The Northern Mountains
The location & extent of the Himalayan
range.
• The Himalayan range is located in the north
and north-east part of India.
• The range stretches from Kashmir in the north
to Arunachal Pradesh in the north-east.
• The total length is about 2500 km.
The Himalayan range is of great
importance to India:
• It acts like a natural barrier on the northern
border of our country.
• It protects us from cold winds blowing in from
the north.
• Many rivers originate from the glaciers found
here.
• Forests are homes for many plants and
animals.
The two mountain ranges in the
Northern mountains are:
1. The Himalayan Range
2. The Karakoram Range
The three parallel ranges of the
Himalayan mountains are:
• The Himadri – two high peaks – Kanchenjunga
and Annapurna
• The Himachal – hill stations and forests of pine
and deodar trees.
• The Shiwaliks – thick forests and wild life
sanctuaries.
Hill stations or places to visit:
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Shimla
Mussoorie
Kullu
Nanital
Darjiling
PLACES TO VISIT:
Important facts of Northern
Mountains
• The Himalaya is the highest mountain range in
the world.
• Mt. Everest is 8, 848 mt. high & is located in
Nepal.
• The two high peaks in the Himadri are
Kanchanjunga& Annapurna.
• The Shiwaliks merge down to merge with the
terai region.
• Mt. Godwin Austen (K2) is the second highest
peak in the world & lies in the Karakoram ranges.
The states that lie in the N. mountains.
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Jammu and Kashmir
Himachal Pradesh
Uttarakhand
Sikkim
North-eastern states
Parts of West Bengal.
Jammu and Kashmir
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Tourist Places
Srinagar, Pahalgam, Gulmarg and Amarnath caves.
Facts about J&K:
Jahangir, a mughal emperor called Kashmir 'heaven on earth'.
Srinagar is the capital of J & K. in summers and during winters it is Jammu.
Main languages spoken in J & K are Dogri, Urdu & Pahari.
Famous lakes of J & K are Dal &Loular lakes.
Main festivals celebrated in J & K are Eid & Shivaratri.
• During winter season people of J&K
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Weave shawls and carpets
Make handicrafts.
Facts about Himalachal Pradesh
&Uttarakhand
Main occupation of the people of H.P. is farming.
Shimla is the capital city of H.P.
Dalhousie, Kullu Manali& Shimla are few famous hill stations HP.
In H.P. men wear embroidered caps & women wear bright scarves.
Dusshera is the main festival celebrated in H.P.
The two hill ranges in Uttarakhand are Garhwal & Kumaon.
Kedarnath & Badrinath are two holy shiva shrines located in
Uttarakhand.
• Gangotri & Yamunotri are two important glaciers located in
Uttarakhand.
• Dehra Dun is the capital of Uttarakhand.
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Sikkim & West Bengal
• The three main tribes of Sikkim are
lepcha,Bhutia& Nepali.
• Sikkim is famous of its beautiful orchids.
• Darjeeling in West Bengal is famous for its tea
gardens.
North Eastern States
People of Arunachal Pradesh live in houses on stilt to protect
themselves from snakes & rain.
• The Nagas wear shawls of different designs to indicate which tribe
they belong to.
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In Manipur, people make beautiful things out of bamboo, cane &
leather.
Manipuri dance is a famous dance of Manipur.
Meghalaya gets the heaviest rainfall in the country.
People of Meghalaya belong to Garo, Khasi and Jaintia tribe.
Mizoram means 'land of Hill people.
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