LESSON 30 TEACHER’S GUIDE
Philadelphia, 1756
by Ann Takman
Fountas-Pinnell Level M
Nonfiction
Selection Summary
In the 1700s, Philadelphia was a fast growing colonial city.
Philadelphia had the first hospital and the first public library in
America, both started by Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was a man
of great accomplishments in science and journalism, too.
Number of Words: 273
Characteristics of the Text
Genre
Text Structure
Content
Themes and Ideas
Language and
Literary Features
Sentence Complexity
Vocabulary
Words
Illustrations
Book and Print Features
• Nonfiction
• Organized into a few categories of information
• Philadelphia in 1756
• Benjamin Franklin’s accomplishments
• The Declaration of Independence
• In the 1700s, new arrivals from other countries helped America’s cities grow.
• Benjamin Franklin was a great man who accomplished many things in many fields.
• Clear language with conversational tone
• Writer talks directly to the reader (second person): If you just got off the boat, you might
go to the market.
• A mix of short and more complex sentences
• Some sentences begin with an introductory date: In the 1700s, In 1776
• Exclamations
• Proper nouns: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Hospital, State House, Library Company, Poor
Richard’s Almanack
• Many multisyllable words, some of them challenging, such as bakery, hospital, document,
library, lightning
• Illustrations that support the text on every page
• Predictable placement of text
• Sentences stand alone, not run together to form paragraphs
© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.
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Philadelphia,1756
by Ann Takman
Build Background
Help children use their knowledge of American history to visualize the book. Build interest
by asking questions such as the following: Who was Benjamin Franklin? What are some
of the things he did that made him famous? Read the title and author and talk about the
cover illustration. Tell children that this book gives factual information about Philadelphia
and one of its most famous people.
Introduce the Text
Guide children through the text, noting important ideas and nonfiction features. Help with
unfamiliar language so they can read the text successfully. Give special attention to target
vocabulary. Here are some suggestions:
Page 2: Explain that Philadelphia is a city in Pennsylvania. In the 1700s, it was
growing fast, and many important things were happening there.
Suggested language: Turn to page 2 of this book. The first sentence begins: In the
1700s. This is a text clue about when the events in this book happened. Why do
you think the writer begins the book with these words?
Page 5: Direct attention to the picture and explain that it shows the first hospital in
America. Benjamin Franklin helped start this hospital. It was just one of his many
accomplishments. He did many other successful things. Can you think of any
other accomplishments he made?
Page 9: Remind children that pictures provide clues to the text. Look at the picture.
What is the lightning hitting? The rod on the roof was one of the many inventions
Ben Franklin designed. He made this new invention to protect his house from
lightning. What can be the result when lightning strikes a building? What do you
think the result was when lightning hit the rod instead of his house?
Now turn back to the beginning of the book and read to find out about why
Benjamin Franklin was so important to Philadelphia in 1756.
Target Vocabulary
accomplishments – the things
that someone has achieved or
done successfully, p. 5
composed – put together notes
or words and wrote them
down, p. 10
achieve – to succeed in doing
something after a lot of work
and effort, p. 10
designed – planned the way
something should be made
and how it should look, p. 9
amounts – the quantities, or how
much, of each item there is,
p. 4
inventions – machines or objects
that someone has created for
the first time, p. 9
Grade 2
2
remarkable – very uncommon or
impressive, p. 2
result – something that happens
because of something else that
has happened, p. 9
Lesson 30: Philadelphia, 1756
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Read
Have children read Philadelphia, 1756 silently while you listen to individual children read.
Support their problem solving and fluency as needed.
Remind children to use the Visualize Strategy
happening as they read.
, and to picture what is
Discuss and Revisit the Text
Personal Response
Invite children to share their personal responses to the book.
Suggested language: What did you learn about Benjamin Franklin that you didn’t know
before? What more would you like to learn about his accomplishments?
Ways of Thinking
As you discuss the text, help children understand these points:
Thinking Within the Text
Thinking Beyond the Text
Thinking About the Text
• In the 1700s, Philadelphia was a
busy, growing city.
• In the 1700s, new arrivals from
other countries helped make
America’s cities grow.
• The author includes lots
of details about colonial
Philadelphia and what Benjamin
Franklin achieved there.
• Benjamin Franklin helped start
the first hospital and the first
public library in America. He
created many inventions.
• In 1776, the Declaration of
Independence was written in
Philadelphia’s State House.
• Benjamin Franklin was a great
man who was talented in many
ways.
• Many of Franklin’s
accomplishments were for the
common good, not for himself.
• The pictures contain a lot of
visual and historic information.
• The author makes clear that she
believes Ben Franklin is a very
important historic figure.
© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.
Choices for Further Support
• Fluency Invite children to choose a passage from the text to read aloud. Suggest that
they try reading a couple of pages as if they were giving a report to the class on either
Philadelphia or Benjamin Franklin.
• Comprehension Based on your observations of the children’s reading and discussion,
revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind children to go
back to the text to support their ideas.
• Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using
examples from the text. Guide children to take apart multisyllable words in order to
decode manageable units (hos-pit-al, im-port-ant, doc-u-ment, li-brar-y).
Grade 2
3
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Writing about Reading
Vocabulary Practice
Have children complete the Vocabulary questions on BLM 30.1.
Responding
Have children complete the vocabulary activities on page 11. Remind them to answer
the Word Teaser on page 12. (Answer: achieve)
Reading Nonfiction
Nonfiction Features: Text Clues Remind children that nonfiction has many features to
help readers find and understand important information. Text clues are one of these
features. Explain that text clues are words and phrases that signal something important.
Text clues such as first, next, and last are signals to a sequence of events. Phrases such
as in the 1700s and in 1776 tell when something happened. Phrases such as for example
and such as indicate that examples are coming up. Because and therefore are clues to
cause and effect. Explain that looking for text clues in a nonfiction book can help readers
recognize important points the author is making.
Have children look through the book to find text clues. Examples include In the 1700s
(page 2), Twenty years later (page 6), In 1776 (page 7), and As a result (page 9). Work
with children to create a chart of text clues. Suggest that they add clues to the chart from
their reading during the year.
Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the Text
Have children write a response to the prompt on page 6.
Assessment Prompts
• What does the word amounts mean in the following sentence? You might be amazed
by the amounts of fruit and meat for sale!
• Which words on page 5 help the reader understand what accomplishments means?
________________________________________________________________.
Grade 2
4
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English Language Development
Reading Support Check regularly on children’s oral reading to determine accuracy,
fluency, and comprehension.
Vocabulary Provide assistance as needed with terms that may be unfamiliar, such
as hospital, famous, document, State House, public library, and lightning rod.
Oral Language Development
Check children’s comprehension, using a dialogue that best matches their
English proficiency level. Speaker 1 is the teacher, Speaker 2 is the child.
Beginning/Early Intermediate
Intermediate
Early Advanced/ Advanced
Speaker 1: What city is this book
about?
Speaker 1: Who helped start the first
hospital built in America?
Speaker 2: Philadelphia
Speaker 2: Benjamin Franklin helped
start the first hospital.
Speaker 1: What are some of the
things that Benjamin Franklin is
famous for?
Speaker 1: When do the things in the
book take place?
Speaker 2: in the 1700s
Speaker 2: He helped start
a hospital and a library. He
invented many things such as
the lightning rod. He composed
and printed an almanac that
people read.
Speaker 1: What else did Benjamin
Franklin start in Philadelphia?
Speaker 2: He started a public library.
Lesson 30
Name
BLACKLINE MASTER 30.1
Date
Target Vocabulary
Philadelphia, 1756
Target Vocabulary
Fill in each blank with the Target Vocabulary word that
best completes each sentence.
Vocabulary
accomplishments
achieve
amounts
composed
designed
inventions
remarkable
result
1. The refrigerator and the dishwasher are
useful kitchen inventions
.
2. My piano teacher composed
a new song for me
to play.
3. With practice, Uri will achieve
his goal of learning to swim.
4. As a result
of studying, I did well on my test.
5. My mom said the picture I painted was
remarkable
.
6. That big dog eats large amounts
of food.
7. I hope you like the dress pattern I designed
.
8. It takes a long time to list all of Benjamin Franklin’s
accomplishments
.
Read directions to children.
3
Target Vocabulary
Grade 2, Unit 6: What a Surprise!
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5
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Lesson 30: Philadelphia, 1756
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First Pass
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Name
Date
Philadelphia, 1756
Thinking Beyond the Text
Think about the question below. Then write your answer in one paragraph.
All across America, streets, schools, museums, and businesses are named
after Benjamin Franklin. Suppose you could name a street or park or school
in your community for a famous American today. What person would you
choose? Why would you choose that person? What place would you
choose, and why?
Grade 2
6
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Lesson 30
Name
BLACKLINE MASTER 30.1
Date
Target Vocabulary
Philadelphia, 1756
Target Vocabulary
Fill in each blank with the Target Vocabulary word that
best completes each sentence.
Vocabulary
accomplishments
achieve
amounts
composed
designed
inventions
remarkable
result
1. The refrigerator and the dishwasher are
useful kitchen
.
2. My piano teacher
a new song for me
to play.
3. With practice, Uri will
his goal of learning to swim.
4. As a
of studying, I did well on my test.
5. My mom said the picture I painted was
.
6. That big dog eats large
of food.
7. I hope you like the dress pattern I
.
8. It takes a long time to list all of Benjamin Franklin’s
.
Grade 2
7
Lesson 30: Philadelphia, 1756
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Student
Lesson 30
Date
BLackline master 30.24
Philadelphia, 1756 • level m
page
2
Philadelphia, 1756
Running Record Form
Selection Text
Errors
Self-Corrections
Accuracy Rate
Total SelfCorrections
In the 1700s, many people sailed to America from other
countries. Many of them were poor. They hoped to find work in
America’s growing cities. Many of these people went to the
remarkable city of Philadelphia.
3
There was lots to do in Philadelphia! If you just got off the
boat, you might go to the market. That’s where all the crowds
were. Some people were there to sell food. Others were there
to shop.
4
You might be amazed by the amounts of fruit and meat for
sale! You could buy some bread at a bakery and eat it as you
looked around the city.
Comments:
(# words read
correctly/104 × 100)
%
Read word correctly
Code
✓
cat
Repeated word,
sentence, or phrase
®
Omission
—
cat
cat
Grade 2
Behavior
Error
0
0
1
8
Substitution
Code
cut
cat
1
Self-corrects
cat
cut sc
0
Insertion
the
1
Word told
T
cat
cat
ˆ
Error
1413878
Behavior
1
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