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Ch. 15 (Atmosphere) and Ch. 17 (Climate) Review Guide
The Chapter 17-1 and Chapter 15 Test will be on: __________________________
Directions – Read each question carefully. Answer in complete sentences.
1. In almost every unit we learned about this year, the process of convection has been
mentioned.
- What is convection?
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- Describe one example of where convection was mentioned in THIS unit.
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Chapter 15 Section 1: Characteristics of the Atmosphere
1. A mixture of gases surrounding a planet is called the ________________________.
THE COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
2.The most common atmospheric gas is _______________________________________.
3.Phytoplankton and plants produce the atmosphere’s ____________________________.
4.Most water in the atmosphere is in the form of _____________________________.
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE
5.The measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface is called
_____________________________.
6. What are the 3 factors that affect air pressure? How does each relate to air pressure?
1. ____________________
2. ________________________
3. ____________________
LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE
LABEL each type of layer to match the description and describe the exosphere.
Exosphere
The atmosphere
layer where the
gases are in
layers, and
includes the
ozone in the
upper part of its
layer.
The middle
layer where
temperatures
decrease with
altitude, and is
the coldest
layer of the
atmosphere.
The atmosphere
layer closest to
Earth where
weather
happens and
gases are mixed.
The upper layer
of the
atmosphere
that is the
warmest and
where the
ionosphere is
located.
7. List the layers in order starting from Earth going upward into space:
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8. In the stratosphere, what happens to the temperature as altitude increases?
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9. Electrically charged particles are called _____________________________.
10. In polar regions, ions radiate energy as shimmering lights called ___________________.
Chapter 15 Section 2: Atmospheric Heating
ENERGY IN THE ATMOSPHERE
1. How long does it take the Sun’s energy to reach Earth? __________________________
2. List 3 ways that heat energy can be transferred.
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3. The transfer of energy as heat through material is called_________________________.
4. The transfer of energy by circulation or movement of a gas (warm air rising and cool air
sinking) is called ______________________________.
5. The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves from the Sun is called
___________________________________.
6. What are the 4 factors that interact to cause weather?
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__________________
__________________
________________
7.Explain the process that produces the greenhouse effect.
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8.A gradual increase in average global temperature is called _______________________.
9. What causes global warming?
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10. What human activities may increase the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?
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11. Use the terms below to label the types of heat transfer as shown in the diagram.
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
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This is the transfer of energy
as electromagnetic waves
___________________
These currents are created
as warm air rises and cool
air sinks
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The air near the surface is
heated by this …
Chapter 15 Section 3: Global Winds and Local Winds
WHY AIR MOVES
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1.What causes differences in air pressure?
a. even heating of the Earth
c. unequal heating of the Earth
b. even cooling of the Earth
d. increased heating of the Earth
______
2.The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure is called
a. dense air.
b. wind.
c. polar air.
d. vents.
______
3.Air is warmer and less dense than surrounding air at the equator because the
equator receives more
a. wind.
b. air pressure.
c. solar energy.
d. radiation.
______
4.Because air at the poles in colder and denser than surrounding air, it
a. rises.
b. sinks.
c. circulates.
d. stagnates.
______
5.After high pressure areas are created around the poles, cold polar air flows
toward
a. the equator.
b. the North Pole.
c. the South Pole.
d. the atmosphere.
6. Large, circular patterns of air movement are called ______________________.
7. Bands of high pressure and low pressure found every 30° of latitude are called
______________________.
8. When the paths of winds and ocean currents seem to curve because of the Earth’s
rotation, it’s called the ___________________________.
GLOBAL WINDS
Polar Easterlies
Write a brief description for each term below.
Westerlies
Trade Winds
Doldrums
Horse Latitudes
9. Narrow belts of high speed winds in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere that travel from
west to east at high speeds are called _____________________.
Answer the following based
on the map of global winds.
- Due to Earth’s rotation, the
___________________ Effect causes
global winds and ocean currents to be
curved or deflected in the Northern and
Southern hemispheres.
10. Name the wind belt that would affect each of the following locations:
a. Nome, Alaska which is 65North Latitude: ________________________________
b. Mexico City which is 20 North Latitude: ________________________________
c. Ramsey, NJ which is 41 N Latitude: ____________________________________
LOCAL WINDS
11. Identify if the following picture shows a land breeze or a sea breeze.
- Label the HIGH pressure area and the LOW pressure area.
- Draw the arrows showing how you know if it is a land breeze or a sea breeze!
- This picture shows a
_______________ breeze
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12.Which of the following are local winds?
a. mountain breezes
c. polar winds
b. convection cells
d. westerlies
13. Explain the difference between land and sea breezes.
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14. Explain the difference between valley and mountain breezes.
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INTERPRETING GRAPHICS
Use the diagram below to answer the questions that follow. When answering the questions
that follow, assume that ocean currents do not affect the path of the boats.
15.
If Boat A traveled to 50ºN, from which direction would the prevailing wind blow?
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16.
If Boat B sailed with the prevailing westerlies in the Northern Hemisphere, in which
direction would the boat be traveling?
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