Name: _________________________________________________________________ Period: _________ Layers of the Atmosphere Packet Advanced
Component → 8.2.1 Guiding Questions​ ​(questions you should be able to answer by the end of this packet before taking the test!) 1. What are the atmosphere layers in order from the ground to the sky? 2. What are 2­3 items that can be found in each layer of the atmosphere? 3. How does the density and temperature change as you move from one layer to the next? Agenda ​(fill in the squares and circles as you complete everything on the agenda) Layers of the Atmosphere Song and #hashtags → ​1​ 0 Minutes → Page 2 ○ Listen to the layers science song on the science department webpage. Layers Reading & Graphing Activity → 40 Minutes → Page 3­4 ○ Highlight key characteristics of every layer as you read. Complete the worksheet. ○ Show your science teacher your packet! Layers Density Column Lab →​
​
​ 30 Minutes → Page 5 ○ Follow the instructions at a lab station to complete the Layers Density Column ○ When you are done, make sure you answer the analysis questions. Layers Note Video → ​
​
12 Minutes → Page 6 ○ Watch the Layers Note Video while following along on the notes page ○ Watch the World Record Stratosphere Space Jump video after notes Layers Drawing → ​10 Minutes → Page 7 ○ Complete the Layers Drawing. Make sure you are following the directions and include all of the steps Guiding Questions → ​5 Minutes → Page 8 ○ Show your science teacher your packet! Study for the Layers of the Atmosphere QUIZ tomorrow! Quiz → 10 Minutes → fill in date to take the quiz _________________ ○ Review your notes ○ Give your science teacher your packet and ask for a quiz 70% or Above ● KEEP this packet safe! You need it for the unit test! ● See your teacher to get the Layers of the Atmosphere Packet. ●
●
●
●
69% or Under Highlight your notes Study your packet Ask any questions you might have Retake the Layers quiz tomorrow Unit Test will cover 5 packets: EMS, Layers of the Atmosphere, Ozone, Greenhouse, and Global Warming
1 Name: _________________________________________________________________ Period: _________ Layers of the Atmosphere Song
⇨
⇨
Click on the Layers of the Atmosphere song link on the 8th grade Science Department webpage. Create a hashtag for every layer as you listen to the atmosphere song. Your hashtag should include a special characteristic for each layer such as a feature or temperature. ⇨ Have fun with creating your original atmosphere hashtags! ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________
2 Name: _________________________________________________________________ Period: _________ Layers of the Atmosphere Graphing Activity
OBJECTIVE: ​To discover how the atmosphere can be divided into layers based on temperature changes at different heights, by making a graph. BACKGROUND: The atmosphere can be divided into four layers based on temperature variations. The layer closest to the Earth is called the troposphere. Above this layer is the stratosphere, followed by the mesosphere, then the thermosphere. The upper boundaries between these layers are known as the tropopause, the stratopause, and the mesopause, respectively. Temperature variations in the four layers are due to the way solar energy is absorbed as it moves downward through the atmosphere. The Earth’s surface is the primary absorber of solar energy. Some of this energy is reradiated by the Earth as heat, which warms the overlying troposphere. The global average temperature in the troposphere rapidly decreases with altitude until the tropopause, the boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere. The temperature begins to increase with altitude in the stratosphere. This warming is caused by a form of oxygen called ozone (O​3​) absorbing ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Ozone protects us from most of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation, which can cause cancer, genetic mutations, and sunburn. Scientists are concerned that human activity is contributing to a decrease in stratospheric ozone. Nitric oxide, which is the exhaust of high­ flying jets, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are used as refrigerants, may contribute to ozone depletion. At the stratopause, the temperature stops increasing with altitude. The overlying mesosphere does not absorb solar radiation, so the temperature decreases with altitude. At the mesopause, the temperature begins to increase with altitude, and this trend continues in the thermosphere. Here solar radiation first hits the Earth’s atmosphere and heats it. Because the atmosphere is so thin, a thermometer cannot measure the temperature accurately and special instruments are needed. DIRECTIONS: 1. Table 1 below contains the average temperature readings at various altitudes in the Earth’s atmosphere. 2. Label the X­axis with TEMPERATURE (​o​C) 3. Label the Y­axis with ALTITUDE (km above sea level). 4. Plot this data on the graph on the worksheet 5. Connect adjacent points with a smooth curve. a. Be careful to plot the negative temperature numbers correctly​. b. This profile provides a general picture of temperature at any given time and place; however, the actual temperature may deviate from the average values, particularly in the lower atmosphere. 6. Label the different layers of the atmosphere. 7. Mark the general location of the ozone layer. 8. You should now have 5 words on your graph in the correct locations: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and ozone layer. 3 Name: _________________________________________________________________ Period: _________ Layers of the Atmosphere
Graph of Temperature at Various Altitudes QUESTIONS 1. What is the basis for driving the atmosphere into four layers? 2. As per your graph does the temperature ​increase ​or ​decrease ​with altitude in the: troposphere? _____________ stratosphere? ________________ mesosphere? _____________ thermosphere? _______________ 4 Name: _________________________________________________________________ Period: _________ Layers of the Atmosphere Density Lab Complete the following: 1. In the diagram ABOVE, color in the layers as represented in your test tube. Use colored pencils or markers. 2. Label your colored layers with the different layers of the atmosphere. ○ HINT: THE TROPOSPHERE SHOULD BE AT THE BOTTOM 3. On the outside of your drawing place the real life “features” of every layer in the correct location as per your diagram. 4. Answer: How does the density of the air change as you increase in altitude? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Name: _________________________________________________________________ Period: _________ Layers of the Atmosphere Notes
Atmosphere ● The whole layer of air that surrounds Earth ● A mixture of gases ● Keeps Earth warm ● Protects life Why is the atmosphere important? ● Protects life ● Keeps Earth warm ● Allows talking/sound ● Provides weather ● Allows flight ● Absorbs harmful radiation Composition ● Mostly Nitrogen ● Can change due to natural causes (volcanoes erupting) or the season Layers of the Atmosphere ● Troposphere ● Stratosphere ● Mesosphere ● Thermosphere ● Exosphere Altitude ● Height above sea level Density ● The amount of mass in a given volume ● The density of the atmosphere ​DECREASES ​with altitude ● Most of the mass Layer T​roposphere Temperature increases or decreases Layer # (Lowest is 1) 1 Features included Decreases ●
●
●
●
●
Weather
Birds Clouds Humans Mountains S​tratosphere 2 Increases ● Ozone ● Weather Balloon ● Planes M​esosphere 3 Decreases ● Meteors T​hermosphere 4 Increases ● Aurora Borealis E​xosphere 5 Increases ● Satellites ● Space Shuttles Memory Mnemonic Device: ​T​hey ​S​ay ​M​cDonald’s ​T​astes ​E​xcellent
6 Name: _________________________________________________________________ Period: _________ Layers of the Atmosphere Drawing In the drawing below, complete the following 1. Label each of the atmosphere layers 2. Indicate if the temperature is increasing or decreasing the layer 3. Indicate the density of each layer ● Fill each layer with dots representing how dense the layer is with particles of air. More dots = more dense 4. Draw the examples given below in the diagram to show where each of them would be located ●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Mount Everest Meteors Weather balloon A flock of geese Aurora Borealis Spacecraft orbiting Jet airplane Ozone Layer Clouds Space Shuttle 7 Name: _________________________________________________________________ Period: _________ Guiding Questions
Answer the following questions like you would if these were test questions. 1. What are the atmosphere layers in order from the ​ground to the sky​? ____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
GROUND: ____________________________________
2. What are 2­3 items that can be found in each layer of the atmosphere? (Need to name the layer in your answer!) ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. How does the density and temperature change as you move from one layer to the next? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 8