CONSENT CALENDAR - AGENDA ITEM NO. 9 BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING September 27, 2012 TO: Board of Directors, Orange County Fire Authority FROM: Zenovy Jakymiw Human Resources Director SUBJECT: Firefighter Wellness & Fitness Program 2012 Update Report Summary: As requested by Board of Directors members, this report provides an update on the Orange County Fire Authority (OCFA) Firefighter Wellness & Fitness (WEFIT) Program. Recommended Action: Receive and file the report. Background: Attached is the report on the update of the Firefighter Wellness & Fitness Program. Impact to Cities/County: None. Fiscal Impact: None. Staff Contact for Further Information: Fausto Reyes, Risk Manager [email protected] (714)573-6831 Attachment Firefighter Wellness & Fitness Program 2012 Update Attachment Orange County Fire Authority Firefighter Wellness & Fitness Program 2012 Update “Train like your life depends on it” TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ....................... 1 Background .................................... 3 Medical & Fitness Evaluation ....... 5 Fitness & Conditioning .................. 8 Injury/Fitness Rehabilitation Wellness ........................................ 12 WEFIT Making a Difference ...... 16 Research Studies .......................... 21 Program Contacts ……………….23 WEFIT Mission The Orange County Fire Authority Wellness and Fitness Program (WEFIT) serves to provide OCFA firefighters and professionals with knowledge, support and opportunities to improve their physical health, wellness and fitness in order to enhance job performance and overall healthy personal lifestyle. Table of Contents OCFA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report provides an update on the Orange County Fire Authority (OCFA) Firefighter Wellness & Fitness (WEFIT) program. The OCFA Board of Directors approved the program implementation June 26, 2003. The WEFIT program consists of the following components: Medical Exams & Fitness Assessment Immunization & Disease Screening Fitness & Conditioning Injury & Fitness Rehabilitation Behaviorial & Mental Health Data Gathering & Tracking All of the above program components are provided to OCFA firefighters on a voluntary basis and over the past seven years has been met with an 80%-90% participation rate. This has been an important factor contributing to the WEFIT program’s success and positive outcomes. Firefighters understand that their occupation is strenuous and physically demanding that without ongoing attention toward individual health and fitness, many more injuries and firefighter line of duty deaths would occur. The WEFIT program has focused on firefighter heatlh and wellness by considering the various physical demands, exposures, functional movement patterns, injuries and line of duty deaths to ensure that the WEFIT program continues to encourage, promote and provide the necessary program elements that help prevent, mitigate and avoid these occupational hazards. Since its implementation the OCFA WEFIT program has had several optimal outcomes in the areas of medical intervention, early injury mitigation, and improved fitness and conditioning. Through the years the WEFIT program has continually updated the information and services provided to OCFA firefighters to improve wellness, fitness and overall health measures as well as job performance outcomes. The WEFIT physical exam provides early medical intervention for medical conditions which if left un-checked could become more serious. Each year during the WEFIT medical evaluation medical conditions are identified and with early medical intervention have corrected or mitigated the condition from becoming worse. As part of the medical and fitness evaluation each firefighter is provided with a prescription to improve upon their individual health and fitness. Firefighters have the ability to improve their physical fitness and overall health outcomes by using fitness equipment provided at each fire station, consulting with Peer Fitness Trainers, attending quarterly WEFIT classes, participating in tri-annual fitness challenges or requesting assistance from the WEFIT Program Coordinator. Firefighters acknowledge that the WEFIT Program has provided them motivation and direction for reaching their individual health and fitness goals. Firefighters can also address minor muscle sprains, strains and pulls by using the injury and fitness rehabilitation wellness program. This early intervention, injury prevention program has been able to treat minor injuries and provide valuable injury prevention and physical conditioning education to firefighters seeking treatment to avoid more serious injuries that could result in lost time, more invasive treatment requirements and increased workers compensation costs. The progam data shows a high level of participation and a potential for significant cost avoidance outcomes. Executive Summary Page 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY To encourage and promote participation, fitness challenges are planned three times a year along with quarterly classes which help promote individual fitness and health through competitive fitness challenges and training and education. The challenges have been successful increasing employee participation and have resulted with improved employee morale and positive individual fitness and health outcomes. The quarterly classes have provided training and education on fitness and injury prevention strategies. The medical and fitness evaluation data continues to show positive outcome trends. The high risk factor of excess weight shows a downward trend in overall weight and in fitness a trending up in increased levels of fitness. This trend should provide for lower heart disease risk and a reduction of other health risks. The International Association of Firefighters and International Association of Fire Chiefs Initiative’s purpose was to improve the health and wellness of firefighters by establishing a program guided by “an overall wellness/fitness system which is holistic, positive, rehabilitation and educational.” The OCFA WEFIT program meets this purpose. With seven years experience and the many successful health and fitness outcomes, it can be said that if not for the WEFIT program the potential for firefighter injuries, illnesses and line of duty deaths would have been greater. The WEFIT program continues to make a difference for OCFA firefighters and professional staff which ultimately reflects on the service provided to the communities we serve. Organizationally, the program is aligned with the OCFA Strategic Plan and is part of the OCFA Fire Service Accreditation Performance Indicator which will insure that the program continues to support the OCFA mission. The evaluation of all program components either by program data or individual testimonies demonstrates that WEFIT has helped firefighters achieve a greater level of health and fitness. In addition, the noted research studies in this report have contributed toward firefighter health, fitness and safety. “Participating in the program myself, I am convinced that the WEFIT program has had positive outcomes in both changing the OCFA culture concerning health and wellness as well as giving our employees better tools to avoid illness and injury. With the Chief Officers leadership encouraging participation and the investment we have made in the WEFIT program pays dividends daily to the OCFA and to our employees’ quality of OUR MISSION life and job performance. I highly VISION encourage AND every OCFA member to ensure a long and healthy life by taking advantage of all the benefits offered by the MISSION WEFIT program. This is truly an opportunity that you can’t liveand without.” We enhance public safety meet the evolving needs of our communities County Fire Authority throughOrange education, prevention, and Fire Chief emergency response. Keith Richter VISION OCFA is a premier public safety agency providing superior services that in “The WEFIT program continues to result improve no lives orhealth property lost. We firefighter and fitness and reach the this through exceptional teamwork and strong quality of life of our members. With the partnerships in our community. various occupational hazards associated with firefighting, no greater investment could be made than to improving firefighter health and fitness through a holistic program like WEFIT. Our members continually express to me the various benefits achieved through the program. With the continued collaborative approach between our local and OCFA, WEFIT will continue to have a positive impact on our firefighters and the communities we serve.” Orange County Professional Firefighters Association, IAFF Local 3631 President Dave Rose Executive Summary Page 2 BACKGROUND Firefighter wellness and fitness gained national focus with the development of the 1997/2000 Fire Service Joint Labor and Management Wellness-Fitness Initiative. National trends in firefighter injuries, illnesses and line of duty of deaths supported the need to develop a comprehensive wellness and fitness program in the fire service. Ten major fire departments in the United States and Canada co-authored an initiative that was published by the Washington, D.C. offices of the International Association of Firefighters and International Association of Fire Chief (IAFF/IAFC). This initiative addresses multiple aspects of firefighter health and fitness and includes the following five recommended program components. Medical Examinations Fitness Evaluations and Physical Fitness Programs Immunization and Disease Screening Medical/Fitness/Injury Rehabilitation Behavioral Health Data Gathering and Reporting The initiative is intended to be implemented as a positive individualized program that is not punitive in nature. All program component results are measured against an individual’s previous examinations and fitness assessments and are not compared against a mandatory fitness standard requirement. However, medical practice standards may be used when exam results indicate that life saving intervention is required. Health and fitness recommendations are encouraged on a personalized basis. All medical information is kept confidential in accordance to all applicable medical confidentiality laws. The benefits of the wellness and fitness program described by the initiative include, but not limited to: greater cardiovascular and respiratory stamina and physical strength, decreased risk of death, injury or disability from disease or injury, improved work performance, reduce anxiety, stress, tension and depression, increased energy, self-esteem and employee morale, and enhanced recovery from strenuous and exhaustive work. The ultimate goals of these programs are to improve general health and physical fitness and increase career longevity with a holistic approach to overall wellness. The implementation of the OCFA WEFIT program began with the approval by the OCFA Board of Directors on June 26, 2003. The necessary starts up costs were funded through a cost-sharing agreement between the Orange County Professional Firefighters Association (OCPFA) in the amount of $579,912, and a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) grant in the amount of $476,600. The implementation of the program included medical exams and fit testing, immunization and disease screening and a standard complement of fitness equipment for the majority of OCFA fire stations. Fire stations with insufficient space for fitness equipment were provided a station membership to local commercial gym or could use an alternate location such as a college gym located in their first-in response area. To address behavioral health concerns, the OCFA Employee Assistance Program (EAP) is available for OCFA employees. The injury and fitness rehabilitation component was implemented in 2009. Although the data gathering and tracking component intended by the initiative to establish a nationwide depository of program data has not been established, the OCFA does collect aggregate WEFIT medical exam and fitness assessment data to identify trends and areas where improvement can be made to the WEFIT program. Background Page 3 BACKGROUND WEFIT Oversight Committee The success of the WEFIT program is a result of the high level interest involvement and cooperative efforts by the OCPFA and OCFA management and the support given by the cost-sharing agreement, FEMA grant and OCFA Board of Directors approving implementation and the ongoing costs of the program. Since the implementation of the program, teamwork has been a key ingredient toward optimal program outcomes. The success of the program has been centered on the mutual cooperation between OCPFA and OCFA management. Upon implementation of the WEFIT program, the WEFIT Oversight Committee (WEFITOC) was established. The WEFITOC consists of representatives from the OCPFA, the Orange County Employee Association (OCEA), the OCFA Chief Officers Association (COA) and OCFA management. The WEFITOC provides a venue to discuss and review program progress and identify necessary changes that will improve the program and enhance the positive impact WEFIT has on OCFA employees. While the focus of the WEFIT program is primarily targeted toward firefighters, all OCFA employees benefit from the health and wellness educational materials, classes and fitness challenges offered through the WEFIT program. The WEFITOC continues to meet quarterly to review program components including meeting with University of California, Irvine (UCI) Physicians to discuss physical exam and fitness assessment trends and proposed medical exam changes and receiving updates from UCI staff conducting research involving OCFA and/or other proposed program changes. Program Management Since implementation, the program has been under the Human Resources/Risk Management Section under the management of the Risk Manager. The Risk Manager has program oversight and the day-to-day responsibilities lie with the WEFIT Program Coordinator. This position is a two-year administrative assignment available to any full-time firefighter of the rank of Captain or below. A firefighter position is used as a way to better understand the physical demands of firefighting with what fitness conditioning is needed to maximize job performance and maintaining health and fitness. Just recently, as a result of a career ending injury to a firefighter/paramedic, and as part of the Americans with Disability Act accommodation process, this injured firefighter meets the job qualifications of a non-safety WEFIT Program Coordinator position and assumed these duties in August 2012. The program was financially started with the cost-sharing agreement with OCPFA and the FEMA grant. Since that time the cost of the program has been included in the annual OCFA budget with an annual cost of $591,335 and has remained consistent for the past three years. This covers the cost of: medical exams and fitness assessment testing, the injury prevention and fitness rehabilitation program, commercial fitness facility memberships, new/replacement and maintenance of fitness equipment, Peer Fitness Trainer training and certification, quarterly fitness challenges and participant incentives and educational material. Organizational Strategies The WEFIT program is aligned with the OCFA Strategic Plan and is part of the OCFA’s Fire Service Accreditation as a specific accreditation performance indicator. The second goal stated within the strategic plan is to “promote highly skilled, accountable and resilient workforce that is united in a common mission” and objective 2-F is to “develop and promote measures that manage the issues that could adversely impact their professional and personal lives.” Within the fire service accreditation, the performance indicator is providing a “healthy/physical fitness program.” The WEFIT program continues to meet these organizational strategies. Background Page 4 MEDICAL AND FITNESS EVALUATION The WEFIT medical and fitness evaluation is being conducted at the OCFA RFOTC. The exam location was moved from the UCI Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH) location to the RFOTC due to space constraints at UCI. Exams at the RFOTC began in September 2012. The medical and fitness evaluation take approximately 3 hours to complete and are scheduled twice a week on Mondays and Thursdays. Crews of four firefighters are scheduled for the exam in the morning from 9:00am to 12:00 noon, and another crew from 1:00pm to 4:00pm. Blood draws for laboratory blood analysis occur approximately 30 days in advance of scheduled exams. The medical evaluation process consists of the following: Comprehensive health questionnaire covering medical, occupational and other relevant histories performed by a physician Physical examination Musculoskeletal assessment Blood analysis Urinalysis Heavy metal and specific exposure screening for specific assigned firefighter assignments Hearing and vision test Pulmonary test (spirometry) Chest x-ray (initial baseline and repeat every five years Cancer screening Immunizations and infectious disease screening Review of medical tests with examining physician Exit consult with physician as an individualized assessment of health risks and recommendations The fitness evaluation consists of the assessment questionnaire followed by: Aerobic capacity treadmill Push up evaluation Leg/arm strength Grip strength Curl up evaluation Flexibility In 2012, the option of participating in a Functional Movement Screening (FMS) was included at the recommendation of the OCFA WEFIT Coordinator, Peer Fitness Trainers and the OCFA WEFIT Oversight Committee and an evaluation of the FMS by UCI WEFIT Medical Director and Exercise Physiologist. It is believed that the FMS will provide a better individual assessment and lead toward fitness improvement and injury prevention. The FMS identifies faulty movement patterns or compensatory movement patterns that are caused by tight or weak muscle or motor control (coordination issues). Faulty movement asymmetries cause mechanic stresses to the body that result in cumulative microtraumas and injuries. By using the FMS to identify dysfunctional movement patterns, particularly asymmetrical movement patterns, the WEFIT program will be able to develop specific solutions to correct problem areas that can lead to injuries. FMS data collected from the screening of Academy 31 members demonstrated a relationship between an FMS score of 14 or less and an increased likelihood of physical injury. The job demands of firefighters require working in a high injury risk environment. This risk is further increased by restricted movement in personal protective equipment and wearing or carrying heavy equipment. If a firefighter with poor movement patterns, who is already at an increased risk of injury by virtue of the job, is then placed into this restricted movement and weight-loaded environment, the risk of injury is further increased. As aggregate FMS data is accumulated it will be compared against injury data to help address problem areas and target common asymmetrical or dysfunctional movement patterns. This will be done through firefighter recruit fitness fair education, fire academy physical training programs, WEFIT quarterly classes and Peer Fitness Trainer outreach. Medical and Fitness Evaluation Page 5 MEDICAL AND FITNESS EVALUATION Biometric Outcomes and Trends The data collected shows that from the initiation of the WEFIT program in 2004 to 2012, the percent body fat has trended down. The percent of body fat charts shows the comparison. Body fat is defined as 25-29.9 being overweight; 30 or greater is considered obese. The FMS includes the following evaluation: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Deep squat Hurdle step In-line lunge Shoulder mobility Active straight leg raise Trunk stability push up Rotary stability AGGREGATE DATA SUMMARY Aggregate medical and fitness evaluation results are collected by the WEFIT program medical provider. The aggregate format provides for individual confidentiality. This provides an opportunity to review trends and determine improvements that can be made to improve overall health and fitness. While body fat is one of the health data elements collected, it is a leading health indicator. It is important to note its continued trend. As body fat continues to trend down, all other health elements should also experience positive exam results. In addition to heart risk factors, cancer screening resulted in the following outcomes: HEALTH DATA The medical evaluation biometrics data collected includes the following key health data: Body fat Blood pressure Hypertensive and taking medication Family history of heart disease Cholesterol HDL - C levels LDL – C levels Triglyceride levels Personal history of diabetes Fasting glucose Skin cancer being the most common detected and treated Medical Evaluation Outcomes With body fat trending down, the physical exam has had the following positive outcomes: Firefighters have an opportunity to improve their health and fitness between exams and use it as a motivator for improvement Early medical intervention has provided for early detection and treatment of medical conditions that if not treated could become more serious Medical and Fitness Evaluation Page 6 MEDICAL AND FITNESS EVALUATION FITNESS EVALUATION DATA The fitness data collected includes: Predicted treadmill VO2 max score Strength, endurance and flexibility testing Fitness Outcomes and Trends: The predicted treadmill VO2 max score represents a maximal oxygen consumption as the maximum capacity of an individual’s body to transport and use oxygen during incremental exercise, which reflects the physical fitness of the individual. The V represents volume, and O2 represents oxygen. Strength, Endurance and Flexibility Testing The V02 max measures fitness by the volume of oxygen an individual consumes while exercising at maximum capacity. The VO2 max is the maximum amount of oxygen in milliliters, an individual can use in one minute per kilogram of body weight. Those who are fit have higher VO2 max values and can exercise more intensely than those who are not as well conditioned. The charts below represent aggregate data from 2004 to 2011 and six months of the 2012 year. The data demonstrates that the VO2max scores, using the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) guidelines, are trending toward an indication of increased fitness levels. The aggregate data collected for this fitness measurement is collected based on age groupings. The data between 2004 to 6-months of 2012 shows moderate improvement levels between age groupings. Overall muscular strength, endurance and flexibility scores have varied slightly but not significantly. Of these measures flexibility and core endurance improvements would translate well to the physical demands of firefighting. Beginning 2012, the FMS was added to provide a better individual assessment and result in fitness improvement and injury prevention. The assessment of stability, mobility and flexibility will provide a more meaningful level of measurement as it relates to the risk of injury, injury prevention and physical performance. Medical and Fitness Evaluation Page 7 FITNESS AND CONDITIONING The fitness and conditioning program has several components that have been updated and revised over the past several years to maintain the highest level of firefighter participation and improve individual fitness and conditioning outcomes. Enhance overall health and safety On-duty physical fitness activities do not to interfere with the primary duties of the OCFA: responding to emergencies, providing public education or assistance, completing mandatory training or performing other assigned activities. During fitness activities, crews remain in a response ready condition. Fitness & Conditioning goals are: Maintain high level of firefighter participation through various fitness challenges Prevent injuries through fitness and conditioning Maintain a sufficient cadre of trained Peer Fitness Trainers as a key link to firefighter fitness and conditioning Use fitness evaluations results and worker compensation injury data to prioritize fitness and conditioning programs that mitigate and/or eliminate certain types of injuries Provide a standard complement of fitness equipment to all fire stations that have sufficient physical space and provide gym memberships for those fire stations without adequate space Provide nutrition educational information Physical fitness resources have been provided for personnel at their fire station in the form of fitness equipment or through an OCFA approved alternate location such as a college or commercial gym membership. Alternate locations are within the respective fire stations immediate first due area do not result in delayed responses and approved on a case by case basis by fire management. Currently there are nine fire stations with commercial gym memberships. ON-DUTY FITNESS & CONDITIONING On duty fitness and conditioning is authorized for firefighters and is described in the OCFA Standard Operating Procedure titled, “Physical Fitness Program Procedures.” These procedures are designed to assist OCFA firefighters in achieving and maintaining optimal health and physical fitness and to avoid unnecessary risk of injury. The goal of the procedure includes programming that should: Meet physical job demands Reduce the risk of injury or illness FITNESS AND CONDITIONING Page 8 FITNESS AND CONDITIONING OCFA fitness and conditioning activities are designed to better prepare firefighters for firefighter activities, reduce serious injuries and promote a healthy lifestyle and optimize employee health. Activities that improve aerobic and anaerobic capacity, muscular strength and endurance flexibility and endurance are permitted. Recreational, competitive or contact sports is not part of the OCFA fitness and conditioning program and are not permitted while on duty. OCFA employees also can use the RFOTC wellness center. Firefighters and professional staff regularly use the wellness center before or after work hours or during the WEFIT sponsored “lunch-time” workouts. addition, injury data trends are reviewed and used to design and implement specific WEFIT training and education activities that will mitigate or prevent injuries. Peer Fitness Trainers A key component of the IAFF/IAFC Wellness and Fitness Initiative is the Peer Fitness Trainers (PFT) program. PFT’s are firefighters who have volunteered attend extensive training and continuing education courses and have received certification by the American Council on Exercise (A.C.E.). PFT’s encourage safe participation in fitness activities, though firefighter to firefighter guidance, class offerings, newsletters and other WEFIT programs. The PFT’s support the IAFF/IAFC Wellness and Fitness Initiative by volunteering their time and are provided numerous opportunities throughout the year to stay current on wellness and fitness strategies that address the unique needs of firefighters. PFT’s are responsible for sharing this knowledge with other firefighters by being available to answer health and fitness questions, performing individual fitness assessments and functional movement screening, developing individual fitness and exercise programs, and by actively participating in all of the OCFA WEFIT components. New Firefighter Recruits and Training Academy FITNESS AND CONDITIONING COMPONENTS The fitness and conditioning program consists of several components centered on optimizing firefighter health and fitness, preventing injuries, and optimizing job performance. Injury Follow Up The WEFIT Coordinator receives and reviews reported firefighter injury data on a monthly basis. When an injury is determined to have resulted from fitness activities, or due to faulty fitness equipment, a follow up is made to assist the injured individual to understand why the injury may have occurred and provide exercise instruction to correct faulty movement patterns and avoid continued injury or avoid a future re-injury. In One of several positive outcomes of the WEFIT program has been the incorporation of the WEFIT program into the firefighter recruit academies. Incorporating the WEFIT principles into the academy fitness program has provided for a more focused job related physical fitness program, less training related injuries, better fit recruits and higher completion rates of recruits. Having firefighter recruits attend pre-academy fitness orientations has also proven to be cost effective. It takes time, money and resources to get potential recruits into the academy and there is a cost if the recruit is injured, so WEFIT is a good investment. There is a significant cost if a recruit is injured or does not complete the academy due to an injury or unable to meet the physical demands of firefighting. Fitness Fair –Two fitness fairs are provided to potential recruits prior to the start of the academy. Recruits undergo fitness testing, are instructed in movement preparation, and participate in academy style workouts. FITNESS AND CONDITIONING Page 9 FITNESS AND CONDITIONING They are also are provided with a Physical Fitness Handbook and DVD that outlines what to expect during the academy and includes sample workouts, functional movement screening corrective exercises: and nutrition information. Functional Movement Screening – Is provided to help recruits understand their individual asymmetrical or dysfunctional movement patterns, so that they can work toward correcting them prior to the start of the academy. Injury prevention and rehabilitation for a healthy shoulder Alywn Cosgrove on Fat Loss Class attendees receive informational booklet, training aid or DVD along with incentives to encourage participation. Additional training and education is provided using a newsletter or a short video clip in the OCFA Monthly Video Briefing. FITNESS CHALLENGES Academy Physical Training –Recruits are provided a structured physical fitness program as part of their academy training. This is not only beneficial for successfully completing the academy, but serves as a foundation for career-long health and fitness. Recruits are instructed on physical training and an emphasis on flexibility and functionality. Annually there are three fitness challenges designed to increase employee fitness and wellness through engagement in physical activities and proper nutrition. These fitness challenges have resulted in large employee participation with exceptional health and fitness outcomes. The three challenges span seven months of the year, providing continual opportunities for employee involvement. Biggest Looser Challenge This challenge begins right after the New Year; and runs from mid January through April. The focus is on body fat loss and improved body composition, not just weight loss, through better nutrition and exercise. The nutrition component is provided through a presentation by a nutrition expert. In 2012 Alwyn Cosgrove, author of “The New Rules of Lifting” books, provided a nutrition presentation at the RFOTC on real world fat loss. A DVD of the presentation and a Fitness & Nutritional Handbook was provided to every fire station and to attendees. The fitness component was provided by OCA Peer Fitness Trainers (PFT) through body composition analysis, functional movement screening (FMS) and the provision of exercise instruction with sample exercise and corrective exercises. At the end of the challenge period, all participants were required to be checked through a PFT to note improvement. TRAINING AND EDUCATION Training and education are provided through a variety of mediums. Instructional training and education are provided through quarterly classes. These informative, hands-on courses are offered at both the RFOTC and at various fire stations. Examples of classes that have been offered include: Core strength and flexibility Knee health and injury prevention Nutrition In 2012 there were 250 participants, both firefighter and professional staff resulting in the following outcomes: High employee participation Improved nutritional habits by individuals Improved overall health and fitness levels Average loss of 11.25% of body fat percentage 90% of the weight lost was fat FITNESS AND CONDITIONING Page 10 FITNESS AND CONDITIONING Rowing Challenge The rowing challenge tracks meters rowed using a Concept 2 rowing machine and card reader, which all fire stations have as part of their fitness equipment complement. The goal of the challenge is for the month of April, to encourage participants to increase their activity levels through the use of the rower, a full-body conditioning exercise piece of equipment. All participants who rowed 30,000 meters were provided a participant t-shirt. Those individuals who rowed 100,000 meters or more, had their names included in a drawing for the opportunity to win a rower. Beginning in 2012 the rowing challenge will be extended to a two month period. as instruction on the proper warm-up and cool down techniques with an emphasis on proper form while using a treadmill for this activity. As an incentive, each participant will receive a WEFIT logo pedometer for participating and participants reaching 10,000 steps (5 miles) per day will be entered into a drawing for the opportunity win a home use treadmill. The outcomes anticipated with this challenge include: Increased employee participation due to challenge and price incentive Increased cardiovascular health Increased overall health due to increase in physical activity Increased employee morale Greater knowledge on proper warm-up via movement preparation training emphasis In 2012 there were 120 participants, both firefighters and professional staff resulting in the following outcomes: Increased the use of rowers utilizing proper form Increased endurance, flexibility, strength and explosive power Increased employee moral through the engaging challenge format and degree of difficulty of challenge Improved overall health and fitness from increased physical activity NEWSLETTER A quarterly newsletter is provided to all OCFA employees. This newsletter provides general health and fitness information, fitness tips, individual testimonies on benefit of WEFIT program, health nutrition information and an occasional healthy recipe suggestion. Mileage Challenge The Mileage Challenge is a new challenge to be presented in 2012 from October through November. It will be a two month run/walk challenge. Using WEFIT provided pedometer, each participant will log their miles for two months. PFT’s will issue the pedometers as well FITNESS AND CONDITIONING Page 11 INJURY/FITNESS REHABILITATION WELLLNESS The Injury/Fitness Rehabilitation Wellness Program was implemented in September 2009. This was the last component of the WEFIT program to be implemented. Through a request for proposal, a review of the proposals and visiting the providers proposed treatment facilities the WEFIT Oversight Committee (WEFITOC) selected Coury & Buehler Physical Therapy as the provider for this program. Coury & Buehler have treatment facilities in the cities of Brea, Orange, Anaheim/Anaheim Hills and Irvine which was added in April 2012. reported that the most common injuries were knees, shoulders, back, neck, and foot. Many minor muscle sprains and pulls go unreported which if not treated could result in lost time and a worker’s compensation claim. This program now provides firefighters an option to treat minor muscle strains and pulls and provides the OCFA an early injury mitigation measure to prevent a more serious injury. It should be noted that while the focus is on firefighters, the program is available and has been used by OCFA professional staff. The program goals consist of the following: The objectives of the program include the following: Utilize a “sports medicine” treatment model which includes prevention, early intervention, training, conditioning and progressive treatment. Preventing serious injuries through early injury intervention. Provide treatment, strength programming and “work-hardening” to firefighters returning to full duty; however may need additional strength conditioning. Provide physical therapy to workers compensation referred cases that may benefit from a sports medicine approach. Preventing injuries through early injury intervention Provide a treatment option for minor injuries such as muscle strains and pulls Provide a treatment option for firefighters on workers compensation using a sports medicine approach Provide additional work-hardening fitness for post injury and return to duty Reduce or avoid worker’s compensation costs utilizing a sports medicine approach PROCESS FOR USING THE PROGRAM This program is available to all OCFA employees. Employees must use personal time. No on-duty time is permitted and treatment must be for a work related injury. If treatment involves a worker’s compensation claim, then all applicable workers’ compensation procedures are to be followed. OCFA FIREFIGHTER BENEFITS Firefighters using this program benefit from the following: OCFA injury data notes that the majority of reported work-related injuries are in the category of minor sprains and muscle pulls. This is consistent with the OCFA Annual Workers Compensation report for 2012 which Treatment option is available to prevent a more serious injury Firefighters value to the organization recognized by providing this program Injury/Fitness Rehabilitation Wellness Page 12 is INJURY/FITNESS REHABILITATION WELLLNESS Injury rehabilitation and fitness education are combined providing maximum benefit to firefighter From August 2011 to July 2012 the participation numbers reflect the following: Number of Firefighters 237 Using the Program Total Number of Visits 791 Billed Average Number Visits Per Patient PROGRAM OUTCOMES Total Cost of 3.3 $49,833 The program has had various positive outcomes. The following represent key outcomes. INJURY PREVENTION/EARLY INTERVENTION Participation Since the implementation of the program there has been a steady increase in firefighter participation. It is believed this is due to firefighters sharing individual successful experiences and positive outcomes with their personal treatment of injuries with fellow firefighters. The program is having positive outcomes impacting firefighter health and wellness and avoiding more costly worker’s compensation claims. The following data is from August 2011 to July 2012: During the first year of the program the participation reflected the following: Number of Firefighters 237 Receiving Treatment Number of Firefighters 76 Using the program Reported Workers Comp 20 For Same Body Part Treated Total Number of Visits 579 Billed Average Number Visits Per Patient Total 11 Month Cost of 3.4 Percent of Total 84% Firefighters Not Reporting A Workers Compensation For Same Body Part Treated $34,630 Injury/Fitness Rehabilitation Wellness Page 13 INJURY/FITNESS REHABILITATION WELLLNESS between this program and the worker’s compensation system. Minor injuries that are untreated until becoming so severe that they are reported under the worker’s compensation program, have significantly higher costs. Below is the average incurred (projected medical and salary) costs reserved for the following types of claims: ECONOMIC OUTCOME Neck Back Shoulder Fitness Knee $31,634 $13,576 $11,878 $16,972 $17,032 When considering that the OCFA actuary projection estimate for worker’s compensation losses for FY 2012/13 are estimated at $9.6 million (at 50% confidence level) the avoidance and early intervention of injuries provides for an opportunity to maintain a healthy workforce and keep worker’s compensation costs from increasing. This program makes economic sense and pays for itself by cost avoidance. Using these average incurred costs, and assuming that all of the treated cases below would have been average claims, the following are potential cost avoidance estimates for common body parts treated: Body Part Average Incurred Cost Number Treated Cases Estimated Possible Cost Avoidance The cost per visit is $63 and the average number of visits is 3.3 resulting in an average per firefighter treatment cost of $207. This program is one of the OCFA’s worker’s compensation loss controls. Back $31,634 30 $949,020 Shoulder $13,576 29 $393,703 Fitness $16,972 11 $18,669 Neck $17,032 5 $85,160 Knee $11,878 14 $166,292 Good Case Management Bill Review WEFIT Major OCFA WC Cost Controls Light Duty FIREFIGHTER OUTCOMES Injury and Illness Prevention Program Another way to look at the economic outcome of this program is to compare the cost of treating the injury HEALTH AND WELLNESS The Injury/Fitness and Rehabilitation Program has had a variety of wellness outcomes resulting in participants not missing work or filing a worker’s compensation claim. Examples of these outcomes include the following: Firefighter had a severe sacroiliac joint dysfunction which was causing significant pain. Injury/Fitness Rehabilitation Wellness Page 14 INJURY/FITNESS REHABILITATION WELLLNESS He was having difficulty lifting, stepping onto the fire apparatus and completing work duties. He sought treatment, responded well, to and was able to continue working without pain. Firefighter was experiencing low back pain. The program provided treatment and established a core strengthening program which resulted in eliminating the pain and the firefighter continued working. Professional staff person experiencing shoulder pain and impingement from repetitive computer work and filing. Continued working and received treatment until pain was eliminated. Battalion Chief experiencing bicep and ankle strain is being treated and progressing well without missing work. Fire Captain with previous serious neck injury which included surgery was experiencing neck pain when performing normal work duties. The treatment he received eliminated the neck pain and with the instruction provided for strengthening the neck he was able to continue his work duties without pain. Firefighter injured wrist while working on a rescue from a car accident. Treatment decreased pain, increased range of motion and increased his wrist strength. As a result no missed work days. TESTIMONIALS “I came in with lower back pain from a work injury. Throughout my treatment, the stretches and exercises helped loosen my back. I feel significant difference from when I wake up and daily activities. I am now able to perform my job as I used to, thanks to the wonderful staff there. Thanks for the time and patience.” Jaime Torres, Firefighter appointment. The exercises, stretching, and massage – like torture all worked together to eliminate my pain. My mobility and shoulder health vastly improved, and I have the skills to hopefully prevent similar injuries down the road. Great facility, personnel and attitude.” Jacob Stein, Fire Apparatus Engineer “Thank you for helping with my back pain and getting to the root of the problem. The exercises and stretching program has and will continue to improve my condition. I was able to stay at work as a result of the physical therapy. Thanks again.” Bret Borg, Fire Apparatus Engineer “When I started here I had limited mobility and pain. I couldn’t get into or out of bed without pain. Within a month, I was back to doing full workouts with no pain. The treatment I received here is the reason for the accelerated recovery.” I will and have recommended to fellow firefighters to seek treatment for their injuries. I and other firefighters I have talked to, believe that this is one of the best things the OCFA has done to keep firefighters healthy and safe on the job.” Tyler Johnson, Firefighter “Came in with chronic back ache. Had off and on for 15 years. I’ve lived with some degree of pain constantly. I have gone to chiropractor for relief which works and allows me to continue work. I came in with pain level of 8 to 9, limited mobility, and walked crooked. After 3-4 weeks, I have no pain. It wasn’t until last week I realized I was pain free in my lower back. For years, what I had accepted as normal was no longer there. I can bend, move, and pick up things without fear of severe pain. This physical therapy is awesome!” Mark Bagley, Fire Apparatus Engineer “I was a little leery of physical therapy prior to my experience here. Each appointment built on the last Injury/Fitness Rehabilitation Wellness Page 15 WEFIT MAKING A DIFFERENCE The WEFIT program’s implementation goal was to address firefighter health and fitness. Now in the eighth year, is the goal being achieved and is the WEFIT program making a difference? The WEFIT program has had multiple optimal outcomes demonstrating that the goal is being achieved and that the program is making a difference in firefighter health and fitness. First and foremost, many individual firefighters have benefited by the WEFIT medical and fitness evaluation which has let to improved health, fitness and overall wellness. In a number of cases, significant medical issues have been identified through the WEFIT physical exam and corrected before becoming more serious or even fatal. Examples of these conditions include: cancer, cardiovascular blockage, and hypertension. Organizationally, firefighter health and fitness has developed into a new cultural norm, which in the long-term will help maintain or reduce costs associated with occupational injuries and illnesses. This cultural change will transcend to better job performance, wellness, health and fitness. Health and fitness experts say that even a modest increase in physical activity promotes health and may significantly lower the risk of coronary heart disease. With the WEFIT program averaging between 80-90% participation, coronary on-duty fatalities should decrease or be eliminated, and serious coronary disease injuries and illness should begin to trend down over time as the OCFA firefighter workforce continues to improve their individual fitness and health. DECREASE IN RISK FACTORS HIGH PARTICIPATION WEFIT Impact On Workers Compensation Is WEFIT impacting the OCFA workers compensation program? It is true that OCFA overall workers compensation costs have not trended down. Worker compensation costs are affected by many factors beyond an employer wellness and fitness program. With these multiple factors affecting worker’s compensation costs it is difficult to isolate the WEFIT effect alone. In fact, worker’s compensation costs across California continue to rise in part due to medical cost increases and additional worker’s compensation benefits such as increased amounts for permanent disability payments which are beyond the control of a wellness program. By the various WEFIT program outcomes noted in this report, it can be observed that WEFIT is having a positive outcome on developing an OCFA health and fitness culture. WEFIT Making A Difference Page 16 WEFIT MAKING A DIFFERENCE The WEFIT program represents part of the OCFA worker’s compensation cost controls as shown in the diagram below. Good Case Management Bill Review WEFIT Major OCFA WC Cost Controls Light Duty Injury and Illness Prevention Program Occupational Safety & Health The OCFA recognizes the personal and financial impact of injuries and illnesses and through the Occupational Safety & Health program and continues to take steps towards reducing the risk of injuries and illnesses. These efforts include: OCFA Strategic Plan Objectives 3-D and 1-M are focused towards improving the quality of injury and illness data trending and analysis and systematic reduction of risk A new injury and illness reporting system, beginning January 2012, that has improved the quality, accessibility and timeliness of data which is now analyzed for trends Occupational Safety & Health Committee (OSHC) monthly meetings to discuss and review injury and illness trends and prevention efforts OSHC subcommittees of the three most frequently reported injuries, station/section duties, medical calls and physical fitness have been established to conduct detailed analysis of these activities to develop objectives and action plans to reduce risk in these areas WEFIT Making A Difference Page 17 WEFIT MAKING A DIFFERENCE Individual Testimonials Dr. Leslie Israel, WEFIT Medical Director at the UCI Center for Occupational & Environmental Health offers these comments on the WEFIT program: “Firefighters tell me that they appreciate the fact that OCFA provides a WEFIT program for them. The WEFIT program components make a difference by directly and indirectly motivating a culture of healthy lifestyle behaviors. The WEFIT medical evaluation provides firefighters with a confidential, voluntary, non-punitive opportunity to get their individual health concerns addressed. I would estimate that at least 50% of the firefighters I see receive some type of healthcare recommendation. The ability of the OCFA to provide this type of health care feedback to a high-risk occupation certainly is making a difference on firefighter health and fitness and ultimately in serving our communities.” Rich Coury, MPT, and Board Certified Orthopedic Specialist and owner of Coury & Buehler Physical Therapy, OCFA’s Injury/Fitness Rehabilitation Wellness provider offers these comments: “WEFIT is making a huge difference in the lives of those utilizing the early intervention/injury prevention program. We have seen many OCFA employees who have acknowledged that they were certain they would have been off work if not for the early intervention program OCFA provides through Coury & Buehler Physical Therapy. The types of injuries we see range from minor sprains to more significant movement dysfunctions such as an impingement that without intervention would have progressed to more significant movement dysfunction requiring weeks of rest and missed work time or even had required surgery. We see many injured workers from various professions, both public and private. In our experience treating OCFA employees, we see them more motivated to remain working than any of the other professions we treat.” Each of the WEFIT Program Coordinators since the implementation of the WEFIT program share their experiences on WEFIT making a difference. Ken Harrison, Fire Captain (2004-2006) “As the first WEFIT Coordinator I can remember when there was no WEFIT program. Today we have a health and fitness culture that over time can only get stronger and have a greater impact on the OCFA. In addition, today the OCFA WEFIT Program is considered a model program that has been nationally recognized and a program that other fire departments look to as a model in developing their programs. The WEFIT program has not only made a difference to OCFA firefighters, but I believe it has also made a difference and has assisted other fire departments in developing their programs.” Michael Contreras, Fire Captain (2006-2008) “I believe WEFIT is making a difference by the culture change toward health and fitness that I have seen throughout the department. When I was the WEFIT Coordinator there were a number of firefighters who personally indicated to me that if not for WEFIT they may not have lost the excess weight, increased their strength and stamina, and found a medical condition (cardiovascular blockage) early enough to be treated and back to duty. WEFIT Making A Difference Page 18 WEFIT MAKING A DIFFERENCE Additional positive WEFIT outcomes include adding WEFIT to new firefighter recruits early and often during the firefighter academy through the pre-academy fitness fair and through their academy physical fitness and conditioning activities. Through the WEFIT program hydration study, a formal heat illness prevention and rehabilitation program was established and has been successfully used several times. The WEFIT program continues to make a difference to the fitness and health of OCFA firefighters.” Marty Driscoll, Firefighter Paramedic, WEFIT Coordinator (2008-2010) “Yes, I believe that WEFIT is making a difference in many ways. I often hear folks in the field say that they are trying to improve on weight loss, body fat, blood work, etc. before their next WEFIT exam. When I was hired 6 years ago, I had the impression in the field that being in tune with your health and paying attention to how you treat your body was just coming to the forefront of people’s attitudes. It seems that today it has become more the norm and regular exercise and a mindful diet have become commonplace in the fire stations. WEFIT has made a difference, and I believe will continue to make a difference in the lives of everyone who works for OCFA.” Peter Condy, Fire Apparatus Engineer/Paramedic (2010-2012 “I believe that the WEFIT program is making a HUGE difference in the overall wellness and fitness of our personnel. When I was fired hired I remember hearing about the program in the fire academy from the then WEFIT Coordinator. Within a few years I became a Peer Fitness Trainer and few years later I became the WEFIT Coordinator. I believe that the general atmosphere throughout OCFA has really transformed from where it was 10-15 years ago. Fitness is strongly emphasized at our stations and throughout the department. It is part of the routine, part of our daily schedule, and is a general expectation of our personnel to be fit and ready for duty.” Joletta Belton, Firefighter (2012 – present) “I think WEFIT is making a difference beginning with the WEFIT exam which helps firefighters know where they stand health and fit wise. In addition, I believe that the quarterly challenges seem to get the most participation. I have heard from field personnel that didn’t even participate in the challenge officially, but used the challenge as a motivator to get their health and fitness goals back on track and used it as a reminder to get more active and eat healthier. I also believe that the OCFA injury/fitness/rehabilitation wellness program has been beneficial. I believe that this program along with the use of the functional movement screening will help address movement dysfunction and help prevent injuries.” WEFIT Making A Difference Page 19 WEFIT MAKING A DIFFERENCE WEFIT Tools For Success In a 2009 article by U.S. Corporate Wellness, Inc it was noted that an effective wellness program must take into account three distinct areas: Organizational Culture, Available Resources and Individual Choices as noted in the graphic below. The article notes that anything less could limit overall wellness outcomes. The WEFIT program has these three areas which has made the WEFIT program successful. Organizational Culture Resources Individual Choices Organizational Culture – there is leadership at all levels promoting firefighter fitness and a health and wellness culture has developed and will continue to evolve. Resources – the necessary resources are provided to help maximize the potential for positive health and fitness outcomes Individual Choices - while cultural and resources are a focal point, the step towards long term optimal outcomes will be dependent upon assisting each individual in making the right choice for long term health and fitness. By the various testimonies noted in this report and the organizational cultural change, individuals are making the right health and fitness choices. WEFIT Making A Difference Page 20 RESEARCH STUDIES An important outcome of the OCFA WEFIT Program is the ability to use program components to address firefighter safety, health and fitness. This has resulted in conducting in-house studies, some times in collaboration with the University of California Irvine, Center for Occupational & Environmental Health (COEH). The voluntary participation of OCFA firefighters has assisted researchers in gathering the necessary information and biological samples required for these studies. be most practical for field implementation. The outcome of this study resulted in the establishment of an OCFA Standard Operating Procedure on Heat Illness Prevention and Rehabilitation. Heart Rate Monitoring OCFA STUDIES Hydration & Core Body Temperature To examine the effects of heat stress on the cardiovascular system, and hydration a core body temperature study was conducted with the voluntary participation of 126 firefighters. The study examined hydration status, exertion level, core body temperature and post incident body cooling techniques. The firefighters ingested a core body temperature capsule, provided pre and post activity urine samples, and wore a heart rate monitoring device during the course of the study. Core temperature and heart rate readings were measured and recorded during two 15 minute firefighting drills. At the conclusion of the drills, participants were assigned to one of four 20 minute rehabilitation stations to test the effectiveness of four separate cooling measures. The study determined that 91% of participants were dehydrated prior to commencing the firefighting drills, which highlighted the importance of pre-incident hydration. For the majority of participants, core body temperature did not peak until 5 minutes into rehabilitation, which indicates core body temperature may continue to rise even after cessation of physical activity. Even after 20 minutes of rest, few core body temperatures had returned to their baseline temperature. During the rehabilitation period, wet towels and cooling chairs proved to be similarly effective at reduction of core body temperature, but the wet towels were found to Heart rate monitors consisting of a chest strap and watch were provided to the firefighter recruits of three concurrent firefighter academies to measure firefighter exertion levels and recovery while engaging in firefighter tasks. The data collected provided valuable information toward a better understanding of the intensity at which firefighters work and how best to prepare to work at these exertion levels. It also provided firefighters information about their individual heart rate levels during firefighting; a benchmark for their personal fitness and conditioning goals. Heart rate monitors continue to be used at each firefighter academy and were issued to all safety personnel in 2008. The outcome of this study resulted in providing firefighters another tool to establish baseline heart rate parameters and a method for measuring their exertion levels so that they can train and prepare for the demands of their job. Functional Movement Screening Study During firefighter Recruit Academy 31, the Functional Movement Screening (FMS) was initiated. The FMS is a series of seven exercises that assess fundamental movement patterns in order to identify individuals who have movement dysfunctions or asymmetries. Based on the recruits’ FMS scores, the physical training program was tailored to correct the identified muscle asymmetries which can lead to decreased risk of injury and improved overall performance. Research Studies Page 21 RESEARCH STUDIES opportunity to volunteer and participate during their scheduled WEFIT exam. If they decide to participate, they completed a health and lifestyle questionnaire and provided blood and urine samples. The study is expected to be completed early 2013. The outcome of this study resulted in adding the FMS to the WEFIT physical exam and fitness evaluation as a way to provide firefighters specific, individualized information that can be used toward injury prevention and improved fitness COEH STUDIES Firefighter Cardiac Study The Firefighter Cardiac Study is a collaborative effort between the OCFA and the UCI COEH. The intent is to examine worker compensation heart related claims to stratify causes of cardiac related illness and identify strategies that can be implemented to prevent heart related illness. The UCI COEH is pursuing grant funding to be able to conduct this study. Firefighter Work and Obesity The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) funded a 2-year study of weight/obesity and related work factors among OCFA firefighters. The purpose of the Firefighter Work and Obesity (FORWARD) study is to investigate the work related and behavioral causes of obesity among firefighters. Although firefighters have a unique set of working conditions and are generally considered a healthconscious population, it’s reported that rates of obesity, cardiovascular disease risk factors and on duty heart attacks continue to be a leading cause of firefighter injury, illness and death at the national level. Firefighters Occupational Exposures The Firefighters Occupational Exposure (FOX) study is a joint effort involving the OCFA, UCI COEH and the California Department of Public Health. The study is intended to help understand the consequences of firefighter exposures to chemicals. Firefighters were provided information about this study and offered an Research Studies Page 22 WEFIT PROGRAM CONTACTS Orange County Fire Authority 1 Fire Authority Road Irvine, CA 92602 714-573-6000 www.ocfa.org Orange County Professional Firefighters Association IAFF Local 3631 1900 East Warner Ave, Ste G Santa Ana, CA 92705 949-486-3631 www.ocpfa3631.org WEFIT Program Contacts Joletta Belton, WEFIT Program Coordinator Office: 714-573-6836 Email: [email protected] Fausto Reyes, Risk Manager Office: 714-573-6831 Email: [email protected] WEFIT Program Contacts Page 23
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