Year 7 Geography Revision Guide
Geographical Skills
Britain
Rivers
Energy
Add the letters in the correct place on the grid below:
36
35
A – 5833
34
B – 6131
33
C – 5730
32
D – 5931
31
E – 6132
30
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
Write the four-figure grid references for the squares labelled below:
36
35
34
33
32
__________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
No
Add the letters in the correct place on the grid below:
36
35
A – 5833
34
B – 6131
33
C – 5730
32
D – 5931
31
E – 6132
30
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
Write the four-figure grid references
for the squares labelled below:
36
573________
35
61____________
34
59_____________
6_____________
_____________
_____________
33
32
31
30
57
58
59
60
61
62
Types of Erosion
Hydraulic action - the force of the river against the banks can cause air to be
trapped in cracks and crevices. The pressure weakens the banks and gradually
wears it away.
Abrasion - rocks carried along by the river, wear down the river bed and banks.
Attrition - rocks being carried by the river smash together and break into
smaller, smoother and rounder particles.
Solution - soluble particles are dissolved into the river.
Types of Transportation
63
Remember: Types of erosion and transportation are very
important to include in your answers!
Use the key words and explain them.
Upper Course (Youthful Stage)
Features: - V Shaped Valley
- Interlocking Spurs
- Waterfalls
Processes : Erosion
Waterfalls
Waterfalls are features of erosion usually found in the upper course (youth
stage) of a river.
They are found in areas where a river is flowing over bands of hard and soft
rock. The hard rock is slower to break down but the river can erode the soft
rock much quicker. A band of hard rock lies on an area of soft rock. The river
erodes the soft rock by the processes of hydraulic action (the force of the
moving water) and abrasion (the scraping of the rivers load against the banks
and bed). This causes a small notch to be formed into the soft rock which is
eroded further into a drop over which the water falls. As the water falls over
the drop there is a greater rate of hydraulic action and the rivers load also
scrapes and deepens a hole in the bottom of the waterfall. This hole is called a
Plunge Pool. The hard rock is slowly eroded and hangs over the edge called a
Overhang. This is eventually worn down by the river and is carried away as
the rivers load.
Middle Course
Features: - Meanders
- Ox bow lakes
Processes –
Erosion
- Deposition