HighFour World History
Category D: Grades 11-12
Round 3
Friday, November 13, 2015
Answer #1:
Explanation:
Age of Discovery
Historians refer to it as the pioneer Portuguese and Spanish long-distance
maritime travels in search of alternative trade routes to ‘the Indies’, moved
by the trade of gold, silver and spices. The Age of Discovery can be seen as
a bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern era, along with its
contemporary Renaissance movement, triggering the early modern period
and the rise of European nation-states.
Answer #2:
Explanation:
Ma Huan
It was said that he was born Muslim, but was a Chinese who converted to
Islam when he was young, and his ‘Ma’ surname had nothing to do with
Muslim ancestry.
Answer #3:
Explanation:
Sonni Ali
He was born Ali Kolon. Under Sunni Ali’s infantry and cavalry many cities
were captured and then fortified, such as Timbukti (captured in 1468) and
Djenne (captured in 1475).
Answer #4:
Explanation:
Songhai Empire
This empire bore the same name as its leading ethnic group, the Songhai.
Its capital was the city of Gao, where a Songhai state had existed since the
11th century.
Answer #5:
Explanation:
India (Syriac: Beth Hindaye)
The community traces its origins to the evangelical activity of Thomas the
Apostle in the 1st century.
HighFour World History
Category D: Grades 11-12
Round 3
Friday, November 13, 2015
Answer #6:
Explanation:
Absolutism or The Age of Absolutism
It is typically used in conjunction with some European monarchs during the
transition from feudalism to capitalism, and monarchs described as
absolute can especially be found in the 16th century through the 19th
century. It is also characterized by the ending of feudal partitioning,
consolidation of power with the monarch, rise of state power, unification of
the state laws, and a decrease in the influence of the Church and the
nobility.
Answer #7:
Explanation:
Middle Ages
In Europe, the period saw the large-scale European Migration and fall of the
Western Roman Empire. In South Asia, the middle kingdoms of India were
the classical period of the region.
Answer #8:
Explanation:
Renaissance
As a cultural movement, it encompassed innovative flowering of Latin and
vernacular literatures, beginning with the 14th century resurgence of
learning based on classical sources, which contemporaries credited to
Petrarch, the development of linear perspective and other techniques of
rendering a more natural reality in painting, and gradual but widespread
educational reform.
Answer #9:
Explanation:
Classical Greece
Much of modern Western politics, artistic thought, such as architecture,
scientific thought, literature, and philosophy derives from this period of
Greek history. In the context of the art, architecture, and culture of Ancient
Greece, the Classical period corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th
centuries BC.
Answer #10:
Explanation:
Hanseatic League
It stretched from the Baltic to the North Sea and inland during the Late
Middle Ages and early modern period (c. 13th-17th centuries). The League
was created to protect commercial interests and privileges granted by
foreign rulers in cities and countries the merchants visited.
HighFour World History
Category D: Grades 11-12
Round 3
Friday, November 13, 2015
Answer #11:
Explanation:
Conquistador
The two perhaps most famous conquistadores were Hernan Cortes who
conquered the Aztec Empire and Francisco Pizarro who led the conquest of
the Incan Empire.
Answer #12:
Explanation:
Taoism
It denotes an obscure metaphysical force which is ultimately ineffable: ‘The
Tao that can be named is not the absolute Tao.’
Answer #13:
Explanation:
Ten Years’ War
It was the first of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the
other two being the Little War (1879-1880) and the Cuban War of
Independence (1895-1898). The final three months of the last conflict
escalated to become the Spanish-American War.
Answer #14:
Explanation:
Haitian Revolution
The revolution was one of the two successful attempts, along with the
American Revolution, to achieve permanent independence from a
European colonial power for an American state before the 19th century.
Answer #15:
Explanation:
Middle Passage
Voyages on this stage were a large financial undertaking, and they were
generally organized by companies or groups of investors rather than
individuals.
HighFour World History
Category D: Grades 11-12
Round 3
Friday, November 13, 2015
Answer #16:
Explanation:
James Cook
He joined the British merchant navy as a teenager and joined the Royal
Navy in 1755. He saw action in the Seven Years’ War, and subsequently
surveyed and mapped much of the entrance to the Saint Lawrence River
during the siege of Quebec.
Answer #17:
Explanation:
Martin Luther
He confronted indulgence salesman Johann Tetzel with his Ninety-Five
Theses in 1517. His refusal to retract all of his writings at the demand of
Pope Leo X in 1520 and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of
Worms in 1521 resulted in his excommunication by the pope and
condemnation as an outlaw by the emperor.
Answer #18:
Explanation:
Peace of Augsburg
It officially ended the religious struggle between the two groups and made
the legal division of Christendom permanent within the Holy Roman
Empire. The Peace established the principle Cuius region, eius religio, which
allowed Holy Roman Empire’s states’ princes to select either Lutheranism
or Catholicism within the domains they controlled, ultimately reaffirming
the independence they had over their states.
Answer #19:
Explanation:
Calvinism
Today, this term also refers to the doctrines and practices of the Reformed
churches of which Calvin was an early leader.
Answer #20:
Explanation:
Marburg Colloquy
The leading Protestant reformers of the time attended at the behest of
Philipp 1 of Hessen. Philipp’s primary motivation for this conference was
political; he wished to unite the Protestant states in political alliance, and to
this end, religious harmony was an important consideration.