Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: A
L3 & 4 Electrons and Bonding Review
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals
the number of what other part?
A protons
B
neutrons
C
nuclei
D energy levels
5. How are Bohr models of atoms useful if they do not
show the true arrangement of particles? p184
A
B
2. Which of the following occurs when substances
undergo chemical changes? p183
A Old atoms are destroyed and new atoms are
formed.
B
Atoms change from one element into another
element.
C
Atoms change in size and shape to form new
substances.
D Bonds between atoms are broken and new
bonds are formed.
C
D
They are useful for predicting how atoms will
bond.
They are useful for measuring the masses of
electrons.
They are useful for showing how energy is
stored in the nuclei of atoms.
They are useful for identifying the specific
places in which electrons are located.
6. You have been asked to draw a Bohr model of the
element carbon. How would you arrange the dots
that represent electrons? p184
A They would be embedded in a solid core.
B
They would be in rings around the nucleus.
C
They would be located in a central nucleus.
D They would be spread evenly in the shape of a
cloud.
3. Carbon can react with oxygen to form carbon
dioxide. Which of the following statements about
this chemical change is true? p183
A Carbon and oxygen atoms change into atoms of
carbon dioxide.
B
Carbon and oxygen atoms are rearranged to
form a new substance.
C
Carbon and oxygen atoms are destroyed as new
atoms are formed.
D Carbon and oxygen atoms have the same
properties as molecules of carbon dioxide.
7. Fluorine has 7 valence electrons. How many more
electrons does it need to achieve a full outermost
energy level? p186-187
A 1
B
3
C
7
D 10
8. The diagram below shows a Bohr model of an atom
of nitrogen.
4. The diagram below represents substances that
undergo a chemical change. p183
Which statement is true about the chemical change
shown in the diagram?
A Two atoms change into different elements.
B
Nine atoms are rearranged during the change.
C
Four atoms are destroyed and four new atoms
are formed.
D Three atoms are present before the change and
three atoms are formed.
According to the model, how many valence
electrons does the atom have?p185
A 2
B
5
C
7
D 14
1
Name: ________________________
ID: A
9. Nitrogen has one more valence electron than carbon
has. What can you infer about nitrogen’s location
on the periodic table? p186
13. What must happen for an ion to form? p194
A
B
A
B
C
D
Nitrogen is in the first group.
Nitrogen and carbon are in different groups.
Nitrogen is directly above carbon but within the
same group.
Nitrogen is directly below carbon but within
the same group.
C
D
14. Which of the following occurs when a sodium atom
forms a positively charged sodium ion? p194
A
10. Which group of the periodic table has a complete
set of valence electrons? p186
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
group 1, alkali metals
group 4, carbon group
group 7, halogens
group 8, noble gases
B
C
D
The atom loses one proton.
The atom gains one proton.
The atom loses one electron.
The atom gains one electron.
15. How do most ionic compounds compare with
covalent compounds? p195 & 197
A Ionic compounds have higher melting and
boiling points.
B
Ionic compounds can generally be reshaped
without breaking.
C
Ionic compounds are more likely to be liquids
at room temperature.
D Ionic compounds are good insulators of thermal
and electrical energy in water.
11. Which of the following atoms is least likely to
form chemical bonds with other atoms? p186
A
An atom must gain or lose an electron.
An atom must gain or lose a proton.
An atom must gain or lose a neutron.
An atom must gain or lose a nucleus.
a hydrogen atom containing 1 valence electron
a carbon atom containing 4 valence electrons
a neon atom containing 8 valence electrons
a sodium atom containing 1 valence electron
16. The diagram shows a change that occurs to a
sodium atom.
12. The following image shows a section of the
periodic table of the elements.
What is happening in the diagram? p194
Each atom of sulfur (S) has 6 valence electrons.
Which of these elements also has 6 valence
electrons? p186
A oxygen (O)
B
chlorine (Cl)
C
bromine (Br)
D phosphorus (P)
A
B
C
D
2
The atom is becoming an ion.
The atom is becoming radioactive.
The atom is changing to a different isotope.
The atom is changing to a different element.
Name: ________________________
ID: A
17. The diagram (above) shows the formation of a
sodium ion.
21. The diagram shows the formation of water.
Which of the following atoms might accept the
electron from sodium? p194 & Periodic table
A
B
C
D
carbon (C)
chlorine (Cl)
copper (Cu)
magnesium (Mg)
Which of the following occurs when water forms?
p196
A Two hydrogen atoms are destroyed to form
atoms of water.
B
One oxygen atom shares electrons with two
hydrogen atoms.
C
Two hydrogen atoms each give an electron to
an oxygen atom.
D One oxygen atom gives an electron to each of
two hydrogen atoms.
18. Between which of these pairs of elements is a
covalent bond most likely to form? p196
A
B
C
D
carbon and fluorine
sodium and chlorine
potassium and calcium
magnesium and oxygen
22. The diagram below represents carbon dioxide
19. Water is made up of units called molecules. Which
description best defines a molecule? p196
A
B
C
D
an atom that has gained or lost electrons
a solid ionic compound formed from a
three-dimensional pattern
an attraction between positively charged metal
ions and free electrons
a group of atoms, usually belonging to
nonmetals, joined by covalent bonds
Based on the type of bonding shown, which term
best describes a unit of carbon dioxide? p196
A ion
B
mixture
C
element
D molecule
20. How do covalent bonds form? p196
A
B
C
D
Free electrons move around positive ions.
Outer electrons on some atoms are destroyed.
Electrons are transferred from one atom to
another.
Atoms of elements, usually nonmetals, share
electrons.
3
Name: ________________________
ID: A
23. Covalent bonds form differently than ionic bonds.
How is the difference observed in the properties of
covalent substances? p195 &197
A Covalent substances have lower solubility in
water.
B
Covalent substances have higher melting and
boiling points.
C
Covalent substances are brittle and will likely
shatter if dropped.
D Covalent substances are better conductors of
electric current in solution.
26. Which property makes metals good conductors of
electricity? p198
A
B
C
24. A student is investigating an ionic compound.
Which property should the student expect to
observe? p195
A The compound should be a gas at room
temperature.
B
The compound should not dissolve when
placed in water.
C
The compound should have low melting and
boiling points.
D The compound should conduct electricity when
placed in water.
D
27. The diagram below represents a type of bonding.
25. Each atom of magnesium has 2 valence electrons.
Each atom of chlorine has 1 valence electron.
Magnesium and chlorine can form the ionic
compound magnesium chloride. How many atoms
of each element are required to form one unit of
magnesium chloride? (see Bonding Basics WS)
A
B
C
D
The electrons in a metal can move freely.
The positively charged metal ions attract free
electrons around them.
The electrons are shared equally by all of the
atoms that make up the metal.
The negative charge of the electrons cancels the
positive charge of the metal ions.
Which sentence best describes the bonding shown?
p198
A
B
1 atom of magnesium and 1 atom of chlorine
1 atom of magnesium and 2 atoms of chlorine
2 atoms of magnesium and 1 atom of chlorine
2 atoms of magnesium and 2 atoms of chlorine
C
D
Positive ions are fixed among freely shared
electrons.
Electrons are transferred from one type of atom
to another.
Atoms of different elements share electrons to
become stable.
Neutral atoms attract electrons from other
elements to become ions.
28. Which of the following is a property of metals?
p199
A
B
C
D
4
low melting poing
good electrical conductor
good thermal insulator
cannot bend without breaking