Jet A/Jet A-1
Synonyms: Reference ID
Aviation Turbine Fuel (Kerosene Type)
Turbo Fuel A/Turbo Fuel A-1
A petroleum distillate blended from kerosene fractions and used in civil aviation. Jet A-1, the operational fuel for
all turboprop and turbojet aircraft requiring a low freezing point product, is similar to Jet A except for a lower
freezing point.
Data from Shell 1999 were taken from MSDS Number 142-012.
The sample analyzed by ESD was Jet A-1, collected in the summer of 1998 at the MacDonald-Cartier
International Airport in Ottawa, Ontario.
For additional fuel specifications refer to ASTM D1655.
API Gravity
41.8
ESD 98
Equation(s) for Predicting Evaporation
%Ev = (0.59 + 0.013T)√(t)
Where %Ev = weight percent evaporated; T = surface temperature (°C); t = time (minutes)
ESD 98
Sulphur (weight %)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
12
23
37
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.06
ESD 99
Water Content (weight %)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
12
23
37
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
ESD 99
>38
54
66
71
76
Shell 99a
ESD 98
0.7 to 5
Shell 99a
210
Shell 99a
>1
Shell 99a
Flash Point (°C)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
12
23
37
Flammability Limits in Air (volume %)
Ignition Temperature (°C)
Reid Vapour Pressure (kPa)
Density (g/mL)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
Temperature
(°C)
0
15
0.8269
0.8159
0.775 to 0.840
Copyright Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division
ESD 98
Shell 99a
Jet
A-1 A-1
JetA/Jet
A/Jet
Reference ID
Density (g/mL)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
12
23
37
Temperature
(°C)
25
0
15
25
0
15
25
0
15
25
Pour Point (°C)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
-55
<-47
-55
-50
-44
12
23
37
Dynamic Viscosity (mPa·s or cP)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
12
23
37
0.8086
0.8303
0.8193
0.8120
0.8327
0.8216
0.8145
0.8354
0.8244
0.8173
ESD 98
ESD 98
Shell 99a
ESD 98
Temperature
(°C)
0
15
25
0
15
25
0
15
25
0
15
25
3
2
2
3
2
2
3
2
2
3
2
2
Temperature
(°C)
-20
<8
Shell 99a
Corexit 9500
57
43
50
ESD 99
Saturates
Aromatics
Resins
Asphaltenes
Saturates
94
6
0
0
98
ESD 99
ESD 98
Kinematic Viscosity (mm²/s or cSt)
Chemical Dispersibility (volume %)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
23
37
Hydrocarbon Groups (volume %)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
12
Copyright Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division
Jet A/Jet A-1
Reference ID
Hydrocarbon Groups (volume %)
Evaporation
(weight %)
12
23
37
Aromatics
Resins
Asphaltenes
Saturates
Aromatics
Resins
Asphaltenes
Saturates
Aromatics
Resins
Asphaltenes
Adhesion (g/m²)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
12
23
37
Volatile Organic Compounds (ppm)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
12
23
37
2
0
0
96
3
1
0
98
2
0
0
1
0
1
6
Benzene
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
Xylenes
C3-benzenes
Total BTEX
Total VOCs
Benzene
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
Xylenes
C3-benzenes
Total BTEX
Total VOCs
Benzene
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
Xylenes
C3-benzenes
Total BTEX
Total VOCs
Benzene
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
Xylenes
C3-benzenes
Total BTEX
Total VOCs
ESD 99
SD = 0
SD = 0
SD = 0
SD = 3
82
800
604
3560
19255
5047
24302
48
9
49
490
11820
596
12416
50
9
1
22
5505
82
5587
42
11
1
4
1319
58
1377
Copyright Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division
ESD 98
ESD 99
Jet
A-1 A-1
JetA/Jet
A/Jet
Reference ID
Surface Tension (mN/m or dynes/cm)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
Temperature
(°C)
0
15
25
0
15
25
0
15
25
0
15
25
26.9
26.4
25.5
27.3
27.2
26.0
27.6
26.8
26.0
27.5
27.0
26.2
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
Oil/Salt Water Interfacial Tension (mN/m or dynes/cm)
Evaporation
Temperature
(weight %)
(°C)
0
0
15
25
12
0
15
25
23
0
15
25
37
0
15
25
26.5
31.2
26.4
26.7
31.0
26.8
29.5
29.0
25.3
25.0
29.0
26.0
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
Oil/Fresh Water Interfacial Tension (mN/m or
Evaporation
Temperature
(weight %)
(°C)
0
0
15
25
12
0
15
25
23
0
15
25
37
0
15
25
27.0
37.0
29.1
28.7
33.2
28.2
31.0
33.8
27.8
25.5
33.1
27.7
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
12
23
37
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
ESD 98
ESD 00
Boiling Range (°C)
145 to 300
Metals (ppm)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
Barium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
0.3
<1.5
<0.6
39.0
Copyright Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division
Shell 99a
Cao 92
Jet A/Jet A-1
Reference ID
Metals (ppm)
Evaporation
(weight %)
0
46
Lead
Magnesium
Molybdenum
Nickel
Titanium
Vanadium
Zinc
Barium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Molybdenum
Nickel
Titanium
Vanadium
Zinc
Acute Toxicity of Water Soluble Fraction (mg/L)
Test Organism
48h LC50
Daphnia magna
(a) results based on GC purge-and-trap analysis
Cao 92
<3
9.6
1.9
<1
2.7
<0.6
2.4
<0.3
<1.5
<0.6
<4
<3
4.7
<0.6
<1
<0.6
<0.6
0.8
6
(a)
Copyright Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division
Harris 94