. citric acid.
d. ATP.
____ 38. When the body needs to exercise for longer than 90 seconds, it generates ATP by carrying out
a. lactic acid fermentation.
c. cellular respiration.
b. alcoholic fermentation.
d. glycolysis.
____ 39. Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in
a. animal cells only.
c. all but plant cells.
b. plant cells only.
d. all eukaryotic cells.
____ 40. The products of photosynthesis are the
a. products of cellular respiration.
b. reactants of cellular respiration.
c.
d.
products of glycolysis.
reactants of fermentation.
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
41. Thylakoids are a(an) ____________________ color because they contain chlorophyll.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
Figure 8–2
42. Photosystems I and II are found in the structure labeled ____________________ in Figure 8-2.
43. The area indicated in Figure 8-3 by the letter A is called ____________________.
44. Without oxygen, a cell can extract a net gain of only ____________________ molecules of ATP from each
glucose molecule.
Figure 9–1
45. Based on Figure 9-1, the complete breakdown of glucose through cellular respiration results in the production
of ____________________ ATP molecules.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 8–4
46. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 8-4, what chemical from the atmosphere is used in the Calvin cycle to
produce sugars?
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
A scientist set up a respiration chamber as shown in Figure 9-2. She placed a mouse in flask B. Into flasks A,
C, and D, she poured distilled water mixed with the acid-base indicator phenolphthalein. In the presence of
CO2, phenolphthalein turns from pink to clear. She allowed the mouse to stay in the chamber for about an
hour.
Figure 9–2
47. Inferring Write the equation for cellular respiration. Based on this equation and the setup shown in Figure
9-2, what substance(s) would you expect the mouse in flask B to give off?
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
48. Predicting Assume that the scientist set up an identical respiration chamber, except that in this setup she
placed a mouse that had been exercising on a hamster wheel. Then, the scientist measured the amount of CO2
given off by both mice at the end of 15 minutes. Predict which setup produced the most CO2. Explain your
answer.
49. Interpreting Graphics What will the mouse require to carry out cellular respiration? Look at the flasks in
Figure 9-2. Describe the flow of materials through the flasks. Will the mouse receive fresh air so that it can
survive?
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 9–3
50. Interpreting Graphics ATP synthase is an enzyme. Find ATP synthase in Figure 9-3. What reaction does
ATP synthase catalyze when an H+ ion passes through its channel?
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