worksheet grade 8
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____
1. The volume of a gas can be measured with a graduated cylinder.
____
2. Volumes of solids can be expressed in liters or milliliters
____
3. Weight and mass are the same thing.
____
4. Changing the temperature of a gas has no effect on the volume of the gas.
____
5. Pressure in a gas-filled container is caused by gas particles hitting the walls of the container.
____
6. Compounds cannot be broken down by any means.
____
7. Compounds can be broken down only by chemical means.
____
8. Heating can break down some compounds.
Multiple Choices
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
9. Which of the following units would you use to express the volume of an irregular solid such as a rock?
a. liters (L)
c. milliliters (mL)
b. cubic centimeters (cm3)
d. newtons (N)
____ 10. Which of the following is NOT the result of a chemical change?
a. soured milk
c. ground flour
b. rusted metal
d. digested food
____ 11. What makes characteristic properties useful to scientists?
a. They can be either physical or chemical.
b. They can be used to identify matter.
c. They are easy to observe and measure.
d. Sample size does not matter.
____ 12. In a graduated cylinder containing several liquid layers, the least dense liquid is found
a. floating at the top.
c. in the lightest colored layer.
b. in the middle layer.
d. settled on the bottom.
____ 13. What chemical property is responsible for iron rusting?
a. flammability
c. nonflammability
b. conductivity
d. reactivity with oxygen
____ 14. Souring milk is an example of a
a. physical property.
b. physical change.
c. chemical property.
d. chemical change.
____ 15. Which of the following is not a physical property of matter?
a. ductility
c. thermal conductivity
b. color
d. reactivity with water
____ 16. What has mass and takes up space?
a. weight
b. volume
c. space
d. matter
____ 17. Which of the following signs does NOT indicate that a chemical change has happened?
a. change in state
c. foaming or bubbling
b. change in color or odor
d. production of heat or light
____ 18. What makes chemical properties so difficult to observe?
a. They result in changes of state.
b. Observing them produces new materials.
c. Wearing protective glasses is required.
d. They happen too quickly
____ 19. How can you tell that baking a cake produces a chemical change?
a. It produces changes of state in the ingredients.
b. It combines the ingredients to form new substances.
c. It causes changes that are not reversible.
d. It changes physical properties such as color and odor.
____ 20. A gas
a. has a definite volume but no definite shape.
b. has a definite shape but no definite volume.
c. has fast-moving particles.
d. has particles that are always close together.
____ 21. Boiling point, melting point, and density are some of an element’s
a. nonreactive properties.
c. chemical properties.
b. physical properties.
d. pure properties.
____ 22. A property of an element that does not depend on the amount of the element is called a
a. electromagnetic property.
c. unique property.
b. finite property.
d. characteristic property.
____ 23. What is a pure substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined?
a. element
c. mixture
b. compound
d. solution
____ 24. If a spoonful of salt is mixed in a glass of water, what is the water called?
a. solute
c. solvent
b. solution
d. element
____ 25. What pure substance forms when two elements chemically combine?
a. an element
c. a mixture
b. a compound
d. a solution
____ 26. How can a compound be broken down?
a. by physical changes
b. by chemical changes
c. by crushing
d. by cooling
Completion
Complete each statement.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
weight
mass
density
volume
physical change
chemical change
chemical
physical
27. Water evaporating from a puddle is an example of a(n) ____________________.
28. A copper penny can turn green if it reacts with carbon dioxide and water. This is an example of a(n)
____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
mass
volume
property
change
29. A chemical ____________________ describes which changes are possible for a substance.
30. The amount of matter in an object is its ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
milliliters
weight
31. If you know an object’s mass, you can figure out its ____________________ on Earth.
32. You could use ____________________ to measure the volume of a soft drink can.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
mixture
suspensions
compound
metalloids
33. A pure substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined is called a
____________________.
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. change of state
b. melting
c. evaporation
d. boiling
e. condensation
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
sublimation
freezing
vapor pressure
exothermic
endothermic
____ 34. a change in which energy is gained by a substance as it changes state
____ 35. the change of state from a solid to a liquid
____ 36. the change of a substance from one physical form to another
____ 37. the pressure inside the bubbles of a boiling liquid
____ 38. the change of state from a solid directly to a gas
____ 39. the change of state from a liquid to a gas
____ 40. the change of a liquid to a vapor throughout the liquid
____ 41. a change in which energy is removed from the substance as it changes state
____ 42. the change of state from a gas to a liquid
____ 43. the change of state from a liquid to a solid
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. states of matter
b. viscosity
c. solid
d. liquid
e. surface tension
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
gas
temperature
volume
pressure
change of state
____ 44. It can be determined by measuring the speed of molecules.
____ 45. This happens when tomato soup boils.
____ 46. Ice, water, and steam are all examples.
____ 47. This is a state of matter in which atoms and molecules are close together but can slide past each other.
____ 48. It has no definite volume.
____ 49. It may be either crystalline or amorphous.
____ 50. It increases when the amount of force per unit area increases.
____ 51. This force acts on the particles of milk at the surface of a glass of milk.
____ 52. This can only be measured in three dimensions.
____ 53. This property of liquids is affected by the strength of the attraction between the molecules.
Short Answer
54. Explain how the concepts of mass and weight are related.
55. Describe the two characteristics that all matter has in common.
56. Describe two physical and two chemical properties of an ice cube.
57. What physical property do a wood block, copper tubing, an ice cube, a bar of silver, and a lead fishing
weight have in common? What physical property of matter could you use to tell them apart?
58. Describe four physical changes that you could perform on a glass of water.
59. List three physical properties of water.
60. What will happen to the temperature of a pot of boiling water as the water evaporates?
61. Students in a science class have been given three unknown solids. They need to find out if any two of
them are the same. How could they do this?
62. Which is more like a solid: a liquid with a low viscosity or a liquid with a high viscosity? Explain your
answer.
63. You are given an unknown substance and asked to prove if it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas. How could you
do so?
64. During certain kinds of volcanic eruptions, rock flows out of Earth. What has happened to the rock to
make this possible?
65. How is it possible to make a solid metal container in the shape of a pan?
66. Is a snowflake a crystalline or an amorphous solid? How can you tell?
67. A student measured the boiling point of a liquid and found that it had two different boiling points. What is
the best conclusion the student could draw?
68. How is the way sodium reacts with water different from the way sodium chloride reacts with water?
69. Why can both an element and a compound be considered a pure substance?
70. Identify the group or groups of elements that are brittle and nonmalleable.
Worksheet grade 8
Answer Section
TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS:
2. ANS:
3. ANS:
4. ANS:
5. ANS:
6. ANS:
7. ANS:
8. ANS:
9. ANS:
10. ANS:
11. ANS:
12. ANS:
13. ANS:
14. ANS:
15. ANS:
16. ANS:
17. ANS:
18. ANS:
19. ANS:
20. ANS:
21. ANS:
22. ANS:
23. ANS:
24. ANS:
25. ANS:
26. ANS:
COMPLETION
F
F
F
F
T
F
T
T
B
C
B
A
D
D
D
D
A
B
B
C
B
D
B
C
B
B
27. ANS: physical change
28. ANS: chemical change
29. ANS: property
30. ANS: mass
31. ANS: weight
32. ANS: milliliters
33. ANS: compound
MATCHING
34. ANS: J
35. ANS: B
36. ANS: A
37. ANS: H
38. ANS: F
39. ANS: C
40. ANS: D
41. ANS: I
42. ANS: E
43. ANS: G
44. ANS: G
45. ANS: J
46. ANS: A
47. ANS: D
48. ANS: F
49. ANS: C
50. ANS: I
51. ANS: E
52. ANS: H
53. ANS: B
SHORT ANSWER
54. ANS: Weight, which is actually a measure of the pull of gravitational force on an object, depends on
mass. The greater the mass, or amount of matter in an object, the greater is the pull between Earth and the
object and the larger is its weight. Weight, however, will vary depending on the object's location in the
universe, while mass is constant. On the moon or another smaller body, the same object would weigh less
than on Earth.
55. ANS: Whether it's a solid, a liquid or a gas, all matter shares the properties of mass and volume. Volume
is the amount of three-dimensional space occupied by the matter. You know that things have volume
because they cannot share the same space. They push other bits of matter aside. Volume is measured in
milliliters, liters, or in the case of solids, in cubic measurements (cm3 or m3). Mass is a measure of the
amount of matter an object contains. Mass remains constant regardless of its location and is measured in
grams or kilograms.
56. ANS: The ice cube is solid and can be shaped or carved. Ice is less dense than water because it will float
in water. Chemically, ice is nonflammable and in its liquid form could even be used to put out fires. Ice
could also be broken down into the two gases that make it up by melting it and applying an electric
current.
57. ANS: These objects have the same state of matter. They are all solids. You can use density to tell them
apart. To find density, divide mass by volume. The density will identify what each is made from.
58. ANS:
To change the state of matter, you could apply heat and cause the water to change into a gas. You could
dissolve salt or sugar in the water. To change its density, you could freeze the water in an ice tray. Once
frozen, you could change its state of matter again by melting it.
59. ANS:
colorless, liquid at room temperature, density of 1.00, melting point of 0°C and a boiling point of 100°C,
can dissolve salt and sugar
60. ANS:
The temperature of the water will remain the same until the change of state is complete.
61. ANS:
They could heat each one to its melting point and see if two substances have the same melting point. If so,
they might be the same substance.
62. ANS:
A liquid with a high viscosity is more like a solid because it does not flow very easily, and solids do not
flow.
63. ANS:
Sample answer: You could show whether or not the substance kept its own shape when moved from one
container to another, whether or not it could flow, and whether or not it could be compressed under
pressure.
64. ANS:
The rock has been heated and has melted and become liquid, making it possible for it to flow.
65. ANS:
The metal is melted so that it will flow and then put into a mold in the shape of a pan. There it cools and
freezes so that it holds the shape of the mold.
66. ANS:
It is an amorphous solid because it has a definite shape that results from the definite pattern of particles in
the solid.
67. ANS:
The liquid is a mixture of two different liquids with different boiling points.
68. ANS:
Sodium reacts violently with water to produce a new compound. Sodium chloride dissolves in water to
produce a mixture.
69. ANS:
A pure substance is one in which there is only one type of particle. In an element, the particles are
particles of the element. In a compound, the particles are made up of one or more elements that are
combined chemically. In both cases, there is only one kind of particle.
70. ANS:
nonmetals