Year 10 physics revision questions foundation - waves
Q1.
(a)
The diagram shows a longitudinal wave being produced in a stretched spring.
(i)
Use the bold words from the diagram to complete the following sentence. Put
only
one word in each space.
A longitudinal wave is one in which the ..................................... causing
the wave is parallel to the ..................................... of energy transfer.
(2)
(ii)
Name the type of energy that is transferred by longitudinal waves.
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
The diagram shows water waves made by a wave machine in a swimming pool.
Every second, two waves go past a person standing in the swimming pool.
The waves have a wavelength of 0.8 metres.
Calculate the speed of the water waves.
Write down the equation you use, and then show clearly how you work out your
answer.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
Wave speed = ......................................... m/s
(2)
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(c)
The graph shows how the speed of deep ocean waves depends on the wavelength
of the waves.
What can you conclude from the graph?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 7 marks)
Q2.
The table shows the electromagnetic spectrum.
Three types of wave have been missed out.
(i)
Use words from the box to complete the table.
infra red rays
radio waves
X-rays
(2)
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(ii)
Which one of the following gives a use of gamma rays?
Put a tick ( ) in the box next to your choice.
to communicate with satellites
to see objects
to kill cancer cells
(1)
(iii)
Complete the following sentence by drawing a ring around the correct word in
the box.
energy
All electromagnetic waves move
gases
from one place to another.
particles
(1)
(Total 4 marks)
Q3.
(a)
The picture shows a speed gun being used to measure how fast a tennis player
hits the ball.
Some of the microwaves from the speed gun are absorbed by the ball and some
are reflected by the ball.
(i)
Complete the following sentence by choosing one of the phrases from the
box.
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longer than
the same as
shorter than
The wavelength of the microwaves reflected from the ball are
.................................................. the wavelength of the microwaves from the speed gun.
(1)
(ii)
Complete the following sentence by drawing a ring around the correct line in the box.
decrease slightly
When the ball absorbs microwaves, its temperature will
not change
increase slightly
(1)
(b)
The microwaves reflected from the ball have a higher frequency than the
microwaves from the speed gun.
The graph shows how the difference between the two frequencies depends on the
speed of the ball.
(i)
Describe the pattern that links the difference between the two frequencies and
the speed of the ball.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
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(ii)
The speed gun measures the difference between the two frequencies as 3200
Hz.
Use the graph to find the speed of the tennis ball.
Show clearly on the graph how you obtain your answer.
Speed of the tennis ball = .............................. m/s
(2)
(iii)
Which one of the following gives the reason why the data has been shown as
a line graph and not as a bar chart?
Put a tick ( ) in the box next to your choice.
Frequency and speed are both categoric
variables.
Frequency and speed are both continuous variables.
Speed is a continuous variable and frequency is a categoric variable.
(1)
(Total 6 marks)
Q4.
The diagram shows a plane mirror used by a dentist to see the back of a patient’s
tooth.
(a)
Use a ruler to draw a ray of light on the diagram to show how the dentist is able to
see the tooth labelled Z.
(3)
Page 5
(b)
Describe the image formed by a plane mirror.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Q5.
(a)
The diagrams show rays of light. Each ray strikes a surface of a glass block.
(i)
On the diagram draw the path of each ray through the glass block and out into
the air again.
(ii)
Label another angle on the diagram which is equal to the angle marked X.
Label this angle Y.
(4)
(b)
The diagrams show two beakers. Both beakers have a drawing pin inside as
shown.
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The first beaker is empty. The eye cannot see the drawing pin.
The second beaker is full of water and the eye can see the drawing pin.
Explain how the eye is able to see the drawing pin in the second beaker. You may
add to the diagram if it helps your answer.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 7 marks)
Q6.
Most young people can hear sounds in the frequency range 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz.
(a)
Tick the box beside the statement which best describes frequency.
the maximum disturbance caused by a wave
the number of complete vibrations per second
the distance between one crest of a wave and the next one
the distance travelled by a wave in 1 second
(1)
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(b)
Diagram X shows a trace on an oscilloscope screen.
(i)
Draw a trace on diagram Y which has a higher frequency than that shown in
diagram X.
(ii)
Draw a trace on diagram Z which has a larger amplitude than that shown in
diagram X.
(2)
(c)
Choose words from the list below to complete the following sentences.
higher
louder
lower
quieter
(i)
A musical note with a high frequency sounds ........................................ than
one with a low frequency.
(ii)
A noise of small amplitude sounds ........................................ than one with
large amplitude.
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
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Mark Scheme
M1.
(a)
(i)
oscillation
1
direction
1
correct order only
(ii)
sound
1
(b)
1.6
allow 1 mark for correct
substitution into correct equation ie 2 x 0.8
2
(c)
as the wavelength increases so does the wave speed
1
extra information eg wave speed increases faster between
0-40 m than between 100-140 m
or
not in proportion
1
[7]
M2
(i)
X-rays
infra red (rays)
radio (waves)
all three in correct order
allow 1 mark for 1 correct
2
(ii)
to kill cancer cells
1
(iii)
energy
1
[4]
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M3.
(a)
(i)
shorter than
1
(ii)
increase slightly
1
(b)
(i)
go up in the same ratio
or (directly) proportional or as speed (of the tennis ball) increases so does the
(difference in) frequency
accept as one goes up, so does the other
accept positive correlation
1
(ii)
20 (m/s)
allow 1 mark for showing correct method on graph
(ie horizontal or vertical line anywhere on graph)
if indicated by a cross, must be ± half square of correct
value)
2
(iii)
frequency and speed are both continuous variables
1
[6]
M4.
(a)
ray drawn from tooth to mirror to eye
1
angle I = angle R
judged by eye
1
at least one arrow in correct direction
do not credit conflicting arrows
1
if no ruler used maximum mark is 2
(b)
virtual
1
upright
1
[5]
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M5.
(a)
(i)
Ignore arrows on rays
perpendicular rays goes straight in and out
other ray refracts towards normal (not along)
emerges parallel incident ray (by sight) if refraction correct (ignore reflections)
for 1 mark each
3
(ii)
emergent angle marked Y if emerges parallel to right of normal
for 1 mark
1
(b)
straight ray to water surface refracts/bends
straight to eye/towards surface on right image correctly shown
or states the same mark prose only of diagram incomplete
any 3 for 1 mark each
3
[7]
M6.
(a)
number of complete vibrations per second
for 1 mark
1
(b)
(i)
correct trace (more waves), ignore amplitude
for 1 mark
1
(ii)
correct trace (higher amplitude), ignore frequency
for 1 mark
1
(c)
(i)
higher
for 1 mark
1
(ii)
quieter
for 1 mark
1
[5]
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