HG 16 - The Heraldry Society

THE HERALDRY
GAZETTE
ISSN 0437 2980
THE OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER
OF THE HERALDRY SOCIETY
REGISTERED AT STATIONERS HALL
NEW SERIES 107
March 2008
FAREWELL
PERCY VANT
To contact the Membership Secretary, Ingrid Phillips, write to: PO Box 772, Guildford GU3 3ZX
phone: 01483 237373
email: [email protected]
1
BOOK BROWSER
Few cities have as
close
and
as
enthusiastic
an
association with their
heraldic symbol as
does Liverpool with its
Liver Bird.
The most famous
are the two 20 ft
copper green examples
that have graced the
towers of the Royal
Liver Friendly Society
Building on Liverpool’s famous Pierhead frontage
since 1911. The most frequently seen outside the city
are the red Liver Birds worn by Liverpool Football
Club’s players and supporters. In “The Little Book of
Liver Birds” (which with 270 pages and more than 350
excellent colour photographs is far from small). David
Cottrell has captured many further examples in a
variety of different artistic styles and media
throughout Merseyside and as far afield as
Portmeirion and London.
2
“We have something no zoo has ever seen,
no museums have ever secured, nor the
world’s wealth can buy – The Liver Bird”
(Eric Hardy, Liverpool Review July 1934)
The book was published to mark the 800th
anniversary of the first granting of a charter to
Liverpool by King John in 1207. From Liverpool’s early
days a bird has appeared on the seal of the city.
Whether it was a dove holding an olive branch or an
eagle associated with St John the Divine (and King
John) is a matter of some conjecture but by 1797 the
College of Arms blazoned the arms of the corporation
as “Argent, a Cormorant, in the beak a branch of
seaweed called Laver, and, for the crest, on a wreath of
the colours, a Cormorant, the wings elevated, in the
beak a branch of Laver”.
Before this time the bird itself had been described
as a ‘lever’ possibly derived from the Low Dutch word
‘lefler’ that actually means a shoveler duck or
spoonbill. Incidentally the cormorant does not eat
seaweed and does not, as it is often depicted, have a
crest. The author notes that it is the cormorant’s
smaller cousin, the shag which has a crest; a lucky
escape in terms of Liverpool’s heraldry, perhaps.
“Kismet, conjecture, sophistry, subterfuge and folly,
then, have all contributed to the creation of the
enigmatic beast we now call the Liver Bird. Perhaps
this persistent ambiguity explains why, even after the
coat of arms was spelled out, representations of the
bird refused to conform to type, fusing arbitrary and
incompatible features from the eagle, cormorant and
duck, to name but three.”
E-mail the editor at [email protected]
The Liver Bird depicted on the cover of
the book is found in the former Martin’s
Bank building (now Barclay’s) with the
Gresham grasshopper. Throughout the
building the Liver Bird is depicted in a
number of exotic styles, including ancient
Egyptian.
It is such a symbol of the city that even
the local newspaper The Liverpool Echo
shows the Liver Bird with a newspaper in
its beak.
Martin Davies
“The Little Book of Liver Birds”
Da v i d C o t t r e l l . P u b l i s h e d b y
Br e e d o n Bo o k s , D e rb y £9 . 9 9
Available on Amazon or through
Martin Davies 129 Turney Rd
London SE21 7JB.
2007 photographic competition
Our congratulations to Roger Callan of New York, who
won the 2007 Photographic competition with his
photograph of the heraldic lion outside the Police
Headquarters in Bratislava. This is reproduced right.
Roger commented that the Police Headquarters is
altogether a welcoming place, as evidenced by the
two telamones holding up the cornice above the
entrance, giving an indication of what visitors may
expect inside…….
This is the second time Roger has won the
competition. The judges hope that the excellent
standard of his entries this year and in 2005 will
encourage more entries in future.
Visit the website at www.theheraldrysociety.com
3
FAREWELL PERCY
by Pete Taylor
Some years ago Peter Field, a long time member of the Society, produced occasional
cartoons for The Heraldry Gazette. The then Editor, Graham Beck, suggested to Peter
that he might produce a regular cartoon, and so Percy Vant was born. His first
appearance was in February 1978 in The Gazette No, 72 reproduced here.
Percy has appeared regularly in
almost every edition of The Gazette
since that first appearance, almost
thirty years ago. The breaks occurred
mainly between March 1981 and
February 1982. Percy, however, was
not at fault but editorial and
publication problems caused his
non-appearance.
Two other absences occurred in September 1988
when Peter Field was moving house and in
December 1993 when he was ill. Naturally Percy
had to take a back seat when Peter Field said so,
but the Editor of the day managed to ‘cobble-up’
suitable excuses.
In June 2005 the Society’s funds made it
possible for Percy to appear in colour and has
continued to do so until his retirement but
somehow the writer thinks cartoons look better in
black and white.
Altogether, if my reckoning is correct, Percy, with
Peter’s help, has appeared 109 times.
This is a remarkable achievement and Peter Field should be congratulated. It can’t
have been easy to think up new ideas all the time. We hope Peter and Percy will enjoy a rest but we hope Percy
will don his tabard and visit us again when the occasion arises.
Percy Vant was born in the Spring of 1978 ably
assisted by Graham Beck in the role of midwife.
Graham who shortly thereafter was appointed Bursar
at the College of Arms edited the "Gazette" in those
distant days and had published several requests for
more cartoons. I obliged with several single frame
drawings and for the Spring issue of 1978 an idea that
I could only execute in strip form, the first of many
terrible puns, this one concerning a hungry sleeve,
"Maunch! Maunch!"
Graham promptly wrote to me asking if I could do
a similar strip for each issue. I agreed and he thought
up the name Percy Vant, a play on Pursuivant. And
4
PERCY and I
by Peter Field
thus began in Graham’s words, “the world’s first
heraldic strip cartoon."
To avoid treading on any contemporary toes, Percy
was set in the medieval and Tudor eras, his tabard
bearing France Modern and England quarterly. The
jokes were normally non-political although I did have
a dig at the Government when they ceased to fund the
Items for inclusion in the Gazette post to: The Editor, The Heraldry Gazette,
at the address given on page 15, or e-mail to: [email protected]
Royal Yacht and had “Britannia" laid up, a decision
that angered quite a number of people, including
myself. I drew a magnificent medieval ship with
heraldic sails bearing the arms of Burgundy sailing
along and a bystander asking if it was the Royal Yacht.
"No," Percy replies, "Here's ours." And a tatty little
boat with the quartered lilies and lions on the sail
goes past. We've had a lot of fun over the years, Percy
and I and that particular cartoon was always one of
my favourites.
In recent years. however, it has been harder and
harder to find ideas. Thirty years times four issues a
year equals one hundred and twenty cartoons, bar a
handful missed due to production or health problems.
One wonders how much heraldic terminology is
suitable for turning into a cartoon. Be that as it may,
finally the ideas ran out and it became time for Percy
to retire. There have been quite a few warnings that
this was imminent for, in several recent "Gazettes”,
Percy has referred to bis retirement in the Spring. And
I wonder how many readers noticed his ageing in the
last few issues indicated by the unobtrusive colour
change in his hair and moustache from blond to grey.
I can only hope that most of the “Gazette's"
readers have had something near as much enjoyment
from his adventures as I have had in drawing them.
The Royal Air Force Club was once again the venue
for the Anniversary Lunch this year. Sixty-six Members
and guests enjoyed a splendid meal and good
fellowship at this popular event. The speaker this
time was the Hon. Adam Bruce, Finlaggan Pursuivant to the Clan Donald. The younger son of the Earl of Elgin,
Adam is also cousin of Council Member Alastair Bruce, Fitzalan Pursuivant Extraordinary, who introduced him
with a reminescence of their childhood. Not only did we enjoy having a brace of Bruces, we also had no less
than three Pursuivants, since Peter O'Donoghue was also present. In his address Adam told us of the provisions
of the 1672 Act governing heraldry in Scotland, and entertained us with an account of the potential problems
it presented for a Scotch whisky company and more recently for Mr Donald Trump. Altogether a most
pleasurable occasion which was much enjoyed by all.
anniversary lunch
The deadline for contributions to the next Gazette is 1st May
5
The ARMS of the UNIVERSITY of
CENTRAL LANCASHIRE
by
Mark Turnham Elvins OFM, Cap.
BLASON: Per chevron invected of two points
downwards Azure and Or in chief a Paschal
Lamb couchant Argent nimbed and supporting
a Cross staff Or flying therefrom a Pennon
Argent and in base a rose Gules barbed and
seeded proper.
And for the Crest upon a Helm with a wreath
Or and Azure issuant from a Chaplet of roses
sans barbs two being manifest Gules leaves
Sable a Lion’s Gamb holding a Scroll proper.
On either side a Lion guardant proper
gorged with a Collar Vair holding in the interior
fore paw a Torch Gules enflamed proper and
resting the interior hind paw on a Closed Book
bound Gules edged and clasped Or the whole
upon a compartment comprising a Grassy
Mound vert.
This Coat of Arms of the University of
Central Lancashire contains a number of
symbols representing the University’s origins.
The upper part of the shield refers to the new
city of Preston, represented by the paschal lamb
and flag, which appear on the Preston coat of arms, and the background to the upper part is azure which is also
the field of the Preston City arms.
The lower part of the shield refers to Lancashire represented by the red rose, as appear in the arms of
Lancashire County Council. The red rose has a central position to symbolise Central Lancashire and the partition
line between the upper and lower parts of the shield is in the form of an arch alluding to the arms of the local
Harris Institute.
The Lancashire County Council coat of arms has two collared lions as supporters which are adopted here as
supporters of the University arms. However to make the distinction the lions faces are affronty which by all
accounts indicate the openness of the University. The lions are also shown holding torches and supporting
closed books symbolising the quest of higher learning.
The crest is a lion’s fore paw holding a scroll, indicating the University’s authority to award degrees. The fore
paw is shown issuing from a wreath of red roses and black leaves which refer to the logo of the former Lancashire
Polytechnic. In fine the motto Ex Solo Ad Solem, meaning from the ground to the sun, is taken from the Harris
Institute arms. This implies an exhortation for students to develop their full potential, which is declared to be
the prime purpose of the University.
As the University Chaplain (Catholic) I can only express disappointment at the lack of use of this fine armorial
achievement, which is invariably replaced with a double rose logo with black leaves. One could be forgiven for
mistaking this as indicating a new brand of chocolate or a blend of herbal tea.
6
E-mail the editor at [email protected]
GRANT of BADGE
Member Malcolm Howe has received a grant of a badge which commemorates his acquisition in May 2006 of
the Lordship of the Manor of Sharples in Lancashire. The grant features a beautiful illustration of the badge,
gilded with burnished pure gold leaf by the artist Dennis Field and engrossed in the fine hand of the College's
head scrivener, Keith Evans, who used a special script to commemorate Malcolm’s admission as a Liveryman
to the Worshipful Company of Scriveners.
Visit the website at www.theheraldrysociety.com
7
correspondence
September Gazette
I would like to comment on two items in the
September Gazette.
Baz Manning, in his article 'A Unique Gift',
mentions the alleged difference between the English
and Scottish ways of depicting a boar's head erased
(or couped). A few years ago, I was asked about this
difference, and I found that in medieval or Tudor
manuscripts (reproduced in modern books such as
Bedingfeld and Gwynn-Jones 'Heraldry', p.109;
Woodcock and Robinson 'The Oxford Guide to
Heraldry', p.39; and Koch 'Medieval Warfare', pp.118
& 119) most 'English' boars' heads were erased (or
couped) close when depicted on shields, and with
some neck showing when in crests (as on Lord Bassett
of Drayton's Garter stall-plate, 14th century). I have
come across at least two old Scottish examples of
boars' heads on shields showing a considerable
amount of neck: Gordon of Earldstoun 'as on an old
Seal' (Nisbet 'A System of Heraldry'), and Urquhart of
Cromarty (Innes of Learney 'Scots Heraldry').
The basic arms for the surname Hogg in Scotland
are: Argent, three boars’ heads erased Azure, armed Or.
If the Hogg family of which Mr Manning writes is of
Scottish origin, that would explain the boars' heads
being erased close. It would not, however, explain the
lack of the word 'close' in the English blazon.
The other article on which I wish to comment is
'High Sheriff of Lancashire'. It is unfortunate that,
although the High Sheriff is Mrs Ruth Winterbottom,
the shield depicted above her name is that of her
husband Mr Max Winterbottom. Mrs Winterbottom
would, of course, have an impaled shield with, to the
dexter, her husband's arms with her maiden arms in
pretence (as she is apparently an heiress), and to the
sinister, her maiden arms.
Roger Barnes,
Auckland, New Zealand
transaction. Individuals who can afford it may have a
basic grant; those with more to spend and wealthy
companies may enjoy a choice of optional extras. A
fiction is kept up of 'gentle birth' but the real criterion
is the ability to pay .
I have met young men who have done well in
business dealings and have a flash car , a large house
and all that money can buy and by adding a Coat of
Arms to their purchases seem to think that this gives
them a superior place in society .
It is time to stop and consider what should be the
proper purpose in granting Arms at the present day
and whether they should be less easily obtained .
Honours of all kinds have become cheap: the late
Pope canonized more persons in his papacy than in
the whole history of the Church before him: the MBE
(what Empire?) is as common as blackberries - just as
it was said in the first War that the MC “came up with
the rations”. Slowly we are are transforming the House
of Lords into a modern second chamber ; but why go
on handing out worthless peerages? If a member of
the second house did not automatically obtain a title
it would put an end to any possible sale of honours.
The College of Arms should discuss , consider and
resolve what is the right way forward for the granting
of Arms. This would also entail serious study of ways
in which money could be raised to cover the expenses
of the College. A small help might be to design and
register Badges quite divorced from granting Arms. I
believe that the Heralds missed a great opportunity
when 'logos' first began to become fashionable in not
jumping in and seizing a share in the market.
This may seem a purely negative response to the
debate but I would not claim the skills to produce
answers: however, on the verge of my 90th birthday
and a long-time Member of the Society I can, I believe,
see some of what is going wrong.
Michael R W C Holmes HonFHS
Kempsford Church
Further to the Rev. Ackerman's article in the
December Gazette. Kempsford Church is, indeed, well
An Exchange of Letters
worth a visit by Heraldry enthusiasts. The tower ceiling
(which was illustrated) is spectacular - take binoculars
May I take advantage of your invitation to join in
and a pillow for your head because the best way to
debate on the subject of "An Exchange of Letters" in
study it is to lie on the floor.
the current Gazette?
The heraldic mistake mentioned in the article
It is not, I think, unfair to say that the granting of
actually came to light when the Upper Thames
Arms has become little more than a commercial
8
Items for inclusion in the Gazette post to: The Editor, The Heraldry Gazette,
at the address given on page 15, or e-mail to: [email protected]
Decorative and Fine Arts Society prepared a Church
Record in 1991. Anyone familiar with NADFAS will
know that all their Church Records have to be accurate
and detailed.
The group was led by the late Robin Toogood who
was an architect and a stickler for accuracy. Robin who had not been particularly interested in Heraldry happened to know Sir Colin Cole and when he had
exhausted every avenue of research regarding what
looked like a shield charged with a ragged red
gauntlet, he wrote to the College.
For several years I have been blazoning the heraldry
which occurs in the various Church Records compiled
by the above Society but Kempsford predates my
involvement with them. However, when Robin's
widow, Meg, moved away from the area she gave me
Robin's file on Kempsford.
There is also a collection of kneelers bearing
shields. 1 think there are about twelve of them and
Robin Toogood’s
they have now been set behind glass to preserve the
drawing of the
needlework.
mystery shield
Although 1 have been into Kempsford church
which he sent to
several times 1 have never actually checked all the
Sir Colin Cole.
shields but Robin listed them as:
1. Robert, Earl of Gloucester. 2. Chaworth. 3. See of
Worcester. 4. Hugh de Audley. 5. Sir R. Monthemer. 6.
Sir Colin replied informing him that the shield See of Gloucester impaling See of Bristol. 7. Edward
would have been for Sir John Cornwall and the the Confessor. 8. Earl of Leicester or St. Mary de Pratis
extraordinary looking floppy gauntlet should have Abbey. 9. Archbishop of Canterbury. 10. Zouch. 11.
been a Lion rampant (Sir Colin’s drawing below).
Thomas de Spencer. 12. Lancaster. 13. de Clare. 14. Sir
John Cornwall 15. Sir John de Welles.
Arline Fisher
Robin had also asked about a shield blazoned as Or
a lion rampant sable and Sir Colin thought it was
possibly for John de Welles, Baron de Welles, 1350 1421.
Robin’s drawing of
the Welles shield and
Sir Colin’s response
(top of next column)
includes a charming
little sketch of the
lion - Ed.
The deadline for contributions to the next Gazette is 1st May
9
A PAPAL HONOUR
Anders Daae
The Order of Orange Nassau
The Order of St Silvester
It is always a great pleasure to learn that one of our
members has been honoured, particularly for services
relating to heraldry. Anders Daae, who lives in the
Netherlands, Is the chairman of the “Consoleutschap”
for Heraldry in the province of Groningen and of the
Heraldry Department of the Netherlands Genealogical
Association. For his contribution to heraldry in the
Netherlands he has previously been awarded the Order
of Orange Nassau.
He specialises in ecclesiastical heraldry and has
written several books on aspects of the subject. In
conjunction with the relevant prelates, he has been
largely responsible for the fact that coats of arms
which he designed for the dioceses of the
Archbishopric, the “Nederlandse Rooms Katholieke
Kerkprovincie” (Dutch Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical
Province), have been allocated, by Royal Decree, a
place in the register administered by the “Hoge Raad
van Adel” (Supreme Council of Nobility). With this
recognition, a specific shortcoming in this domain of
the restoration of ecclesiastical hierarchy in 1853 has
been eliminated. Besides the coats of arms of the
dioceses, he has also been responsible for the
generation of almost all the basilica coats of arms,
seals and flags. These basilica coats of arms have also
been formally acknowledged by Royal Decree. He also
designed the coat of arms and other attributes of the
Guild of the Holy Sacrament of Niervaert in Breda, and
arms for a number of newly-appointed bishops, other
clergy and parishes..
These specialised contributions have now been
recognised by the award of the Pontifical Honour, the
Order of St Silvester. We rejoice with him at this welldeserved recognition.
notice of lectures
Forward announcements of Heraldry Society lectures are always included in the Almanac of
Events published in each issue of this Newsletter. However, it has been suggested that some
members might find it helpful to receive an e-mail reminder a week before a lecture is to take
place. If any member would like to have this service please send the relevant e-mail address to
the Hon.Secretary with a request for it.
10
E-mail the editor at [email protected]
new programme
secretary
Council is pleased to announce the appointment of
Jeremy Goldsmith in succession to Howard Connell as
Programme Secretary. Jeremy gave the January lecture
about sledding flags. His Master of Arts degree was
obtained for Medieval Studies at the University of
London, and he is a specialist in genealogy. He is
presently Research Assistant to William Hunt, Windsor
Herald at the College of Arms.
the JBL
memorial fund
Council is considering a more flexible use of the JBL
Memorial Fund to better achieve its object of
spreading interest in heraldry amongst the young. It
would be very helpful to have the input of members
who are presently teachers, not least in relation to the
question of how heraldry might be fitted into the
national curriculum. The Hon.Secretary would be glad
to hear from any teachers or other educationalists in
the membership who would be able to help.
Visit the website at www.theheraldrysociety.com
11
THE REGALIA
OF HARTLEPOOL
by
Andrew Gray
Any of our members with connections in the antiques trade might look out for the Mayor's and Mayoress'
Chains
of
the
Borough
of
Hartlepool.
According
to
their
website
http://www.hartlepool.gov.uk/site/scripts/news_article.php?newsID=1279 these were stolen on New
Years Day; "a nasty disgraceful crime", according to the Mayor.
This fine late Victorian/Edwardian regalia, currently used by the Vice-Chairman and his consort of the
combined Borough, carries the arms of Hartlepool on both items. These are canting arms, showing a hart
standing by a pool, but with the extraordinary addition of a hound on its back. I understand that none of the
successive incarnations of the Borough has ever sought a grant or confirmation of this device, no doubt
believing that, since it is much older than the College of Arms (as evidenced by a seal ca. 1200), their right
was beyond challenge.
As a ceremonial display of these ancient arms, the chains are precious to Hartlepool, and their retrieval would
be very welcome. Anyone wanting to make use of these images in a lecture, for instance, will find them in
the Society's Image Library in the Turquoise (digital) section; apply to Andrew Gray
([email protected]) to download them.
12
Items for inclusion in the Gazette post to: The Editor, The Heraldry Gazette,
at the address given on page 15, or e-mail to: [email protected]
The deadline for contributions to the next Gazette is 1st May
13
almanac of events
april
2
5
7
16
Norfolk
Middlesex
Lancashire
Heraldry Society
Regimental Insignia - part 2
Heraldry at Rothamsted Manor, Harpenden
East Lancashire Arms
The Mark Elvins lecture:
The Heraldry of James II and his Cult
19 Chiltern/Middx Monks-at-Arms: Puzzles of Monastic Heraldry
19 Bath
Thornbury Castle and its Owners
19 Cheshire
Annual General Meeting
30 Yorkshire
The Arms of the City of York
Andy Anderson
Stuart Whitefoot
Chris Ward
Rt Rev Dr Geoffrey Scott,
Abbot of Douai
Andrew Gray
Catherine Constant
Hugh Murray
may
5
7
14
17
17
21
Lancashire
Norfolk
Isle of Wight
Chiltern/Middx
Bath
Heraldry Society
28 Yorkshire
Members’ Interests
Strangers Hall and its Heraldry
Visit to St Helen’s Church
Heraldry in the 21st Century
Annual General Meeting
The Scriveners Company Lecture:
The Development of the British Honours System
The Crest and Mantling
Tony & Philippa Sims
Clive Cheesman
Antti Mattikala
Jim Winstanley
june
2 Lancashire
4 Norfolk
28 Norfolk
Alan’s Choice
Public Meeting: Wings over Norfolk
Churches Visit: Paston Pilgrimage part 2
Derek Edwards
CONGRATULATIONS
On the 26th January 2008, at a Congregation of the University’s Regent House, Congress Committee member
Jane Tunesi of Liongam was admitted to the Degree of Master of Studies of the University of Cambridge. Jane,
a member of St Catherine’s College pursued her MSt in Local and Regional History over a two year period, the
title of her Thesis being ‘The Brewing Trade and its impact on Baldock, Hertfordshire c.1750 – 1850’. This
particular topic appealed to Jane as some of her forebears were involved in the trade, as well as the fact that
she is also a resident of Baldock living in a house that was built in 1735 by a member of the Pryor family who
were leading brewers and maltsters in the town.
The arms of
St Catherine’s College
14
E-mail the editor at [email protected]
corporate heraldry
award
The Heraldry Society’s Corporate Heraldry Award
was presented on December 1, 2007 to the University
of Calgary in Alberta, Canada.
Mr Roman Cooney BA MCS, (opposite right) VicePresident External Relations for the University,
accepted the award from Mr Thomas Hargreaves with
the magnificent arms of the University as a backdrop.
The award celebrated the colourful, clear and
accurate use made of the arms by the University.
The scroll, beautifully executed by David
Hopkinson, depicts the arms and badge of the
Heraldry Society, the Province of Alberta and the
University of Calgary as well as the Thistle to mark
that the original grant was made by Lord Lyon..
membership news
We welcome the following new members:
G. E. Downton
D. K. Rhodes
M. D. Whitehouse
R. W. Whitworth
C. Prothero-Waller
B. Lawrence
H. Ovington
Gibson Birch
H. Hattersley
M. Stanton
D. H. Whitehouse
E. Cole
S. Bellew
Kent
Lancs
Surrey
Worcester
Suffolk
Kent
Colchester
Herts.
Essex
Glocs.
Surrey
Herts.
Ireland
The Society has heard with regret of the death of
the following:
Dr J A Hutchinson
K Wallace
Visit the website at www.theheraldrysociety.com
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by e-mail to [email protected]
15
DIOCESE of MANCHESTER
by
Alan Fennely
In 1947 the Diocese of Manchester
celebrated its centenary and a lavish
volume was issued to commemorate
this event - especially given the cost of
colour printing immediately after the
war. The accompanying plate is from
the book with arms drawn by the late
Ellis Tomlinson. With the exception of
the City and the University coats of
arms, all those shown have been
abandoned or superseded and it is
interesting that Ellis was instrumental
in designing most of the new arms for
the Authorities after 1974. His
conversations on his discussions with
various civic leaders across the region
on designs were both illuminating and
amusing.
PERCY VANT
16
HERALD WITH A DIFFERENCE
by Peter Field
Published by the Heraldry Society, Charity Reg No 24156, Reg Office, 110 Ashley Gardens, Thirleby Road, Westminster, London SW1P 1HJ.
Printed by Masterprint Ltd, London, SE18 5NQ