2
5Y
7/3
5Y
7/2
2
3
4
5
I
Pleistocene
3
5Y
7/2
To
5Y
7/1
5Y
7/1
To
5Y
8/1
4
6
P
5
CC
Description
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE and UNLITHIFIED
MUDSTONE TO WACKESTONE
1
1
Color
Structure
CORED 0.0 - 6.6 mbsf
Sample
Section
Age
Meter
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAAA
AAA
AAAA
AAAA
AAAA
AAAA
AAA
Graphic
Lith.
CORE 1H
Disturb
SITE 1008 HOLE A
M
I
5Y
6/2
5Y
7/2
Major Lithologies:
This core contains pale yellow (5Y
7/3) very fine- to fine-grained,
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE to white (5Y 8/1)
UNLITHIFIED MUDSTONE TOWACKESTONE. Grains identified
include peloids, pteropods,
echinoderm spines, benthic
foraminifers, planktonicic
foraminifers, bioclasts, ostracodes,
sponge spicules and serpulid worm
tubes. The clay- to silt-sized fraction
contains micrite, aragonite needles,
and nannofossils.
Minor Lithologies:
Two minor lithologies occur. The
first, is a light olive gray (5Y 6/2)
UNLITHIFIED PTEROPOD
FORAMINIFER GRAINSTONE. The
major components in the pebble- to
fine sand-size are pteropod casts,
clean pteropods, planktonic
foraminifers, echinoderm spines, and
gray colored clasts. The second is a
light gray (5Y 7/1) PARTIALLY
LITHIFIED FLOATSTONE. The
cobbles present contain planktonic
foraminifers and pteropods.
General Description:
The floatstone interval in Section 5,
23 cm to 1H-CC, 13 cm contains
well-cemented parts which may be
parts of an entire layer. Serpulid
worm tubes are present on the top of
a hardground in Section 5, 35 cm.
SITE 1008
791
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CORED 6.6 - 16.1 mbsf
Color
Sample
Structure
Disturb
Section
Age
Meter
AA
AAA
AA
AAA
AA
A
AA
AAA
AA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
A
Graphic
Lith.
CORE 2H
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE and UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL MUDSTONE TO
WACKESTONE
1
1
2
5Y
8/1
2
3
S
I
3
5
4
6
5Y
6/4
Pleistocene
4
S
5
7
8
I
6
9
7
CC
Description
M
P
5Y
8/1
Major Lithologies:
This core consists of light gray (5Y 8/1)
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE to pale yellow (5Y 8/2)
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL MUDSTONE
TO WACKESTONE. In addition to
peloids, very fine- to fine sand-sized
grains include planktonic and benthic
foraminifers, pteropods (mainly casts),
bivalves, tunicates, ostracodes,
bioclasts and some phosphatic grains.
The matrix contains micrite, and
aragonite needles.
Minor Lithologies:
This core consists of light gray (5Y 8/1)
PARTIALLY LITHIFIED FLOATSTONE
to PARTIALLY LITHIFIED
FLOATSTONE TO PACKSTONE. Both
lithologies contain fine- to granulesized grains like planktonic and benthic
foraminifers, pteropods, ostracodes,
echinoderm fragments, gastropods,
lithoclasts and bioclasts. Nodules
appear in these lithologies with a
maximum size of 7 cm.
General Description:
In Section 4, 50 cm a hardground is
present, showing a flat upper surface
that is bored, whereas at the bottom
fragile pteropods are cemented
together. Carbonate nodules are
present in Section 3, 68 cm to Section
4, 105 cm. An interval with blackened
grains (probably phosphatic) occurs in
Section 4, 60-105 cm.
SITE 1008
792
SITE 1008 HOLE A
Color
Structure
CORED 16.1 - 25.6 mbsf
Sample
Section
Age
Meter
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AA
AA
AAA
AA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
Graphic
Lith.
CORE 3H
Disturb
SITE 1008 HOLE A
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE
1
Major Lithology:
This core consists of light gray to pale
yellow (2.5Y 8/2 to 2.5Y 7/4)
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE. In addition to
peloids, fine sand-sized grains include
planktonic foraminifers, benthic
foraminifers, bioclasts, pteropods,
shell fragments, intraclasts,
ostracodes, echinoderm spines, and
phosphatic grains.
1
2
2
I
3
3
4
4
2.5Y
8/2
To
2.5Y
7/4
F
Pleistocene
5
Description
Minor Lithology:
A light gray to pale yellow (2.5Y 8/2 to
2.5Y 7/4) PARTIALLY LITHIFIED
FORAMINIFER PACKSTONE occurs
in Section 3, 110 cm through Section
4, 120 cm. The sediment is
moderately sorted. Major allochems
include benthic foraminifers,
planktonic foraminifers, pteropods,
bioclasts, bivalve fragments, and
echinoderm spines.
General Description:
The sediments are slightly to
moderately bioturbated. Bioturbation
appears as grayish mottling.
6
S
5
7
I P
8
6
9
2.5Y
6/4
7
10
CC
M
S
2.5Y
8/4
SITE 1008
793
CORED 25.6 - 35.1 mbsf
Color
Structure
Sample
CORE 4H
Disturb
Section
Age
Meter
AAA
AAA
AA
A
A
AA
AAA
AA
A
A
AA
AAA
AA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
A
Graphic
Lith.
NANNOFOSSIL OOZE
S
1
1
2
5Y
8/1
2
3
I
4
6
General Description:
The sediments are moderately
bioturbated. Bioturbation appears as
color mottling. In Section 1, 136 cm a
carbonate nodule with blackened
grains occurs.
Pleistocene
5
2.5Y
7/2
5
7
8
I
6
9
7
10
CC
Major Lithology:
This core consists of light gray to pale
yellow (2.5Y 7/2 to 2.5Y 8/2)
NANNOFOSSIL OOZE. Major sandsized allochems include planktonic
foraminifers, benthic foraminifers,
peloids, sponge spicules, bioclasts,
echinoderm debris, ostracodes, and
minor shark teeth.
Minor Lithology:
Section 1 consists of a white (5Y 8/1)
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE. In addition to
peloids, planktonic foraminifers,
benthic foraminifers, pteropods, and
shell fragments occur.
S
3
4
Description
2.5Y
8/2
M
SITE 1008
794
SITE 1008 HOLE A
CORED 35.1 - 40.2 mbsf
Color
Structure
Sample
CORE 5H
Disturb
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AAA
AA
AAA
AA
Graphic
Lith.
Section
Age
Meter
SITE 1008 HOLE A
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE
1
2
2
3
3
4
CC
S
5Y
8/2
To
5Y
8/1
Pleistocene
1
Description
I
G
G
G
2.5Y
8/2
M
Major Lithology:
Pale yellow to white (5Y 8/2 to 5Y 8/1)
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE. Major sand-sized
allochems include planktonic
foraminifers, benthic foraminifers,
pteropods, bioclasts, lithoclasts,
echinoderm debris, and minor fish
debris.
Minor Lithology:
Section 3, 5-56 cm contains a pale
yellow (5Y 8/2) NANNOFOSSIL
CHALK. Interbedded in the chalk, two
pieces of packstones with foraminifers,
gastropods, and echinoderm spines
occur (Section 3, 10 and 20 cm).
Section 3, 56-103 cm consists of a
pale yellow (2.5Y 8/2) UNLITHIFIED
FLOATSTONE with Halimeda. In
addition to this dominating component,
echinoderm spines, peloids,
foraminifers, and bioclasts occur. At
the bottom of Section 3, 104-106 cm, a
FLOATSTONE with Halimeda occurs.
General Description:
Deposits of Section 1 through Section
2 are moderately bioturbated.
Bioturbation appears as mottling.
SITE 1008
795
1
1
2
G
P
CORED 40.2 - 49.7 mbsf
Color
Structure
Sample
CORE 6H
Disturb
Section
Age
Meter
AAA
AAA
AA
A
A
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AAA
AA
AAA
AAA
AAA
A
Graphic
Lith.
5Y
8/1
To
5Y
7/1
2
3
I
S
5
4
6
Pleistocene
3
4
P
8
7
CC
Major Lithologies:
Light gray to pale yellow (5Y 7/1 to
2.5Y 8/2) UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE and UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL WACKESTONE TO
MUDSTONE. In addition to peloids,
major sand-sized allochems include
benthic foraminifers, planktonic
foraminifers, bioclasts, echinoderm
debris, and blackened grains.
General Description:
With exception of the unlithified
floatstone interval, deposits are slightly
to moderately bioturbated. Bioturbation
appears as mottling.
I
6
9
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE and UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL WACKESTONE TO
MUDSTONE
Minor Lithologies:
Section 1, 40-50 cm contains a light
gray (5Y 7/1) UNLITHIFIED
FLOATSTONE with Halimeda debris
2.5Y and lithoclasts. Lithoclasts are
8/2 rudstones to grainstones with peloids,
echinoderm debris, planktonic
foraminifers, benthic foraminifers, coral
debris, bryozoans, and serpulids.
5
7
Description
S
M
5Y
8/1
To
5Y
8/2
SITE 1008
796
SITE 1008 HOLE A
CORED 49.7 - 59.2 mbsf
Color
Structure
Sample
CORE 7H
Disturb
AAA
AAA
AA
A
AAA
AA
A
A
AA
AAA
AA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AA
AAA
AA
AAA
A
Graphic
Lith.
Section
Age
Meter
SITE 1008 HOLE A
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL MUDSTONE
TO WACKESTONE
1
1
2
Major Lithology:
Pale yellow (2.5Y 8/2) UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL MUDSTONE TO
WACKESTONE. In addition to peloids,
silt- to very fine sand-sized allochems
are represented by bioclasts,
planktonic foraminifers, benthic
foraminifers, and tunicate spines.
2
3
Minor Lithology:
A light gray (5Y 7/1) NANNOFOSSIL
OOZE with planktonic foraminifers, and
minor benthic foraminifers occurs in
2.5Y Section 5, 80 cm through Section 6, 70
8/2 cm. In Section 5, the nannofossil ooze
is separated from the overlying
deposits by a 2 cm interval which is
richer in clay.
5
4
6
Pleistocene
3
4
Description
General Description:
The sediments are slightly to strongly
bioturbated. Bioturbation occurs as
mottling.
S
5
7
8
I P
S
6
9
7
CC
5Y
7/1
To
5Y
8/2
S
M
SITE 1008
797
Disturb
Structure
CORED 59.2 - 68.7 mbsf
Color
CORE 8H
Sample
Section
Age
Meter
AAA
A
AA
AAA
AA
A
AAA
AA
A
AAA
AA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
A
Graphic
Lith.
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE and UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL MUDSTONE TO
WACKESTONE
1
1
2
5Y
8/2
2
3
5Y
8/1
5
P
4
6
5Y
8/2
To
5Y
7/2
S
5
7
8
C
I
6
9
7
CC
P
S
M
Major Lithologies:
Light greenish gray to pale yellow (5Y
8/1 to 5Y 8/2) UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL WACKESTONE and
UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL MUDSTONE
TO WACKESTONE. In addition to
peloids, silt- to fine sand-sized
allochems are represented by
planktonic foraminifers, benthic
foraminifers, and bioclasts.
Minor Lithologies:
Section 3, 10-65 cm contains a pale
yellow (5Y 8/2) UNLITHIFIED TO
PARTIALLY LITHIFIED FLOATSTONE
with Halimeda debris, bivalve
fragments, lithoclasts, peloids, and
bioclasts. In Section 5, 0-40, 45-50, 7579, 90-113, and 115-150 cm, layers of
pale yellow (5Y 8/2) UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL WACKESTONE TO
PACKSTONE occur.
3
4
Description
5Y
7/2
General Description:
The deposits are slightly to moderately
bioturbated. Bioturbation occurs as
mottling, but also as well defined
burrows (e.g., Section 5, 62 cm).
SITE 1008
798
SITE 1008 HOLE A
S
1
1
2
Description
2.5Y UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
7/2 WACKESTONE and UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL MUDSTONE TO
WACKESTONE
S
2
3
CORED 68.7 - 78.2 mbsf
Color
Structure
Sample
CORE 9H
Disturb
AAA
A
AA
AAA
AA
A
AAA
AA
A
AAA
AA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
A
Graphic
Lith.
Section
Age
Meter
SITE 1008 HOLE A
5Y
7/3
Major Lithologies:
Very pale olive (5Y 7/3) to pale yellow
(5Y 8/2) UNLITHIFIED PELOIDAL
WACKESTONE and UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL MUDSTONE TO
WACKESTONE. Other allochems in
the sediments include planktonic
foraminifers, benthic foraminifers,
echinoderm debris, bioclasts, and
minor sponge spicules. The pale
yellow deposits are richer in aragonite
needles than the olive colored where
micrite dominates the matrix.
3
5
Minor Lithologies:
In Section 4, 30 cm, a piece of
PACKSTONE TO FLOATSTONE with
shallow water elements, such as
amphisteginid foraminifers, occurs.
Pleistocene
4
4
6
I
5Y
7/3
To
5Y
8/3
5
7
8
General Description:
In Section 4, 60 cm through Section 6,
115 cm, the pale olive and the pale
yellow sediments alternate in a
layering with variable thickness (1-15
cm). Contacts between both lithologies
are well defined. The remainder of the
core does not display primary
sedimentary structures. It is
moderately bioturbated.
6
9
7
CC
M
SITE 1008
799
5Y
8/1
Pleistocene
Pleistocene
2
Description
UNLITHIFIED LITHOCLASTIC
FLOATSTONE
1
1
UNLITHIFIED
LITHOCLASTIC FLOATSTONE
CORED 78.7 - 88.1 mbsf
Color
Structure
Sample
CORE 11X
Disturb
Section
Age
Meter
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
AA
M
Description
Major Lithology:
White (5Y 8/1) UNLITHIFIED
LITHOCLASTIC FLOATSTONE. Siltto sand-sized allochems include
planktonic foraminifers (many of which
are overgrown), shell fragments, and
bioclasts. Large (>2 mm) lithoclasts
are common within the core.
SITE 1008 HOLE A
Graphic
Lith.
Color
1
CC
CORED 78.2 - 78.7 mbsf
Sample
Structure
Disturb
Section
Age
Meter
AA
AA
Graphic
Lith.
CORE 10H
I
5Y
8/2
2
CC
Major Lithology:
Light gray (5Y 8/2) UNLITHIFIED
LITHOCLASTIC FLOATSTONE.
Sand-sized allochems include benthic
foraminifers, pteropods, and blackened
grains. Larger constituents include
large lithoclasts of foraminifer
wackestone.
Minor Lithologies:
Section 2, 14-29 cm contains several
layers of PARTIALLY LITHIFIED
PELOIDAL MUDSTONE TO
WACKESTONE.
M
1008A-12X NO RECOVERY
1008A-13X NO RECOVERY
CORED 106.8 - 116.1 mbsf
Color
Structure
Sample
CORE 14X
Disturb
Graphic
Lith.
Section
Age
Meter
SITE 1008 HOLE A
Description
CC
General Description:
Only rubble in core catcher
(downhole contamination) .
SITE 1008
800
SITE 1008 HOLE A
G
1
2
2
Pleistocene
3
S
4
Major Lithologies:
Pale yellow (2.5Y 8/2) UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL WACKESTONE and light
gray (2.5Y 7/2) UNLITHIFIED
BIOCLASTIC WACKESTONE.
Allochems include silt- to sand-sized
peloids, planktonic and benthic
foraminifers, shell fragments, and
2.5Y bioclasts. The clay- to silt-size fraction,
8/2
which comprises the matrix, consists
primarily of micrite and aragonite
needles, with minor amounts of
calcareous nannofossils. Aragonite
needles dominate in unlithified peloidal
wackestone, while micrite dominates in
unlithified bioclastic wackestone.
I
5
4
S
6
5
CC
M
Description
UNLITHIFIED BIOCLASTIC
WACKESTONE and UNLITHIFIED
PELOIDAL WACKESTONE
S
1
3
CORED 116.1 - 125.3 mbsf
Color
Structure
Sample
Meter
AAA
AAAA
AA
AAAA
AAAA
AAAA
AAAA
AAAA
AAAA
AAAA
AAAA
AAAA
AAA
AAA
AAA
AAAA
AA
Graphic
Lith.
CORE 15X
Disturb
Section
Age
SITE 1008 HOLE A
5Y
7/2
To
2.5Y
8/2
Minor Lithologies:
Light gray (2.5Y 7/2) BIOCLASTIC
PACKSTONE occurs in Section 5, 45 60 cm and in the Core Catcher, 0 - 12
cm. This entire interval is slightly
dolomitized. Dominant allochems are
blackened benthic and planktonic
foraminifers, and recrystallized skeletal
grains.
General Description:
Section 1 of this core contains large
lithoclasts of partially lithified mudstone
and bioclastic wackestone. The clasts
of the bioclastic wackestone contains
Halimeda, coral fragments, and
recrystallized skeletal grains. Halimeda
grains and smaller lithoclasts also
occur within the surrounding sediment.
Below 34 cm in Section 1, the
abundance of grains larger than 2 mm
decreases. In Section 4, 55-134 cm,
distorted beds occur in light gray
unlithified bioclastic wackestone, and
intercalated with overlying pale yellow
unlithified peloidal wackestone.
1008A-16X NO RECOVERY
SITE 1008
801
Figure 1 (Chapter 4). Key to lithologic symbols used in graphic lithology column on core description
forms.
Pelagic sediments
Calcareous nonpelagic sediments
Calcareous
Nannofossil
ooze
Foraminiferal
ooze
CB1
CB2
Calcareous
ooze
Nannofossil
chalk
Nannofossilforaminiferal
ooze
Mud and
small grains Unlithified
Mud
Mudstone
CB3
Foraminiferal
chalk
Partially
lithified
Wackestone
Grainsupported
Packstone
Lithified
Clay/claystone Shale (fissile)
N5
Mudsupported
Siliciclastic sediments
T1
Silt/siltstone
T3
Sand/
sandstone
Sand/silt/clay
T4
Silty sand/
sandy ilt
silt
N4
CB4
Nannofossilforaminiferal
chalk
CB5
Calcareous
chalk
CB6
T5
Silty clay/
clayey silt
T6
Sandy clay/
clayey sand
T7
Gravel
Limestone
N3
CB7
CB8
CB9
Small
grains only
Grainstone
T8
T9
Conglomerate Breccia
Siliceous
N2
Chert
Mud and
large grains
Floatstone
Large
grains only
Rudstone
SB7
Additional symbols
SR2
N6
Downhole
contamination
N7
Boundstone
A9
N1
SR3
SR1
Figure 2 (Chapter 4). Symbols showing drilling disturbance and sedimentary structures used for
core descriptions.
Drilling disturbance
symbols
Sedimentary structures
Soft sediments
Slightly disturbed
Contacts
Bioturbation, minor
(<30% surface area)
P
Pyrite nodule/concretion
Sharp contact
Bioturbation, moderate
(30%–60% surface area)
P
Disseminated pyrite
Bioturbation, strong
(>60% surface area)
Mn
Disseminated manganese
Discrete Zoophycos
trace fossil
G
Glauconite
Firmground
Scoured, sharp contact
Other primary features
C
Carbonate nodule
concretion
Scoured contact
with graded beds
Shell (complete)
V
Vugs
Gradational contact
Marine hardground
Moderately disturbed
Highly disturbed
Secondary features
Bioturbation
Sequences, Intervals
Shell fragments
Soupy
Interval over which primary
sedimentary structures occur
Brecciated
Hard sediments
F
Fining-upward sequence
C
Coarsening-upward sequence
Deformation
Fossils, general (megafossils)
Bivalves
Slightly fractured
Microfault (normal)
Pteropods
Microfault (thrust)
Reduction of particle abundance
Gastropods
Macrofault
Graded interval (normal)
Echinoderms
Fracture
Graded interval (reversed)
Planktonic foraminifers
Bedding
Benthic foraminifers
Planar laminae
Coral debris
Cross laminae
(including climbing ripples)
Solitary coral
Moderately fractured
Highly fragmented
Mineral-filled fracture
Injection
Drilling breccia
Probable compaction
fracture
Totally fractured
Tension gashes
Wavy lamination/beds
Wedge-planar laminae/beds
R
Red algae
Slump blocks or slump folds
Bryozoan
Cross bedding
Load casts
Graded bedding (normal)
Fish debris
Graded bedding (reversed)
Ooids
Contorted slump
Flaser bedding
Pellets
Vein
Lenticular bedding
Peloids
Convoluted and contorted bedding
Water-escape pipe
Scour
Current ripples
Lithoclast
Cross stratification
Isolated pebbles
cobbles/dropstones
Plant debris
Serpulid
3UHYLRXV&KDSWHU
7DEOHRI&RQWHQWV
1H[W&KDSWHU