Chemistry
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2.1
Properties of Matter
Sugar
2.1
Flour
Properties of Matter
Baking
Powder
Baking
Soda
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> Describing Matter
Describing Matter
Bamboo has properties
that make it a good choice
for use in chopsticks. It has
no noticeable odor or taste.
It is hard, yet easy to split,
and it is heat resistant. You
will learn how properties
can be used to classify and
identify matter.
How can properties,
used to describe,
matter be classified?
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2.1
Properties of Matter
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2.1
> Describing Matter
Properties used to describe
matter can be classified as
Properties of Matter
> Describing Matter
Extensive Properties
•The mass of an object is a measure of the
extensive or
2) intensive.
amount of matter the object contains.
1)
•The volume of an object is a measure of
the space occupied by the object.
•An extensive
property is a property that
depends on the amount of matter in a
sample. Examples: mass & volume
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2.1
Properties of Matter
2.1
> Describing Matter
Properties of Matter
> Identifying Substances
Identifying Substances
Intensive Properties
An intensive property is a
property that depends on the type
of matter in a sample, not the
amount of matter. The hardness
of a bowling ball is an example of
an intensive property.
Why do all samples of a
substance have the same
intensive properties?
B.P., M.P., density, color,
malleability, ductility, texture,
conductivity (electric or heat)
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2.1
Properties of Matter
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2.1
> Identifying Substances
Properties of Matter
> Identifying Substances
This sculpture
of a falcon is
made of gold.
Gold is an
example of a
substance.
Matter that has a uniform and definite
composition is called a substance.
These kettles are mainly copper.
Copper is an example of a substance.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
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2.1
> Identifying Substances
Every sample
of a given substance
has identical
intensive properties
because every sample
has the same composition.
Properties of Matter
> Identifying Substances
A physical property
is a quality or condition
of a substance
that can be observed or measured
without changing
the substance’s composition.
Examples: M.P., B.P., texture, hardness,
color, conductivity, and malleability
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2.1
Properties of Matter
2.1
> Identifying Substances
Properties of Matter
> States of Matter
States of Matter
What are three states
of matter?
Solid, Liquid and Gas
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2.1
Properties of Matter
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2.1
> States of Matter
Solids
Properties of Matter
> States of Matter
Liquid
A solid is a form
of matter that
has a definite
shape and
volume.
A liquid is a form
of matter that
has an indefinite
shape, flows, yet
has a fixed
volume.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
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> States of Matter
Properties of Matter
Gases
> States of Matter
Animation 1
•Relate the states of matter to
A gas is a form of
matter that takes
both the shape
and volume of its
container.
the arrangements of their
particles.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
2.1
> States of Matter
Properties of Matter
> Physical Changes
Physical Changes
Vapor describes the
gaseous state of a
substance that is generally
a liquid or solid at room
temperature, as in water
vapor.
How can physical changes be
classified?
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2.1
Properties of Matter
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2.1
> Physical Changes
How can physical changes be classified?
or
irreversible.
• All physical changes that involve a
change from one state to another are
reversible.
• Cutting hair, filing nails, and cracking an
egg are examples of irreversible
physical changes.
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> Physical Changes
During a physical
change, some properties
of a material change, but
the composition of the
material does not change.
Physical changes can be classified as
reversible
Properties of Matter
As gallium melts in a
person’s hand, the shape
of the sample changes, but
the composition of the
material does not change.
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