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Stanzas
Lines
Rhythm
Rhyme
Repetition
Rhyme Scheme
Alliteration
Onomatopoeia
Imagery
 Form
– a poem’s shape
the way the words and lines are laid out on
the page.
 Stanzas
– a group of lines in a poem
(like a paragraph)
◦ Each stanza is a separate emotion or idea
◦ Each contribute to the overall meaning of
poem
 Lines
– the main unit in a poem
◦ May or may not be a complete
sentence.
◦ It varies in length.
 Conventional/Traditional
forms
◦ Fixed rules – such as a set number of
lines or a repeating pattern of
rhythm or rhyme
◦ Examples: limericks
 Free
o
o
Verse – open form
Has rhythm like everyday speech
Does not have a regular rhyme
pattern
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Irregular/Open Forms
o
o
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May have rhyme
Usual shapes and patterns
Graphical Elements- help convey
meaning
o
Include position, appearance of words,
capital letters, lines and stanzas on a
page.
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Rhyme Scheme –the pattern of end rhyme
in a poem. It pattern sound is a new
letter.
Is the moon tired? she looks so pale
Within her misty veil:
She scales the sky from east to west,
And take no rest.
Christine Rosetti, “Is the Moon Tired?”
(a)
(a)
(b)
(b)
There was an old man with a beard,
Who said, “It is just as I feared!”Two Owls and a Hen,
Four Larks and a Wren,
Have all built their nest in my beard!
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Rhyme scheme aabba
a
a
b
b
a
The summer
still hangs
heavy and sweet
with sunlight
as it did last year.
The autumn
still comes
showering gold and crimson
as it did last year.
The winter
still stings
cold and clean and white
as it did last year.
The spring
still comes
like a whisper in the dark night.
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Let’s look at this
stanza of the
poem.
Identify the type of
figurative language
used.
Which senses are
being appealed to?
“The summer
still hangs
heavy and sweet
with sunlight
as it did last year.”
Personification:
Simile:
Touch:
Taste:
Sight:

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
Let’s look at this
stanza of the poem.
Identify the type of
figurative language
used.
Which senses are
being appealed to?
“The summer
still hangs
heavy and sweet
with sunlight
as it did last year.”
Personification:
summer hangs
Simile: as it did last year
Touch: heavy
Taste: sweet
Sight: sunlight
“The autumn
still comes
showering gold and
crimson
as it did last year.”
Personification:
Simile:
Sight:
“The autumn
still comes
showering gold and
crimson
as it did last year.”
Personification:
showering
Simile: as it did last
year
Sight: gold and
crimson
Personification:
Simile:
“The winter
Touch:
still stings
Sight:
cold and clean and white
as it did last year.”
Personification:
Still stings
“The winter
still stings
Simile: as it did last
year
cold and clean and white
as it did last year.”
Touch: stings, cold
Sight: white
The spring
still comes
like a whisper in the
dark night.
Personification:
Simile:
Onomatopoeia:
Sound:
Sight:
The spring
still comes
like a whisper in the
dark night.
Personification:
Spring still comes
Simile:
Like a whisper
Onomatopoeia:
whisper
Sound: whisper
Sight: dark night