q. Super Solids
Whole Class or Small Group
• Geometric Vocabulary reproducible (2 per student) (pg. 20)
• Super Solids reproducible (pg. 24)
• Make photocopies of the Geometric Vocabulary (2 per student) and the Super Solids (1 per student) reproducibles. Give
students all three sheets and have them label the vocabulary topic Solids.
• Show each 3-dimensional solid as you discuss the geometric terms below. Guide students in completing the vocabulary
sheets. Have students add the completed pages to their Geometry Dictionary folder.
sphere
a round 3-dimensional
cone
a 3-dimensional solid with a circular base and a
curved surface that meets at a point
solid
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cylinder
a 3-dimensional solid with two congruent circles for
its faces and a curved surface connecting them
cube
a 3-dimensional
rectangular prism
a 3-dimensional solid with rectangular faces and two
congruent rectangular bases
triangular prism
a 3-dimensional solid with rectangular faces and two
congruent triangular bases
"", solids
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solid with six congruent square faces
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triangular pyramid a 3-dimensional solid with triangular faces and a triangular base
• Have students cut apart the eight picture cards and eight label cards from the Super Solids reproducible. Let small groups
of students use the cards to play the following games to practice identifying solids:
15-Second Match-Up-Line
up the eight solids (or pictures of them) in a row. Across from them, line up the eight labels
in a mixed-up order. Take your time and match them up. Then repeat the activity and have a partner time you. Try to
match them up in 15 seconds or less!
Concentration-Mix up the picture cards and the label cards and place them facedown in separate groups. Arrange the
eight foam solids in a group (if they are available). The first player picks a label card, a picture card and a foam solid. If all
three match, the player keeps the set and takes another turn. If not, the player puts the pieces back facedown where
they were and his or her turn is over. Play continues until all sets are matched up.
o
s. Sorf,inl
Solids
Small Group
~
• Students will identify, compare, analyze and classify 2- and 3-dimensional geometric shapes according to their properties.
~
• Foam 3-dimensional solids
• Venn Diagrams-A
and B reproducibles (pg. 25 and pg. 26)
• Scissors and glue
• Tell students you will be sorting the 3-dimensional solids by the shapes of their faces. Cut apart the shape labels and
place the circle label inside the 1-circle Venn diagram. Challenge students to
identify a solid that has at least one circular face. (cone, cylinder) Place each
of those solids inside the circle. Arrange the remaining solids around the outside, explaining that only solids that meet the criteria can go inside the Venn
diagram. Guide students as needed in understanding why the sphere belongs
outside the circle. (A face is a flat shape; a sphere does not have faces.)
• Model how to sort solids using the 2-circle Venn diagram. Place the rectangle
and triangle labels in the non-overlapping sections of the circles. Pass out
each of the 8 solids in a set to different students. Direct each student to study
his solid to see if it has any faces that are rectangles or triangles. Point out
that a square is a type of rectangle. Invite students to place their solids inside
or outside the Venn diagram in the corresponding sections and to explain why
they go there.
• Display the 3-circle Venn diagram and invite students to explain how it works,
correcting students as needed. Place three labels in the diagram and model a
few examples of where solids would be placed and viJhy.
• Give the group of students an entire set of 8 solids. Have students work
together to create their own 1-circle, 2-circle and 3-circle Venn diagrams. For
variety, have one half of the group arrange a Venn diagram and remove the
label(s). The remaining half studies the completed diagram and adds the missing label(s).
• Have each student choose one sorting per Venn diagram to record and turn
in. Direct students to glue the categories in place and to write the name of
each solid in the appropriate place in the Venn diagram.
o
6. An.lyzin, Solids
Small Group
~
• Students will identify, compare, analyze and classify 2- and 3-dimensional geometric shapes according to their properties.
• Make photocopies of the Solids Chart reproducible and give one
to each student.
vertex
• Pass around the 3-dimensional solids. Teach or review the terminology in the cube and cylinder diagrams at the top of the reproducible-face,
edge, vertex (plural form is vertices), curved edge
and curved surface. Invite students to point out examples of
each term on the solids they are holding.
f'f'
'dg,~
f"'U
the solids below.
St
curved
edges,
and vertices.
How
-curved
surface
cone
0
I
cylinder
2
cube
6
6
sphere
rectangular prism
square pyramid
How
many
How many
straight edges
does it have?
I
I
I
0
0
0
0
0
5
4
5
prism
triangular pyramid
Fill in the chart.
curved
surfaces does
it have?
many
faces does
it have?
triangular
Hold each solid and count
its flat faces or curved surfaces, straight edges or
How
• Read aloud the directions and the chart headings on the reproducible. Choose one of the solids, answer the corresponding
chart questions, and model how to fill in the row.
• Direct students to complete the chart, working as a group or
individually. Then have them work in pairs or small groups to
complete the Think About It! section. When everyone has finished, compare and discuss the results.
"N,d
edge
I
Gather
many
How
curved
edges does
it have?
0
0
0
0
I
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
0
8
8
2
12
9
6
8
many
vertices
does it
have?
6
4
5
<:!funk About]]:>
0°
1. A polyhedron
is a 3·D solid with
all flat surfaces.
Which
of your solids are polyhedrons?
cube rectangular prism triangular \?rism
Extension:
triangulgr
• Riddles-Let
students use the information they have learned to
write riddles about solids. Post the riddles at a math center or on
a bulletin board. Challenge students to answer them without
referring to their charts.
pyramid
2. Study the polyhedrons
and to the number
squgre
in the chart.
of vertices.
pyramid
Compare
What
a,'~ two
the number
patterns
of faces to the number
of edges
that you see?
_
There are always more edges than faces or vertices.
Pyramids have an equal number of faces and vertices.
3. The Swiss mathematician
Leonhard
Euler found
The number
of faces (F) plus the number
2. Does that
pattern
work
this pattern
of vertices
for your five polyhedrons?~y_es~
• Hunting for Solids-For
a homework
activity, challenge students to find 20 reallife examples of the solids (basketball, can,
tent, and so on).
~
I have two faces
same shape.
' both are the
I do not hav
I do h
e any vertices.
ave a curved
What Solid am I? sUrface.
in polyhedrons:
(V) equals
the number
F +
V
=E +
2.
of edges (E) plus
_
Name
_
Geolnet,ric Vocabulary
Topic:
_
Date
------
Super Solids
sphere
cylinder
rectangular
.
pnsm
triangular
pyramid
cube
triangular
.
pnsm
square
pyramid
[-~
Name
_
Yellil
I-Circle
Venn Diagram
2-Circle
Venn Diagram
Pi.,r ••
s-
A
Yenn Pi8,r8 •••s-1
3-Circle
Venn Diagram
circle
square
rectangle
triangle
circle
square
rectangle
triangle
Name
edge
_
Solids Chart.
\
curved
edge
Gather the solids below. Hold each solid and count
its flat faces or curved surfaces, straight edges or
curved edges, and vertices. Fill in the chart.
How many
faces does
it have?
How many
curved
surfaces does
it have?
How many
curved
How many
straight edges edges does
does it have? it have?
curved
surface
How many
vertices
does it
have?
sphere
cone
cylinder
cube
rectangular prism
triangular prism
triangular pyramid
square pyramid
Gfunk About IE>
0°
1. A polyhedron is a 3-D solid with all flat surfaces. Which of your solids are polyhedrons?
2. Study the polyhedrons in the chart. Compare the number of faces to the number of edges
and to the number of vertices. What are two patterns that you see?
3.~The Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler found this pattern in polyhedrons: F + V = E + 2.
The number of faces (F) plus the number of vertices (V) equals the number of edges (E) plus
2. Does that pattern work for your five polyhedrons?
_