10.12.2009 The Future of Steel Basic Principles and General Lessons Dr. Gunnar Still, Corporate Coordinator Environment and Climate Dr. Hans-Jörn Weddige, Head of Corporate Climate Policies 10.12.2009 ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe Future of Steel is governed by rules, regulations and restrictions Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2 Steel Making does not exist isolated and independent. It is governed by many laws, rules, regulations and restrictions • Physical laws and technological boundaries • Legal framework • Market restrictions and trade rules • Social framework Governments and society must make informed decisions on where and how to sensibly add extra rules and restrictions. Successful steel making requires to operate within these frames and continue to explore new sustainable ways forward. ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe 1 10.12.2009 Sources for Steel Making – Iron Ore and Scrap Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2 Iron Ore Supplies • Physically plentiful • Commercially increasingly restricted - National export controls - Consolidation and Monopolisation of Iron Ore Market • Rio Tinto – BHP Billiton Scrap as a substitute is used to its fullest potential • 40 year average return time Steel industry in 2050 will still depend on both inputs. • Availability must be ensured • Quality issues need to be addressed ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe CO2 and Climate Change – Impact of and on Steelmaking Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2 Steelmaking is a major source of anthropogenic CO2 Major R&D efforts • ULCOS: Collaboration of major steel companies (ArcelorMittal, Corus, ThyssenKrupp, etc.) - Industrial implementability not yet clear - Huge technical and economic uncertainties in upscaling - Natural replacement rate of equipment measures in decades CCS – a solution or a dead end? • CO2 does not disappear ULCOS II a) & b) ULCOS I CCR – ideas for a true future? ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe 2 10.12.2009 Carbon and the Future of Steelmaking Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2 Coal availability • Quality of coals • Availability of coking coals Biomass as an alternative? • Historic lessons in Europe disastrous • Quantity issue • Logistic barriers Future reducing agents • Hydrogen, Electrons, ? ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe Steel – Reason and Measure for our Activities Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2 Alternative Materials as a solution? • No! • OK, yes; but they will mostly be new steels… Future of Steel Demand • Continuing Demand Increase (all materials 2-3 x) • Shifting of Demand (Asia today, Africa ?) • Increased Pressure from Costumers and Users Future of Steel Use • Products and Lifestyles will change, but still requires “stuff” • Steel will remain the industrial backbone of the post-modern society ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe 3 10.12.2009 Framework Conditions required for successful solutions Fe2O3 & C => Fe & CO2 Steelmaking does not happen on its own, but needs favourable conditions. • Technical understanding • Economic attractiveness • Legal operating conditions Globalisation is not threat but working reality. • Global industry needs global level-playing fields Political and societal acceptance of steel industry as foundation for a sustainable future is key. Human Resource might be our overwhelming challenge of the next decades. ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe Stahl bridges the gaps to a climate friendly sustainable future! structural material for infrastructure Heat-treated heavy plate for high performance applications Mobile Cranes: Relation Lifting Capacity to Weight in use raised to 8:1 generator Functional material: only steel can transform motion in electricity and vice versa transformer electrical motor Grain-orientated Electrical Steel for effective energy generation Efficiency up to 99% ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe 4
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