A Shady Story: Awnings and Shade Trees Keep Homes Cooler Once upon a time, before air conditioning, many people diverted heat from their homes with window awnings and shade trees to stay cool when summer’s sun sizzled. By utilizing the tried and true ways to keep cool, customers may reduce electricity costs. By Priscilla Knight Heat travels through window glass, even when windows are closed. Low-Emissivity glass and window film reflect much of the heat, but because awnings and shade trees block rays before they reach windows, they deflect heat more effectively than interior shades. Awnings A 2007 study by the Center for Sustainable Building Research at the University of Minnesota found that awnings on a house in the Washington, D.C., area reduced overall cooling costs up to 14 percent.1 The United States Department of Energy estimates that awnings can reduce indoor temperatures due to sunshine by as much as 65 percent on south-facing windows and 77 percent on west-facing windows. Awnings also help protect furniture, drapes, and carpets from fading by blocking up to 99 percent of harmful ultraviolet rays. Awnings need to ventilate hot air they trap. Grommets (eyelets) or other openings along the tops and sides allow hot air to escape. Sideless Venetian awnings work well on east- and west-facing windows. Three-sided hood awnings block direct sunlight on south-facing windows. Hip awnings project out and down to accommodate windows that open outward. Some consumers today use awnings to shade patios and decks, especially outdoor living spaces that receive low western summer sun. Manufacturers claim that temperatures under these canopies are up to 20 degrees cooler. Awnings also work like sunglasses for people who want to enjoy an outdoor dinner by protecting their eyes. New Awning Materials Awnings in the 1900s, made of cotton duck, succumbed to solar rays: colors faded and threads tore during storms. Today’s acrylic fabrics repel water and resist mildew and fading. Easy Opening and Closing Old-fashioned, hand-cranked awnings captured rainwater in their folds during storms. Today, homeowners can use remote controllers or switches inside their houses to retract awnings automatically. On some models, sensors retract awnings when rain pours and wind blows. 22 Some people keep their awnings up all year. To protect fabric and mechanisms, and allow maximum solar heat into houses in winter, awnings should be closed or removed when days become cooler. Awning Restrictions The Minnesota study says awnings benefit entire communities, because reduced energy demand during the hottest time of the year decreases a utility’s power load. Less load saves costs and helps prevent blackouts.2 Many homeowner associations do not allow awnings, but some are reconsidering their rules. Virginia Run’s HOA in Centreville changed the architectural guidelines to allow awnings, but with restrictions. Shade Trees Shade trees can reduce air conditioning costs 12 to 30 percent. The air underneath a mature shade tree can be as much as 10 degrees cooler than above the tree, and the canopy cools as effectively as a 10,000-BTU air conditioner.3 Deciduous trees shade homes in the summer and drop leaves in autumn to allow in the warming sun. Consider a tree’s mature height and width, its adaptability to the Northern Virginia region (region 7), and root system before planting. Do not plant trees in utility rights of way to ensure branches will not grow into power lines and roots will not interfere with underground cables. See the landscaping guidelines at www.novec.com/page.cfm?id=86. Call Miss Utility at 811 before digging. Customers may need to obtain approval from their homeowner association prior to landscaping. Plant trees at angles where the sun is hottest. Tall oak, maple, and Japanese Zelkova trees provide excellent shade on the southern side of a house. Cherry, dogwood, and other small and medium trees block low sunshine on the western side. Awnings and shade trees save energy, furniture fabrics, and carpeting while inviting homeowners to enjoy cool, lower-cost comfort. 1 www.csbr.umn.edu/download/PAMA_FinalSummaryV2_1.pdf 2“Shades of Nostalgia,” by Ann Cameron Siegal, The Washington Post, July 12, 2008 3Rodale’s Practical Homeowner Northern Virginia Electric Cooperative By Priscilla Knight Rain poured one spring week in 1957. Cloth diapers on the indoor clothesline refused to dry. With newborn twins and two toddlers crying in need of changing, Elizabeth White sat on the laundry room steps and joined the crying. While grabbing his briefcase for work, her husband heard his exhausted wife and asked, “What’s wrong?” She lifted her head and blurted, “Don’t come home without a dryer!” A new General Electric clothes dryer arrived that afternoon from Woodward & Lothrop department store. Mothers and fathers today no longer have to depend on Mother Nature’s whims to dry clothes. Electric and gas dryers have advanced to make drying quick and easy. Unfortunately, traditional dryers use a lot of energy. A mechanical dryer in the 1800s involved a metal drum with holes the user turned over a fire. Washing machines in the early 20th century came with twin rollers for wringing water out of laundry to shorten clothesline-drying time. In the 1940s and ’50s, manufacturers started making electric and gas dryers. Currently, the United States Department of Energy ENERGY STAR program does not label clothes dryers because, DOE says, “There is little difference in the energy use between models.” But new technology makes today’s dryers more energy-efficient than Elizabeth White’s model in 1957. New models may earn the ENERGY STAR label in the near future. Traditional Dryers Traditional dryers continuously draw in air and heat it before pushing it through tumblers. The hot air absorbs moisture from wet laundry before being exhausted outdoors. Models with a steam option reduce wrinkles and static cling, and remove odors. Safety Warning: Steam can burn users; let the dryer cool before opening the door. Condensation Dryers Like a traditional dryer, a condensation dryer draws heated air through laundry loads, but instead of exhausting the air outdoors, a heat exchanger cools the hot air with ambient indoor air or cold water. Condensed ‘Don’t Come Home Without a Dryer!’ water vapor drains through a pipe into a collection tank, and the cooler, dryer air is run through the loop again. A condensation dryer is a good choice for apartments and condominiums that do not have venting ducts for dryer air and for homes where long intricate ducting would be required. Energy-Saving Dryers Heat Pump Dryers Heat pump dryers use less than half the energy required by traditional dryers, but they take twice as long to dry clothes — two to three hours. Europeans have long relied on heat pump dryers, but U.S. consumers have not warmed to them because the lower price of energy in the U.S. does not compensate for the higher cost of the machine. Mechanical Steam Compression Dryers Mechanical steam compression dryers absorb moisture from laundry and mechanically compress it into steam. This pressurized steam expands and is superheated before being injected back into the tumbler. Its heat causes more water to vaporize from clothing, creating Buying Tips: • Dryers with automatic moisture sensors save energy by turning dryers off when laundry is dry. • Dryers with stainless steel drums save energy, because stainless steel holds heat better than painted enamel. • Save money by buying a white dryer; colored machines cost about $100 more. • Locate the laundry room where venting is feasible. If not, buy a condensation dryer. May 2009 more steam and restarting the cycle. MSC dryers are twice as energy-efficient as traditional dryers, and they dry in half the time of heat pump dryers, but most U.S. appliance stores do not currently carry them. Hydronic Dryers While a traditional dryer uses an electrical element or a gas flame to produce heat to dry clothes, a hydronic dryer uses heated fluids. This new technology promises to reduce energy consumption up to 50 percent and clothes drying time up to 41 percent. Hydronic dryers received Underwriters Laboratory approval in January 2009. Technicians can use converter kits, which should be available in 2009, to convert existing traditional dryers to hydronic dryers. Safety Warning: Dryers cause more than 15,000 fires each year, according to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. When lint in the dryer or venting system builds up, it restricts proper air flow. The blockage can cause dryers to run hot and ignite accumulated lint particles. Consumers should remove lint each time they do laundry and have dryers professionally checked periodically to improve energy efficiency. Check the exterior vent opening to make sure nothing is blocking the air escape. Never dry items made of rubber, foam rubber, or plastic, or splattered with flammable substances. • High-efficiency washing machines wring out more moisture than traditional washers, requiring less dryer time. And their gentler washing method means less lint accumulates. Lint interferes with energy efficiency and can cause dryer fires. • Porcelain tops resist scratching more than painted enamel; some manufacturers sell work-station tops as an accessory. • Sound packages reduce dryer noise. 23 Understanding Do you want to know what your 1 7 Service Charge — Reflects costs a for NOVEC customers. The level of el 8 Distribution Services — This is t business. Note that the cost per kilowa power remains regulated by the State C will continue to collect this distributio 2 3 7 9 4 5 8 10 11 12 6 13 14 1 Account Summary — Shows bill payment activity from the previous month, along with a summary of the current charges. If this information does not match your records, contact NOVEC. 2 Message — Information about new services, programs or upcoming events will appear here. 3 Energy Usage Comparison — This chart builds and maintains your actual electricity usage history. 4 Additional ORU Contribution — Write in any amount you wish to contribute to this customer-funded program, which helps pay winter heating bills of your less fortunate neighbors. If you are an Operation Round Up participant, this amount is in addition to your 15 rounded-up contribution (see #13). 5 Is Your Phone Number Correct? — Your phone number is very important. If this number is incorrect, please write in the correct phone number. You may also call 703-335-0500 or 1-888-335-0500 to update your phone number or do so online at https://www.novec.com/forms/update.cfm. Have your account number handy. 6 Opt Out — Under the Virginia Energy Choice program, NOVEC must — unless you instruct us otherwise — provide your name, address, account number, and electricity usage information to competitive service providers. These CSPs may contact you with offers to become your electricity supplier, with NOVEC delivering the power. If you don’t want your information released, check this box. You may also call 703-335-0500 or 1-888-335-0500, or log on to www.novec.com to opt out or to reverse a prior decision. 24 you as a NOVEC customer-owner, rep determines CashBack refunds, which a 15 Price to Compare — If you were month is shown here ($0.0936 per kw suppliers. Northern Virginia Electric Cooperative Your Bill bill really means? Well, here are the steps to do so. associated with building and maintaining a reliable delivery system ectricity usage does not affect this cost. the price you pay for NOVEC to deliver electricity to your home or att-hour changes after the first 300 kwh delivered. The delivery of Corporation Commission. Even if you change suppliers, NOVEC on service fee. 9 Local Utility Tax — A consumption-based tax imposed by your local government on energy services. 10 Consumption Tax — A state tax based on the amount of electricity you consume. 11 Electricity Supply Services — This is the actual price per kwh you pay for electricity supply (generation and transmission). This is the portion of your bill that can help when comparing rates between alternative suppliers. 12 PCA Charge — Reflects monthly fluctuations in the cost of fuels used to generate electricity. Based on your kwh usage and approved by the SCC. 13 ORU Contribution — If you are an Operation Round Up participant, the amount your bill was rounded up will appear here. You can also write in additional ORU contributions on Page 1 of your bill (see #4). 14 — NOVEC refunds CashBack margins to resenting your share of the profits. NOVEC’s board of directors are based on the financial health of the Cooperative. to choose an alternate energy supplier, your price to compare this wh). Use this price to evaluate offers from alternative energy May 2009 NOVEC Offers Spring Electrical Safety Tips By Priscilla Knight Warm spring days draw many children outside to play and adults outside to work on their homes and gardens. Too often, these activities cause accidents and death when electrical safety is not heeded. The Consumer Product Safety Commission reports that 9 percent of electrocution deaths each year are caused by ladders contacting power lines while homeowners are cleaning their gutters, painting their houses, or trimming trees. NOVEC reminds residents to heed these spring safety tips: • Use a fiberglass or wooden ladder if you must work near overhead power lines and stay at least 10 feet away from the lines. Metal ladders conduct electricity. Never touch a person or object — such as tree limb, ladder or even a kite string — that has made contact with a power line. Call the power company immediately for assistance. • Inspect electric hedge trimmers and other power tools for frayed cords, broken plugs, and cracked or broken housings. Use only cords that are labeled for outdoor use. Check the cord’s label information for power requirements. Check extension cords to make sure they are not frayed or worn. Repair or replace damaged power tools. • Carry power tools by the handle — never by the cord. • Always unplug power tools that are not in use. • Store power tools indoors — never outdoors where they can get wet. • Never stand on wet or damp floors when using electrical tools. To be on the safe side, always wear closed-toed, rubber-soled shoes when using electric tools, because rubber does not conduct electricity. • Do not use long-handled swimming pool nets or tree-trimmers near overhead power lines. • Always call Miss Utility at 811 before digging on your property. Miss Utility crews will mark where underground power lines are located. • Plant new shrubs outside NOVEC’s right-of-way easement (usually 30 feet wide) and away from pad-mounted transformers, power poles and overhead lines. Overgrown plants can cause outages or fires. • Teach children to never play near pad-mounted electric transformers and substations. Make sure they understand what the posted warning signs mean. • Never fly kites or Mylar balloons near power lines. Make sure children understand this safety rule. If a kite or a Mylar balloon becomes stuck on a power line, do not touch it. Leave it alone. Call NOVEC for assistance at 703-335-0500 or 1-888-335-0500. Never release Mylar balloons outdoors; they have caused major outages when entangled in power lines, because the metal in Mylar conducts electricity. For more information on using electricity safely, visit www.novec.com and click on Power Kids on the home page and Safety under “Residential.” 25 Truck Decals Help Customers Identify Contractors By LaTina Lewis ustomer satisfaction and safety is top priority at Northern Virginia Electric Cooperative. To help customers better identify tree-trimming contractors working for the Co-op, the right-of-way department created “Contractor for NOVEC” truck decals. “Initially, the decals will be displayed on all Lewis Tree Service, Inc. trucks working on the NOVEC system,” says Rick Carpenter, contractor. “Lewis Tree Service handles our material tree work and may be on our system at any time depending on tree conditions. These new decals help ensure that Lewis Tree Service will be identified as a NOVEC contractor throughout their 3 1/2-year tree contract.” According to Carpenter, the right-of-way department’s other main tree-trimming contractor, Asplundh Tree Experts, does not have NOVEC contractor decals; however, a tree-trimming notice printed on a customer’s bill tells when they will be in the area. The decals are 12 inches wide. They concur with NOVEC’s graphic guidelines and will be visible on the Lewis Tree Service, Inc. trucks. If customers have questions about which contractors work for NOVEC, contact the customer service center at 703-335-0500 or toll-free at 1-888-335-0500 or visit www.novec.com. Light-Duty Pickups Increase Cash In NOVEC’s Pockets Photos by LaTina Lewis By LaTina Lewis n fall 2008, NOVEC’s transportation department NOVEC and all the other electric utilities are alternative fuel purchased 17 small, light-duty pickups. In the first two providers because they provide electricity. months of operation, the new pickups used Ninety percent of NOVEC’s light-duty vehicles, which are less approximately 40 percent less fuel compared to the larger, than 8,500 pounds gross vehicle weight, must be alternative heavier vehicles. fuel vehicles. The problem is that alternative fuel, such as “The total fuel savings today isn’t as great as it was last ethanol E85, is not available in the area NOVEC serves. Plus, August when gasoline was more than $4 per gallon, but it’s still the type of light-duty pickups that NOVEC needs are designed significant,” says Jim Moxley, senior vice president, to burn only gasoline. administration, substations & telecommunications. Moxley says, “Neither Chevrolet, Ford, Dodge, nor Toyota The Energy Policy Act of 1992 produces light-duty pickups that use both “... we realized that established the Alternative Vehicle Fuel gasoline and E85.” Program, which required alternative fuel In order to comply with the United States operating those larger providers to acquire alternative fuel Department of Energy’s regulation, NOVEC and vehicles was costing vehicles. other utilities had to purchase vehicles that were not more money, especially subject to the DOE regulations, which meant vehicles larger and heavier than the 8,500 pounds GVW. in fuel ...” “That’s why for many years, NOVEC had to purchase large, three-quarter-ton pickups, but we realized that operating those larger vehicles was costing more money, especially in fuel,” says Moxley. “But for the 2009 model year, the DOE granted NOVEC permission to purchase smaller light-duty pickups to replace the larger ones, which helps NOVEC save money and will contribute to the DOE goal of reduced consumption of petroleum-based fuels.” Customer Service Correction In the February issue of “Keeping Current,” there are several references in the article, “Customers Give Employee Customer Service” that need to be corrected. 26 The customers who helped Service Technician Joel Carl were Jim and Kathy Hogan. The niece referenced in the article is Mr. and Mrs. Hogan’s niece. NOVEC apologizes for the mistake. Northern Virginia Electric Cooperative Satisfied Customer Comment Elicits Response from CEO ny Cha son “Mr. Feuerberg, I wanted to drop you a note to let you know about a pleasant and professional experience I had with Brittany Chason, customer service representative. I sent an e-mail through your Web site requesting historic usage data for my home. The e-mail was quickly routed to Brittany who immediately gathered the data and responded to me via email. After examining the response, I realized I needed two additional months of data. I left a message on her voicemail and she called my house, politely introduced herself, and informed me that she would e-mail me before she left work. I received the information within minutes. Mr. Feuerberg, this is great service and much appreciated. Please personally offer my thanks to Brittany and any of her colleagues that may have assisted her. You should be very proud to lead such a fine organization with talented individuals like Brittany who represent you so well. “Dear Mr. White, ta Thank you for taking the time to write Brit me to compliment Brittany Chason. I am very proud that Brittany is part of our team, and I’m especially delighted that you wanted her to receive recognition for helping you with your inquiry. Among our many corporate goals is one to provide you, and all of our 141,000 members, with world-class customer service. I trust that all of your experiences with NOVEC will be as satisfying as this most recent one. Thanks, again, for taking the time to write. I appreciate the personal touch. Sincerely, President/CEO Stan C. Feuerberg.” Sincerely, James B. White.” Customer Energy-Saving Success Story Cheryl and her husband began reducing phantom electric loads in their home in mid-June of 2007. In that year, they saved $891 on their electric bills by using 44 percent fewer kilowatt-hours. They began by unplugging three TVs at night while sleeping, during the day when away at work, and when not in use. “We now plug the TVs and other audio and video equipment into power strips,” say the energy-savers. “We turn off the power strips when we’re not using the appliances.” They also turn off the computers and peripherals, microwave, coffee pot, and their overhead fan. The energy-savers realized they did not use many items for 19 hours a day, seven days per week, and the appliances were wasting money by consuming unnecessary electricity. According to Cheryl and her husband, they found that turning off the little things added up over time. These simple actions save electricity all year. Cheryl’s Family’s Electric Statements 2006-2008 Phantom Load reduction started mid-June 2007. 2006 Are you successful at reducing your electricity use? If so, send energy-saving tips to LaTina Lewis at P.O. Box 2710, Manassas, VA 20108-0875 or [email protected]. 2008 2007 Billing Period KWH Usage/Mo Electric Bill KWH Usage/Mo Electric Bill KWH Usage/Mo Electric Bill January 1466 $166.82 1500 $150* 731 $82* February 1329 $158.28 1386 $154* 679 $75* March 1208 $143.53 1122 $150* 666 $71* April 1425 $166.50 1066 $173 635 $96 May 1065 $127.03 969 $169 587 $92 June 1309 $97.31* 1124 $165 935 $89 July 1759 $155.57* 1201 $97* 1011 $90 August 2585 $264.35* 1162 $86* 1079 $64* September 1859 $196.63* 916 $52* 946 $25* October 1495 $135.19 745 $130 662 $102 November 1150 $134.01 643 $125 669 $102 December 1215 $81.12* 716 $41* 806 $90 July 2006 through June 2007, Cheryl’s family’s electric statements totaled $1,927.87. In July 2007 through June 2008, they conserved energy, and their electric statements totaled $1,036. They saved $891.87 when compared to the previous year. The energy-savers also began participating in Levelized Billing in 2007. *During these months, NOVEC refunded CashBack margins. 27 INVESTING IN OUR COMMUNITY HELPS Continues to Recruit Volunteers By Lori Spence The 2009 Polar Plunge for Special Olympics took place Saturday, Feb. 7, on the Virginia Beach oceanfront. 3,270 thrill-seekers braved the chilly Atlantic Ocean wearing nothing but swimsuits and zany costumes. NOVEC HELPS sponsored Kevin Vogt, son of Stafford Line Tech 1st Class Charlie Vogt, as he and his friends dived in. The 17th Annual Polar Plunge was the “coolest” event in the state benefiting Special Olympics, which raised more than $853,000. NOVEC also made a corporate donation to support Vogt. “It was a great day and the kids had a lot of fun,” stated Vogt. “Thank you HELPS and NOVEC for your support with the Polar Plunge. We really appreciate it.” On Saturday, March 14, the HELPS committee and NOVEC employees formed two teams to compete in the SERVE Bowl-A-Thon at BowlAmerica in Manassas. They raised $400. SERVE is a community outreach organization that helps provide food and shelter to the homeless. “We had a great time on Saturday getting together as a team for a great cause,” says Ginger Hamlin, HELPS vice president, who says she enjoyed the event with both of her daughters and her husband Bill. “I look forward to this every year.” Before the Bowl-A-Thon, several NOVEC employees and their family members volunteered for Project MendA-House by digging post holes for handicapped ramps. Project Mend-AHouse is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that solicits the skills of volunteer carpenters, plumbers, electricians, painters, and gardeners, matching them with people in need of minor home repairs and safety modifications. Robin Harper, HELPS activity chair, was among the NOVEC volunteers. “I do many projects at home,” says Harper. “But the satisfaction of doing this project far exceeds my home projects.” To receive information about Project Mend-A-House, visit their Web site at www.pmahweb.org. The Pajama Program provides warm pajamas and books to less fortunate children. By providing pajamas and books, the Pajama Program helps create a warm and nurturing bedtime environment for vulnerable youngsters living under difficult circumstances. HELPS member Marla Rouse is coordinating the project. She says, “Many of these children were abandoned or abused, some deprived of any love at all, and the PJs and books will make them feel valued and cared for.” If customers would like to help, they may donate new pajamas or books at any NOVEC office. For further information about the Pajama Program and how customers can help, visit www.pajamaprogram.org. Youth Tour Students Travel to Richmond Photos by Brian Wolfe Attorney General McDonnell encourages legislative participation During the Virginia General Assembly session, in February 2009, state senators and delegates continued their duty of creating laws that govern the Commonwealth. “These lawmakers make important decisions that impact every Virginian,” says Donna Snellings, NOVEC Youth Tour coordinator. To show the importance of the General Assembly session and teach the importance of being involved in its legislative process, Northern Virginia Electric Cooperative, in conjunction with Rappahannock Electric Cooperative, hosted its annual Richmond Youth Legislative Day. On Feb. 5, five local high school students traveled to Richmond to visit the General Assembly. They were: Chris Staats, Marjorie Baker, Ted Bajer, Tejas Aralere, and Mishal Akbar. “I had an amazing experience during the trip last June and during the trip to Richmond,” says Akbar. “It was an experience of a lifetime that many teenagers don’t get. I bragged to both my teachers and my friends about meeting then-Attorney General Bob McDonnell, and being recognized on the floor of the House of Delegates.” Students also visited with Lieutenant Governor Bill Bolling and their local representatives in the General Assembly, toured the Executive Mansion, the state Capitol, and attended the House of Delegates session. The students’ visit to Richmond completed their Youth Tour experience, which began in early June 2008 when they attended the Rural Electric Cooperative Youth Tour conference in Washington, D.C. During their visits to Washington and Richmond, the students spoke directly with legislators, learned from legislative aides and interns, visited historical landmarks, and made lifelong friends. “This experience helped them understand how to make a difference in their communities,” says Snellings. For more information about NOVEC’s Youth Tour program, please contact Donna Snellings at 703-392-1511 or visit the Web site at www.novec.com. Virginia House of Delegates in session • NOVEC and Rappahannock YT groups visit with Lt. Gov. Bolling. Front L-R: Mishal Akbar, Marjorie Baker, Katherine Sutphen, Bolling, NOVEC Youth Tour Coordinator Donna Snellings, Ted Bajer, Back row: Lori Veorse, Rodney Jackson, Tejas Aralere, and Chris Staats. 28 Northern Virginia Electric Cooperative Chairman: Wade C. House District 5 Nokesville/Haymarket/Bull Run Photos by Priscilla Knight NOVEC President/CEO Stan Feuerberg gives Hylton Performing Arts Center Executive Director Jean Kellogg a donation for the center. NOVEC has pledged $50,000 for construction of the center at the Prince William campus of George Mason University. Performances will begin in spring 2010. Vice Chairman: J. Manley Garber District 7 Woodbridge/Dale City/Montclair Secretary: Michael Ragan District 6 Lake Jackson/Buckhall/ All NOVEC offices will be closed Monday, May 25, to observe Memorial Day. The Operations Center is staffed 24 hours a day, seven days a week, even on holidays. To report outages or an emergency, call 703-335-0500 or toll-free 1-888-335-0500. Manassas Park/Bristow Treasurer: Walter Grove District 8 Fauquier/Stafford William Zilliott At Large James Chesley District 3 Fairfax County, South of Rt. 66 Cynthia Gilbride District 9 Fairfax County, North of Rt. 66 Loudoun County, South Riding Harry Harris District 2 Loudoun County, South of Rt. 7 Ann Wheeler District 4 Manassas/Gainesville Stan C. Feuerberg President and CEO Lomond Business Center 10323 Lomond Drive Mailing Address • P.O. Box 2710 Manassas, Virginia 20108-0875 703-335-0500 or 1-888-335-0500 www.novec.com May 2009 29
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