Warm-up for 7-1
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Video - Impact of Economic Change
Can you name any handmade goods that you use
on a daily basis? What computer technology do
you use on a daily basis? In your opinion, is the
modern world to dependent on computer
technology? Why or why not?
Industrial Revolution social and economic
reorganization that resulted
from the replacement of hand
tools w/ machines & large scale
factory production
 interchangeable partsstandardized parts
 mass production- production of
goods in large quantities
 19th century America (began in
GB)
 Jefferson’s Embargo Act of 1807
& War of 1812 devastate
international trade
New England Industrialized
 Northerners depended upon shipping and
foreign trade-changed to manufacturing
 Textile mills- finished cloth or thread
Southerners stick to agriculture
 cotton gin- machine that cleaned the seeds from
cotton fibers
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invented by Eli Whitney in 1793
direct correlation w/ the expansion of slavery in 1800’s
American System
plan to unify the nation under Madison promoted by House Speaker
Henry Clay
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developing transportation systems
est. a protective tariff
resurrecting the national bank
industrial N would produce manufactured goods to sell in the S & W
agricultural S & W would produce grain, meat, and cotton needed in
the N
national currency & improved transportation system (facilitate
exchange of goods)
*U.S. would be economically independent*
Improvements in
transportation (1)
 railroads- fast, cross
any terrain, operated
in bad weather
 roads- fed. govt.
funded highwaysNational Road
 canals- Erie Canalstretched from
Hudson River to
Lake Erie
 paid off through tolls
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(2) Tariff of 1816- tariff designed to aid American
industries in N
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people (S & W) resented govt. intervention that would raise
price of goods
 (Clay & others supported because it was in our national interest)
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(3) 2nd (BUS) Bank of the United States- national
currency made business easy to do
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(25 branches- the govt. deposits its funds & managed finances)
“Era of Good Feeling” begins w/ Monroe presidency
Warm-up for 7-2
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How do members of a group make decisions?
Who should have the final authority? How is
the relationship between the group and its
members similar to the federal and state
government?
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James Monroe- 5th President (1817-1825) Democratic Republican
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“Era of Good Feelings” – political era of national pride & little partisan politics
coined after a good will tour to Boston following the inauguration
John Quincy Adams- Secretary of State that est. foreign policy guided
by nationalism
Nationalism-the belief that national interests should be placed ahead of
regional concerns or the interests of other countries
Supreme Court Boosts National Power
 McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
 CJ John Marshall influencing court
 Maryland levied tax on local BUS branch, hoping to make it fail
 Maryland denied right to tax the BUS
 **Strengthened federal govt. ‘s control over economy
 *other SC cases regulated commerce that crossed state lines
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today that includes air traffic, TV, & radio waves
J.Q. Adams Accomplishments as Secretary of State
1. Rush-Bagot Treaty (1817) demilitarized US & Canada
2. Convention of 1818 fixed U.S. border at the 49th parallel
3. Agreement w/ GB to share Oregon Territory for ten years
4. Adams-Onis Treaty-1819 Spain ceded Florida and gave up
claims to Oregon T.
Monroe Doctrine
 policy of U.S. opposition to
any European interference in
the affairs of the Western
Hemisphere (1823)
 Spain & Portugal looked to
reclaim former colonies
 Russia was moving south from
Alaska est. trading posts
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posed threat to American trade w/
China
Nationalism Moves West
 Reasons for movement
1. Escape debts or law
2. Economic gain
3. Social gains
NW Ordinance of 1787 had set guidelines for admission as a state
 1818-10 free states & 10 slave states until Illinois joined as the 11 th free
 Alabama was admitted in 1818 as the 11th slave
 Missouri requested admission to the Union in 1819
Missouri Compromise
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1820-Maine admitted as a free, Missouri as a slave state
Louisiana Territory split at the 36 30 N latitude
S of line slavery legal
N of line, except in Missouri slavery was banned
Henry Clay leads passage through Congress
Warm-up for 7-3
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Video- The American Presidents- J.Q. Adams
How would you react if you won the popular vote
for the presidency and more delegates than
anyone, but did not become President? Have their
been any presidential elections which sounds
similar to this scenario?
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John Quincy Adams- 6th
President (1825-1829) National
Republican
Andrew Jackson won popular
vote in election of 1824, not
majority of electoral
Henry Clay helped convince the
House in Adams favor
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Jackson left the Republican
Party forming- DemocraticRepublican Party (Today’s
Democrats)
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*later made secretary of state
Adams not effective as executive w/
Jackson sabotaging policies (Tennessee
Senator)
JQA reduced # of states that had
property qualifications for
voting (more white males)
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*would hurt party in next election
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Fun Facts - Do not copy
Four times a presidential candidate has won the election but lost
the popular vote.
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Electoral vote
States carried
Popular vote
Percentage
John Quincy Adams 1824 over Andrew Jackson
Rutherford B Hayes 1876 over Samuel J Tilden
Benjamin Harrison 1888 over Grover Cleveland
George W Bush 2000 over Al Gore
271
30
50,456,002
47.9%
266
20 + DC
50,999,897
48.4%
Attacks on Andrew Jackson
 Jackson's wife Rachel had been married to another man before
Jackson, and a question arose about when her first husband had
divorced her and when she began living with Jackson. The
explanation was that Jackson and his wife believed she had been
divorced when they first married, but there was (and still is)
some legitimate doubt about the timing. Jackson was accused of
adultery and vilified for running off with another man’s wife.
And his wife was accused of bigamy.
Attacks on John Quincy Adams
 John Quincy Adams began his career in public service by
working as the secretary to the American envoy to Russia when
he was still a teenager. He had an illustrious career as a diplomat,
which formed the basis for his later career in politics. The
supporters of Andrew Jackson began spreading a rumor that
Adams, while serving as American ambassador to Russia, had
procured an American girl for the sexual services of the Russian
czar. The attack was no doubt baseless, but the Jacksonians
delighted in it, even calling Adams a “pimp” and claiming that
procuring women explained his great success as a diplomat.
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Andrew Jackson- 7th
President (1829-1837)
Democrat
portrayed as the common
man & won the 1828
election by a landslide
spoils system- practice of
rewarding supporters w/
govt. jobs
“kitchen cabinet” name for
friends that became
primary advisors of
Jackson
2 different attitudes
towards Indians
1. displacement
2. absorb into culture
Indian Removal Act of 1830
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fed. govt. provided $ to negotiate treaties that would force NA to move
west
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Cherokee tried to use the legal system
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Worcester v. Georgia- won recognition as a distinct political community
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Treaty of New Echota- 1835-signed by Cherokee minority that favored
relocation
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Martin Van Buren- 8th President, ordered the forced removal in 1838
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Trail of Tears- the 800 mile forced removal of the 20,000 remaining
Cherokee from Georgia west to Indian Territory (Oklahoma), w/
thousands dying on the way (~1 year long walk w/ ~¼ dying)
DO NOT COPY
In 1831 the Choctaw were the first to be
removed. After the Choctaw, the
Seminole were removed in 1832, the
Creek in 1834, then the Chickasaw in
1837, and finally the Cherokee in 1838. By
1837, 46,000 Native Americans from these
southeastern states had been removed
from their homelands thereby opening 25
million acres for predominantly white
settlement. Thousands had died during
each forced relocation.
General Winfield Scott, arrived at New
Echota on May 17, 1838 with 7000 men.
Early that summer General Scott and the
United States Army began the invasion of
the Cherokee Nation. About 4000
Cherokee died as a result of their
removal. And so a country formed fifty
years earlier on the premise "...that all
men are created equal, and that they are
endowed by their Creator with certain
unalienable rights, among these the right
to life, liberty and the pursuit of
happiness.." brutally closed the curtain
on a culture that had done no wrong.
Warm-up for 7-4
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How would you feel if you were forced by
gunpoint to move off of your land even after you
won a Supreme Court decision to stay? If you only
had a few minutes to pack, what would you take
with you?
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tariffs after the War of 1812
tried to protect the infant
industries of the NE
(increased again in 1824 &
1828)
high tariffs reduced GB
exports to U.S. & forced the
South to buy expensive N
goods
John C. Calhoun- Jackson’s
VP called the 1828 tariff a
Tariff of Abomination
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Calhoun devised theory that each state could nullify
a fed. law considered unconstitutional
Calhoun resigned from the VP when Jackson
supported the Union over states’ rights
South Carolina declared tariffs null & void
Jackson threatened to hang Calhoun, marched troops on SC to
enforce tariff, & passed the Force Bill of 1833 allowing the govt.
to use troops in SC if they resisted paying duties
Henry Clay steps in and negotiates a gradually lowering tariff
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National Bank
 Jackson vetoed bill to re-charter the (BUS)
Reasons for veto
1. fed. tax revenues deposited giving unfair advantage over other banks
2. stockholders, not American taxpayers earned interest from deposits
3. banks Pres. offered loans to congressmen at lower rate
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Jackson placed govt. funds in state banks called “pet
banks” loyal to the Democratic Party
Bank charter expired and went out of business 5 yrs. later
“The Bank is trying to kill me, but I will kill it.”
– President Andrew Jackson
Whig Party
 political party formed in 1834 by Henry Clay, John Q.
Adams, & Daniel Webster (Mass. Senator)
 Policies - backed ideals of the American System
 pet banks had printed more bank notes than gold &
silver in their depositories (doomed to fail when people
attempted to redeem their currency in gold & silver)
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Martin Van Buren- 8th President (1837-1841)
Democrat - tried to reduce spending
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Panic of 1837- banks stopped accepting paper $ which
led to bank closings & a collapse of credit system
triggering a 5yr depression
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William Henry Harrison- 9th President
(1841) Whig
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hero from the War of 1812
died one month into term of pneumonia
John Tyler- 10th President (1841-1845)
Whig
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nicknamed “His Accidency”
opposed many parts of the Whigs economic
program
Southern put on ballot to attract votes
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George Washington (1789-1797)
John Adams (1797-1801)
Thomas Jefferson (1801- 1809)
James Madison (1809- 1817)
James Monroe (1817- 1825)
John Quincy Adams (1825-1829)
Andrew Jackson (1829- 1837)
Martin Van Buren (1837- 1841)
William Henry Harrison (1841)
John Tyler (1841- 1845)