JOURNAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
OF DEMOCRACY
Volume 13, Number 1, January 2002
The End of lhe Transition Paradigm
Th.omas Carothers
Must countries where authoritarianregimes have fallen thereforebe "in
transition" to democracy? Many democracy promoters seem to think
so. Yet trends on the ground in country after country areraising doubts
about whether it is troe or useful to think of democracy's prospectsin
this way.
South Africa: Democracy Without lhe People?
Robert Mattes
A decadeaftertheendof apartheid,SouthAfrican democracymaybe headed
for trouble becausethe country has yet to fulfill the three requirementsof
democratic consolidation: inequality-reducing economic growth, stable
institutions, and a supportivepolitical culture.
South Asia Faces the Future
I. India's Multiple Revolutions
Sumir Ganguly
Over the last two decades,India hasgonethrough a seriesof peaceful
revolutions-in society,in economiclife, andin the political systemthat havestrengthenedIndian democracyandgiven it a basison which
to thrive in decadesto come.
11. New Dimensions in Indian Democracy
Susanne Hoeber Rudolph and Lloyd I. Rudolph
India defies the widely held view that poor societiesare unlikely to
remain democratic.What explains the resilience of India' ~ democracy in the face oflong odds?The answerlies in the waysthe country
has respondedto the varied challengesof the past decade.
111.Democracy on Hold in Pakistan
Aqil Shah
After September11 and the start of the U.S.-led war on terrorists in
Afghanistan,the Pakistanimilitary regimeof PervezMusharraffound
itself at the center of world attention. What do these new and
dramatically changedcircumstancesportend for a possibleretum to
elected,civilian role in Islamabad?
IV. Back and Forth in Bangladesh
Howard B. Schaffer
Recentparliamentaryelectionsshowedthe continuing strengthsand
weaknessesof Bangladeshidemocracy.Although the country does
havestrongpolitical partiesand a decadeof democraticelections,the
intenseantipathy betweengovemmentand opposition will continue
to causeproblemswell into the future.
5
22
37
38
52
67
76
.TII~::ru"m
and Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka
I
Neil DeVotta
Irresponsibleleadershipand ill-designed institutions have madethis
island republic prey to a bitter and violent ethnic conflict that is
threateningto underminedemocracyitself.
The 2001 Freedom House Survey
Muslim Countries and lhe Democracy Gap
Adrian Karatnycky
Theyear2001sawmodestgajosin lhe strengtheningandconsolidationof
democracy
worldwide,but in predominantlyMuslim countries-especially
lheArab states-the statusof freedomand democracylags far behindlhe
restof lhe world.
What Democracy Can Do for East Asia
Hilton L. Root
Theimplicit socialbargainthat carriedmany EastAsian countriesthrough
lhe Cold War has lost its currency. If lhe peoplesof this region are to
securetti,eblessingsof peace,liberty, and prosperityin lhe centuryahead,
theywill needto have a new and explicitly democraticbargain working
for them.
Slovenia's Smooth Transition
Anton Bebler
The story of this small former Yugoslav republic offers an example of
how-if circumstances
areright-it maybepossiblefor a countryto reform
its wayout of communismandinto parliamentarydemocracyanda market
economy.
Mozambique:A Fading UN Success Story
JeremyM. Weinstein
TheUnitedNations did superbwork in helping Mozambiqueto end its
long-festeringcivil war and start down lhe path to recovery, but those
gajoscould slip away amid ominous conditions of partisanpolarization,
excessive
political centralization,and a winner-takes-everythingelectoral
system.
The Weaknessof Postcommunist Civil Society
Marc Morjé Howard
Recentstudiessuggestthat civil societyin lhe postcommunistcountriesis
significantlyweakerthan in other types of democracies,old or new. Can
thislegacyof communismbe overcome?If not, what arelhe implications
for democracy?
84
99
113
127
141
157
Books in Review
Reconstructing Afghanistan
Michael McFaul
A reviewof Afghanistan's EndlessWar: StateFailure, Regional Politics
and the Rise of the Taliban, by Larry Goodson; and Taliban: Militant
lslam,Gil and Fundamentalismin Central Asia, by Ahmed Rashid.
170
Election Watch
180
Documents on Democracy
184
Newsand Notes
189