HighFour General Sciences
Category C: Grades 9 – 10
Round 1
Monday, September 21, 2015
The use of calculator is not required.
Answer #1:
Explanation:
testicles
The main male sex organs are the penis and the testicles which produce
semen and sperm, which, as part of sexual intercourse, fertilize an ovum in
the female's body; the fertilized ovum (zygote) develops into a fetus, which
is later born as an infant.
Answer #2:
Explanation:
geotropism or phototropism (both are acceptable)
Geotropism (also known as gravitropism) is a turning or growth movement
by a plant or fungus in response to gravity. It is a general feature of all
higher and many lower plants as well as other organisms. Phototropism is
one of the many plant tropisms or movements which respond to external
stimuli. Growth towards a light source is called positive phototropism,
while growth away from light is called negative phototropism.
Answer #3:
Explanation:
progesterone
In addition to their role in producing ova, the ovaries also have the
distinction of being an endocrine gland because they secrete hormones—
primarily estrogen and progesterone—that are vital to normal reproductive
development and fertility.
Answer #4:
Explanation:
phloem
In vascular plants, phloem is the living tissue that carries organic nutrients
(known as photosynthate), in particular, sucrose, a sugar, to all parts of the
plant where needed. In trees, the phloem is the innermost layer of the
bark, hence the name, derived from the Greek word φλοιός (phloios)
meaning "bark".
Answer #5:
Explanation:
psychrometer
A rising barometer means sunny and dry conditions, while a falling
barometer means stormy and wet conditions. An Italian scientist named
Torricelli built the first barometer in 1643. A psychrometer measures
relative humidity, using the cooling effect of evaporation.
HighFour General Sciences
Category C: Grades 9 – 10
Round 1
Monday, September 21, 2015
The use of calculator is not required.
Answer #6:
Explanation:
Eratosthenes
Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the Earth without leaving
Egypt. He knew that at local noon on the summer solstice in the Ancient
Egyptian city of Swenet (known in ancient Greek as Syene, and now as
Aswan) on the Tropic of Cancer, the Sun would appear at the zenith,
directly overhead.
Answer #7:
Explanation:
stratosphere
In the stratosphere, we find the "good" ozone that protects life on Earth
from the harmful effects of the Sun's ultraviolet rays. We have good reason
to be concerned about the thinning of the ozone layer in the stratosphere.
Answer #8:
Explanation:
Newton’s first law of motion, the law of inertia
Newton's first law of motion - sometimes referred to as the law of inertia.
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with
the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an
unbalanced force.
Answer #9:
Explanation:
RrSs
Answer #10:
Explanation:
artery
The arteries are the blood vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood from the
heart to the tissues of the body. Each artery is a muscular tube lined by
smooth tissue and has three layers: (1) the intima, the inner layer lined by a
smooth tissue called endothelium, (2) the media, a layer of muscle that lets
arteries handle the high pressures from the heart, and (3) the adventitia,
connective tissue anchoring arteries to nearby tissues.
HighFour General Sciences
Category C: Grades 9 – 10
Round 1
Monday, September 21, 2015
The use of calculator is not required.
Answer #11:
Explanation:
telophase
Mitosis consists of four basic phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and
telophase. Some textbooks list five, breaking prophase into an early phase
(simply called prophase) and a late phase (called prometaphase). These
phases occur in strict sequential order.
Answer #12:
Explanation:
D
Answer #13:
Explanation:
monosaccharides
Monosaccharides are the simplest units of carbohydrates and the simplest
form of sugar. They are the building blocks of more complex carbohydrates
such as disaccharides and polysaccharides. Physically, they are usually
colorless, can dissolve in water and have the appearance of a crystal-like
substance.
Answer #14:
Explanation:
cations
An electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain
of one or more electrons, as a cation (positive ion) which is created by
electron loss and is attracted to the cathode in electrolysis, or as an anion
(negative ion) which is created by an electron gain and is attracted to the
anode.
Answer #15:
Explanation:
double displacement
Double displacement reactions may be defined as the chemical reactions in
which one component each of both the reacting molecules is exchanged to
form the products. During this reaction, the cations and anions of two
different compounds switch places, forming two entirely different
compounds.
HighFour General Sciences
Category C: Grades 9 – 10
Round 1
Monday, September 21, 2015
The use of calculator is not required.
Answer #16:
Explanation:
triglyceride
A triglyceride (TG, triacylglycerol, TAG, or triacylglyceride) is an ester
derived from glycerol and three fatty acids. As a blood lipid, it helps enable
the bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose from the
liver. There are many triglycerides: depending on the oil source, some are
highly unsaturated, some less so.
Answer #17:
Explanation:
respiration or energy production
Mitochondrion is an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in
which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production
occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to
form layers (cristae).
Answer #18:
Explanation:
ammeter
An ammeter is a measuring instrument used to measure the electric
current in a circuit. Electric currents are measured in amperes (A), hence
the name. Instruments used to measure smaller currents, in the
milliampere or microampere range, are designated as milliammeters or
microammeters.
Answer #19:
Explanation:
Hess’ Law
Germain Henri Hess (1802 - 1850) is important primarily for his
thermochemical studies. Hess' Law states that the heat evolved or
absorbed in a chemical process is the same whether the process takes place
in one or in several steps. This is also known as the law of constant heat
summation.
Answer #20:
Explanation:
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen (1845-1923)
who was a Professor at Wuerzburg University in Germany. Working with a
cathode-ray tube in his laboratory, Roentgen observed a fluorescent glow
of crystals on a table near his tube.
HighFour General Sciences
Category C: Grades 9 – 10
Round 1
Monday, September 21, 2015
The use of calculator is not required.