TEST NAME: Matter
TEST ID: 49717
GRADE: 05
SUBJECT: Life and Physical Sciences
TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom
Matter
Page 1 of 39
Student: Class:
Date:
1.
Which would most likely cause a decrease in the predator population in
an ecosystem?
A.
an increase in the types of plants in the ecosystem
B.
a decrease in the prey population in the ecosystem
C.
an increase in the height of trees in the ecosystem
D.
a decrease in the types of decomposers in the ecosystem
2.
Which best describes the importance of photosynthesis in an ecosystem?
A.
It allows plants to create energy and pass it along to other members
of the ecosystem. B.
It allows animals to create energy and pass it along to other
members of the ecosystem.
C.
It allows decomposers to create energy and pass it along to other
members of the ecosystem.
3.
It is common to see wild animals like deer and coyotes in large cities and
neighborhoods. Which is most likely a reason the animals are found in
these areas?
A.
They prefer to be near houses.
B.
They prefer to be near people.
C.
Their habitat is increasing in size.
D.
Their habitat is decreasing in size.
4.
Which is a benefit of having different types of producers in an ecosystem?
A.
There is more competition for food by consumers.
B.
The ecosystem can support more types of consumers.
C.
There will be more decomposers living in the ecosystem.
D.
The ecosystem will be better able to support carnivores.
Matter
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5.
How would a reduction in the number of producers in an ecosystem affect
the consumers?
A.
Fewer producers in an ecosystem means less carbon dioxide is
available for consumers.
B.
Fewer producers in an ecosystem means less energy is available for
consumers.
C.
Fewer producers in an ecosystem means more oxygen is available for
consumers.
D.
Fewer producers in an ecosystem means more nitrogen is available
for consumers.
6.
A developer buys land on a wooded mountain to build hotels for people
visiting a new winter sports center. How will this most likely affect birds
living in the area?
A.
Birds will become completely dependent on humans for food and
water.
B.
Birds will have more places to build nests as more trees will be
planted.
C.
Population diversity and the number of birds will increase as more
food and water resources become available.
D.
Population diversity and the number of birds will decrease as fewer
food and water resources become available.
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7. Which pair of organisms will most likely compete for a similar food source?
A.
B.
C.
D.
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8. The diagram illustrates a salt marsh ecosystem.
Using the diagram, which statement can most likely be concluded?
A.
The Sun directly provides energy to the heron.
B.
The oysters find shelter in the cordgrass.
C.
The marsh crab uses the terrapin for food.
D.
The cordgrass provides shelter for the periwinkle snail.
9.
Which will most likely result if large areas of trees in a forest are
removed to build neighborhoods?
A.
There would be an increase in the loss of habitats. B.
There would be an increase in the number of predators.
C.
There would be an increase in food resources for animals.
D.
There would be an increase in the number species of plants.
10.
A zebra eats grass and then is eaten by a lion. Which is the predator in
this situation?
A.
grass
B.
lion
C.
sun
D.
zebra
Matter
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11.
Which is one way earthworms improve the ability of most plants to
survive in their habitats?
A.
They improve the quality of the soil.
B.
They provide more water for the soil.
C.
They increase the temperature of the soil.
D.
They fight diseases that occur on plant roots.
12.
Which group will carnivores feed upon?
A.
fungi B.
bacteria C.
consumers D.
producers
13.
Which will most likely happen to the grasshopper population if the grass
population decreases?
A.
The grasshopper population will increase because there will be less
competition.
B.
The grasshopper population will decrease because there will be less
food available.
C.
The grasshopper population will increase because there will be more
food available.
D.
The grasshopper population will decrease because there will be an
increase in the predator population.
14.
An owl gets its energy from a field mouse it eats. From which food source
did the mouse most likely get its energy?
A.
soil
B.
water
C.
sun
D.
grass
Matter
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15.
Maria notices oil leaking from a car onto the street outside her house.
She lives beside a lake and knows the oil will flow into the lake. What is
the best thing for Maria to do at this point?
A.
Alert local officials immediately; they can take action to protect the
quality of the water.
B.
Write a letter in the local paper discussing ways to conserve water in
homes.
C.
Go outside and use cleaning products to clean up the oil spill.
16. Eduardo saw some cats living in an alley. Which of these does a cat need to survive?
A.
grass to sleep in
B.
large trees to climb
C.
predators to chase it
D.
small animals to eat
17.
A rabbit eats a variety of plants in an ecosystem. Which best describes
the effect a drought would have on both rabbits and plants in an
ecosystem?
A.
Both populations would increase.
B.
Both populations would decrease. C.
Plant life would decrease and the rabbit population would increase.
18. The number of fish in a lake suddenly increases. How will the increase most likely affect the lake?
A.
There will be less water in the lake.
B.
More plants will grow in the lake.
C.
More frogs will live in the lake.
D.
There will be fewer insects in the lake.
19.
Which would be most beneficial to a snail in an aquarium ecosystem?
A.
small fish
B.
large rocks
C.
green algae
D.
aquatic insects
Matter
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20. The main source of food for a coyote population in one area is mice. Which is most likely to happen to these
coyotes if a new predator begins eating the mice?
A.
There will be fewer coyotes.
B.
The coyotes will produce more young.
C.
More coyotes will arrive from other locations.
D.
Each coyote will spend less time hunting food.
21.
Which best describes the result if the number of lilypads in a pond
ecosystem increases?
A.
Consumers of the lilypads would increase because of a larger food
source.
B.
The lilypads would prevent fish from absorbing the sun’s energy. C.
Consumers of the lilypads would decrease because of increased
competition. D.
The lilypads would use the oxygen in the air, which would lower the
number of consumers.
22.
Which best explains why sunlight is important in an ecosystem?
A.
Sunlight is the main source of food in an ecosystem.
B.
Sunlight helps the animals in the ecosystem to mate.
C.
Sunlight provides energy for producers in the ecosystem.
D.
Sunlight heats the soil to increase the nutrients for the consumers.
23.
In a grassland ecosystem, lions prey on wildebeest. The population of
wildebeest has declined steadily because of hunting. What will most
likely happen to the lion population?
A.
The lion population will increase.
B.
The lion population will decrease.
C.
The lion population will remain the same.
Matter
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24. Which picture best shows an animal helping a plant?
A.
B.
C.
D.
25. Which part of a pond ecosystem gives small fish shelter?
A.
rocks
B.
water
C.
frogs
D.
soil
26. Farmers plant fruit trees in an area that was once a grassy meadow. Which will most likely happen to the
rabbits living in the meadow?
Matter
A.
They will learn to eat fruit.
B.
They will learn to climb trees.
C.
The number of their young will increase.
D.
The size of their population will decrease.
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27.
Which term defines animals that obtain food by hunting other animals?
A.
predators
B.
prey
C.
producers
D.
scavengers
28.
Which best explains why predators need other animals within an
ecosystem?
A.
They depend on them for food.
B.
They depend on them for water.
C.
They depend on them for protection.
D.
They depend on them for competition.
29.
Which best explains how organisms in an overpopulated community
interact with each other?
A.
They compete with each other for food and survival.
B.
They occupy different habitats to avoid overcrowding.
C.
They work together to gather food for their community.
D.
They use fewer resources so that there is enough for each organism.
30.
In a grassland ecosystem, lions prey on wildebeest. The population of
lions has declined steadily because of illegal hunting. What will most
likely happen to the population of wildebeest?
A.
The wildebeest population will increase.
B.
The wildebeest population will decrease.
C.
The wildebeest population will remain the same.
Matter
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31.
What would most likely happen to producers if clouds constantly blocked
the sun’s rays?
A.
Producers would move to another environment.
B.
Producers would no longer release carbon dioxide.
C.
Producers would rely on other sources for energy.
D.
Producers would be less able to provide energy for other organisms.
32.
Which is most likely responsible for the pollutants that enter a wetland
ecosystem after a heavy rain?
A.
animal waste
B.
human chemical use
C.
atmospheric conditions
D.
changes in daily temperatures
33. The American alligator can be found in wetland habitats.
Scientists think that if populations of American alligators decrease, populations of rats and other small
animals might increase. The relationship between rats and alligators can best be described in which way?
Matter
A.
The alligators eat the rats as food.
B.
The rats eat young alligators as food.
C.
The rats eat food that alligators leave behind.
D.
The alligators and the rats eat the same kind of food.
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34.
Why is the presence of insects in a rain forest ecosystem important?
A.
Insects store water needed by other animals.
B.
Insects create energy needed by other animals.
C.
Insects help keep plant growth under control by eating leaves.
D.
Insects are a source of food for many organisms living in this
ecosystem.
35. Deer are plants­eaters. A winter storm kills many of the plants deer eat. The storm will most likely result in
the deer
A.
shedding a lot of fur.
B.
traveling in a herd.
C.
becoming thin.
D.
feeding on meat.
36.
Which population is the primary cause of habitat reduction?
A.
humans
B.
predators
C.
scavengers
D.
decomposers
37. A group of frogs live together near a small pond. The frogs compete with each other most for which
resource?
A.
air
B.
insects
C.
plants
D.
sunlight
38.
What would most likely happen if there were no plants left in an
ecosystem?
A.
All life within the system would suffer.
B.
Some life within the system would suffer. C.
Herbivores would have to become carnivores.
Matter
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39.
Which would be the most likely result if all the producers in an area were
destroyed?
A.
Herbivores in the area would become carnivores in order to survive.
B.
The number of all of the organisms in the area would increase.
C.
Different types of animals would move into the area.
D.
The number of consumers would greatly decrease.
40. Shaun sees a goldfinch and a junco in a tree at the school.
These birds will most likely have to compete with one another for
A.
food.
B.
mates.
C.
nests.
D.
oxygen.
41.
Matter
Which best explains why many kinds of plants and animals can live
together in an ecosystem?
A.
The plants and animals all care for each other and protect one
another.
B.
The plants and animals are all part of a food chain and depend on
each other to live.
C.
The plants and animals are independent of one another, so they can
live together.
D.
The plants and animals all feed on the same things, so they compete
with each other for food.
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42. What will most likely happen to this food chain if a farmer decides to dust a wheat crop with an insecticide?
wheat → insects → sparrows → hawks
A.
The grass would become greener.
B.
More birds would move into the fields.
C.
The hawks would eat more of the grass.
D.
There would be fewer sparrows seen in the fields.
43.
Which would be most harmful to sea plants living near the surface of the
ocean?
A.
limited sunlight
B.
increased sunlight
C.
more carnivores moving into the area
44.
Which is one way people often destroy animal habitats?
A.
by building new homes
B.
by recycling waste products
C.
by producing new energy sources
D.
by creating new varieties of plants
45.
Two different species in the same ecosystem are most likely to compete
over which limited resource?
A.
air
B.
water
C.
mates
D.
minerals
46.
Matter
When the prey population in an ecosystem increases, which will most
likely happen to the predator population?
A.
The predator population will die out.
B.
The predator population will decrease.
C.
The predator population will gradually increase.
D.
The predator population will move to another ecosystem.
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47.
Many neighborhoods in the western mountains of North Carolina
experience problems with black bears destroying bird feeders and garbage
containers. Which is the most likely explanation for the bears’ actions?
A.
The bears have developed a liking to wild bird feed.
B.
The bears’ behavior is normal; they are just curious animals.
C.
The bears have become lazy and depend on humans for survival.
D.
The bears’ habitat has been reduced due to housing development and
clearing the land.
48. This is a list of some parts of an ecosystem.
star fish
kelp
rocks
salt water
Which ecosystem would have these parts?
A.
a stream
B.
a lake
C.
a tide pool
D.
a river
49.
Which best identifies what is needed for a complete food chain in an
ecosystem?
A.
consumers and producers
B.
decomposers and producers
C.
consumers, producers, and scavengers
D.
producers, consumers, and decomposers
50. A squirrel gathering nuts helps trees
A.
grow.
B.
reproduce.
C.
resist disease.
D.
become stronger.
Matter
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51.
There are usually fewer plants growing on the floor of a deciduous forest
than in the areas outside the forest. Which best describes this situation?
A.
Small plants need more water than tall trees, and there is little water
in a deciduous forest.
B.
Small plants need nutrient­rich soil, and this type of soil cannot be
found in a deciduous forest.
C.
All plants need sunlight to grow, and tall trees block sunlight from
reaching small plants in a deciduous forest.
D.
All plants need carbon dioxide to grow, and small plants cannot get
enough carbon dioxide in a deciduous forest.
52.
In a food chain, foxes are consumers of rabbits and mice. If the mice
population suddenly decreases, what will most likely happen to the
number of foxes?
A.
The number of foxes will increase because they will eat fewer rabbits.
B.
The number of foxes will stay the same because they will eat more
rabbits.
C.
The number of foxes will decrease because they will be eaten by the
rabbits.
D.
The number of foxes will decrease because they will only have one
remaining food source.
53. Which two organisms in the food chain shown below are carnivorous?
A.
grass and mice
B.
mice and snakes
C.
hawks and grass
D.
snakes and hawks
54. Both harbor seals and gray seals can be found on Sable Island in the Atlantic Ocean. As scientists have
studied the island, they have noticed an increase in the population of gray seals. They have also noticed the
population of harbor seals has decreased. Which most likely caused the decrease in the population of the
harbor seals.
A.
change in ocean temperature
B.
an increase in rainfall on the island
C.
competition for food between the seals
D.
change in the type of food eaten by the seals
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55.
Which best describes an animal that hunts living animals for food?
A.
herbivore
B.
predator
C.
prey
D.
scavenger
56.
Which best describes the role of litter in an ecosystem?
A.
Litter causes landfills to fill up more quickly.
B.
Litter is a pollutant that can harm living things in an ecosystem.
C.
Litter provides natural habitats for certain organisms in an
ecosystem.
57.
Which most influences a forest ecosystem’s ability to support life?
A.
the size of the trees and the temperature
B.
the amount of sunlight and the type of soil
C.
the size of the trees and the type of soil
D.
the number of insects and the temperature
58.
Which best describes what would happen if decomposers were removed
from an ecosystem?
A.
The ecosystem would have too many producers.
B.
The ecosystem would only support the consumers.
C.
The ecosystem would increase and produce more organisms.
D.
The ecosystem would fail to support the organisms it contains.
59. In what way do bushes benefit from bears eating their berries?
A.
Their seeds are spread around.
B.
Other predators are scared away.
C.
Nearby ground becomes compacted.
D.
Their stems and branches are broken.
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60.
Which would most likely happen to organisms in an ecosystem if the
temperature suddenly increased for an extended period of time? A.
Some organisms would not survive. B.
All of the organisms will move to nearby ecosystems.
C.
Many of the organisms will quickly adapt to the resulting climate
change.
D.
None of the organisms would be able to adapt to the resulting
climate change.
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61. Students tested how plants grow in different places in the classroom. They planted a seed in a pot for each
place. They drew pictures of each plant after one month. Which diagram is most likely of a plant that was in a
dark closet?
A.
B.
C.
D.
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62.
What would be the best way to prevent people from littering in a public
park?
A.
Only allow people in the park for a few hours a day.
B.
Hang up a sign that says, “Keep our park clean.”
C.
Place garbage cans around the park.
63.
Which action can reduce the amount of garbage produced by humans?
A.
burning the garbage
B.
building more landfills
C.
recycling and reusing materials
D.
dumping the garbage in the ocean
64. Noah visited a park that had many oak trees. Which best describes the role of an oak tree in its ecosystem?
A.
Oak trees can live for a long time.
B.
Oak trees have leaves that change colors.
C.
Oak trees have strong branches and trunks.
D.
Oak trees are a source of food and shelter for animals.
65.
Which would be most directly affected by a reduction in nutrients in the
soil?
A.
sunlight B.
abiotic factors
C.
plant community 66.
Which would most likely happen if all the soil in an ecosystem washed
away?
A.
Most of the plants would die. B.
Most of the plants would grow in rocks.
C.
All animals would become carnivores.
D.
All animals and plants would relocate.
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67. Aphids are tiny insects that feed on the leaves of garden plants. As the aphids eat, they leave behind a sticky
substance called honeydew. This honeydew attracts a substance called sooty mold. When the sooty mold
covers the leaves, it affects how the plant makes its food.
Ladybugs eat aphids. If ladybugs eat all the aphids in a garden, which will most likely increase over time?
A.
the number of ladybugs
B.
the amount of honeydew
C.
the amount of sooty mold
D.
the number of garden plants
68. One year, the oak trees in a park began producing more acorns than usual. The next year, the population of
chipmunks in the park also increased. Which best explains why there were more chipmunks the next year?
A.
Shady areas increased.
B.
Food sources increased.
C.
Oxygen levels increased.
D.
Available water increased.
69.
A group on a safari observes lions interacting with each other. The next
day, the group observes how giraffes interact with each other. On the
third day, the group takes pictures of antelopes in their natural habitats.
What are they studying?
A.
different habitats
B.
different ecosystems
C.
different populations
D.
different communities
Matter
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70.
Which best describes what would happen if the wetlands were to dry up?
A.
Fewer amphibian and reptile eggs would develop.
B.
Amphibians and reptiles would find another source of prey.
C.
Amphibians and reptiles would lay eggs and develop on dry land.
71. Bald eagles were once in danger of extinction. Since being protected by laws, the bald eagle population has
grown. Bald eagles eat a variety of organisms including snakes. How did the increase in the population of
bald eagles most likely affect snakes living in eagle habitats?
A.
The increase reduced the number of snakes.
B.
The increase forced the snakes to change habitats.
C.
The increase made the snakes find new food sources.
D.
The increase caused the snakes to develop new traits.
72.
Which is most likely an effect of construction on a forest ecosystem?
A.
Construction will decrease the amount of sunlight for the ecosystem.
B.
Construction will increase the amount of food for organisms in the
ecosystem.
C.
Construction will increase the number of trees and smaller plants
growing in the ecosystem.
D.
Construction will decrease the amount of natural cover and nesting
places for organisms in the ecosystem.
73.
Which human action will cause the most harm to a wetland ecosystem?
A.
boat fishing in this area
B.
feeding the ducks in this area
C.
building homes around the area
Matter
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74. The gray myotis is a type of bat found in Florida. Gray myotis bats are flying mammals that live close together
in caves. The bats leave the cave each night to hunt insects.
If another population of bats arrived, for which resource in the cave would gray myotis bats most likely
compete with other bats?
A.
air
B.
space
C.
sunlight
D.
water
75.
Which would most likely increase the number of squirrels living in an
area?
A.
cutting down trees that serve as habitats for squirrels
B.
planting trees that produce nuts squirrels do not eat
C.
reducing the number of animals that hunt and kill squirrels
D.
removing all of the food sources for squirrels from the area
76.
Which best explains how an ecosystem supports a variety of organisms?
A.
Most organisms are completely independent.
B.
Organisms sometimes die out and are replaced.
C.
All organisms are able to live in separate habitats.
D.
Organisms use parts of the ecosystem differently.
Matter
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77.
Koala bears eat very little other than eucalyptus leaves. Which would
most likely happen if this food source were destroyed?
A.
Koalas may become extinct.
B.
Koalas may become carnivores.
C.
Koalas may remain in the area.
D.
Koalas may change their mating season.
78. Wood ducks build their nests in holes in trees near lakes. If some of the trees were removed from around
the lake, how would the wood ducks be affected?
A.
Wood ducks would become a new species.
B.
Wood ducks would lay more eggs in each nest.
C.
Wood ducks would increase their competition for nests.
D.
Wood ducks would begin building their nests on the ground.
79.
Which best explains how abiotic factors affect organisms in an
ecosystem?
A.
Abiotic factors rely on living organisms to survive in an ecosystem.
B.
Abiotic factors affect the food chain of organisms within the
ecosystem. C.
Abiotic factors determine the amount of pollution present in an
ecosystem.
D.
Abiotic factors affect the type and number of organisms living in an
ecosystem.
80. What would happen if the snakes were taken out of this food chain?
Clover → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Owl
A.
Frogs would decrease.
B.
Frogs would increase.
C.
Grasshoppers would decrease.
D.
Owls would increase.
Matter
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81.
What would most likely happen if plant life was removed from a pond
ecosystem?
A.
The level of the water in the pond would increase. B.
The number of fish would decrease due to reduced oxygen.
C.
The amount of sunlight reaching the bottom would decrease. D.
The number of fish would increase due to an increase in oxygen. 82.
What would most likely happen to a native fish population if larger, non­
native fish were introduced to a small pond ecosystem?
A.
It would decrease.
B.
It would increase.
C.
It would stay the same.
D.
It would become dominant.
83. Honeybees collect nectar from flowers to make honey. When a honeybee goes to a flower, some of the
pollen gets on its legs. This pollen drops into the next flower the honeybee visits. Which statement best
describes the role of honeybees in the life cycles of flowering plants?
A.
Honeybees help spread plant seeds.
B.
Honeybees help flowering plants reproduce.
C.
Honeybees help plants photosynthesize.
D.
Honeybees provide flowering plants with energy.
84.
Kodiak bears live in a certain part of southwestern Alaska. How would
decreasing the size of the habitats for territorial animals like Kodiak
bears most likely affect them?
A.
They would become herbivores.
B.
They would become endangered.
C.
They would move to another territory.
D.
They would have cubs in other locations.
Matter
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85.
Which food chain below is shown correctly?
A.
B.
C.
86.
Which is the best evidence of the quality of soil composition in a forest
environment?
A.
Decomposers have few dead organisms to eat.
B.
Consumers are able to eat a variety of soil organisms.
C.
Producers are able to easily remove nutrients from the soil.
D.
Scavengers have access to soil nutrients created by decaying
organisms.
Matter
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87. A simple food web is shown.
Which population would most likely increase if the crayfish population decreased?
A.
hawk
B.
mink
C.
fish
D.
snail
88.
The average temperatures rise in an area, making a lake get warmer and
warmer. This makes it impossible for plankton to survive in the lake.
Which is the most likely result?
A.
The organisms that eat plankton will begin finding different food
sources.
B.
The plankton will quickly adapt and be able to survive in the warmer
water.
C.
The plankton will die, but the other organisms in the ecosystem will
be unaffected.
D.
The food web within the lake will change, and other organisms may
begin to die.
89.
Matter
Billy lives near a lake where he likes to go fishing. He notices that many
fish in the lake are dying. Which most likely explains why the fish are
dying?
A.
A tree fell into the lake.
B.
The sun is shining directly on the lake.
C.
Rainfall has caused the lake level to rise.
D.
The lake has become muddy because of construction.
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90.
When the predator population in an ecosystem decreases, which will
most likely happen to the prey population?
A.
The prey population will die out.
B.
The prey population will decrease.
C.
The prey population will gradually increase.
D.
The prey population will move to another ecosystem.
91. Josefina saw a house covered in a plant called kudzu.
Kudzu grows so fast it can cover objects and even other plants causing them to die. How does the ability to
grow quickly most likely help kudzu survive?
A.
It uses structures like houses for protection.
B.
It makes the plant more resistant to disease.
C.
It reduces the competition for resources.
D.
It allows for new plant species to grow.
92.
Which is most likely to happen if an ecosystem does not receive sunlight
for a long time?
A.
All living organisms would eventually die.
B.
The number of plants would be increased.
C.
All living organisms would eventually adapt.
D.
The number of herbivores would be increased.
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93. Look at the food chain below. Leaf → Cricket → Frog → Garter snake → Skunk
What would most likely cause the number of garter snakes to decrease?
A.
more leaves
B.
more crickets
C.
more frogs
D.
more skunks
94. Which illustration below shows living things helping each other?
A.
B.
C.
D.
95. The diagram shows a food web in an ecosystem.
The removal of which organism would result in the most damage to the ecosystem?
A.
fox
B.
rabbit
C.
grasshopper
D.
grass
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96.
What is the primary source of energy in many ecosystems?
A.
water
B.
the Sun
C.
consumers
D.
producers
97.
Which type of organisms would be most affected if many plant­eating
animals became extinct in an ecosystem?
A.
decomposers
B.
consumers
C.
omnivores
D.
producers
98.
An ecologist makes the following observations in her journal: drinks at 7:00 a.m.
sleeps from 8:30 a.m. to 9:00 a.m.
eats at 10:00 a.m.
sleeps 11:00 a.m. until noon
Which is she describing?
A.
the niche of an organism
B.
the habitat of an organism
C.
the community of an organism
D.
the relationships between organisms
99. Which would be the most likely effect of a large decrease in the number of woodpeckers in a forest?
A.
Temperatures would increase.
B.
Precipitation would increase.
C.
The number of trees in the forest would increase.
D.
The insect population in the forest would increase.
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100.
Which best explains why the sun is important to all ecosystems? A.
It provides heat.
B.
It provides daylight.
C.
Producers rely on it to make their food. 101. A list is shown.
? • Used to make cheese and yogurt
• Used to help break down food for digestion
• Used to make antibiotics
• Used to clean up certain chemical spills
Which title is best for this list?
A.
Jobs Performed by Animals Instead of People
B.
Ways Fungi Are Dangerous to People
C.
Benefits of Some Microbes for People
D.
Types of Infections Bacteria Cause in People
102. Deer are herbivores that often live on the edges of forests. • Describe an effect on the ecosystem if the number of deer in an area increases.
• Explain how an increase in deer populations could affect deer predators.
103.
Fred goes fishing and notices a sign near the lake saying that he must
release all the fish back into the water after he catches them. Which
explains how this would most likely benefit the ecosystem?
A.
It helps to maintain a balanced food chain.
B.
It supplies more food for aquatic life living in the lake.
C.
It keeps fish available for the next people that come fishing.
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104. The seed shown grows on a short plant. The seed is covered by small points that can stick to other objects.
Which will most likely transport this seed to a new location?
A.
flowing water
B.
the pull of gravity
C.
the wind blowing
D.
being carried by an animal
105.
Why are different types of organisms able to live together in the
wetlands?
A.
The wetlands provide different temperatures to support different
organisms.
B.
Animals can move from one part of the wetlands to another,
depending on their size.
C.
The wetlands provide a wide variety of breeding and growing areas
for many species.
106. What do all these ecosystems have in common?
Four Ecosystems
reef
pond
marsh
prairie
A.
fish
B.
sunlight
C.
salt water
D.
tall grasses
107.
Why do most amphibians lay their eggs in wetlands?
A.
Most amphibians need to lay their eggs under water or on moist
ground.
B.
Most amphibians lay eggs in the area where they find a warm spot.
C.
Most amphibians lay eggs in an area where they are prey.
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108.
When does the greatest competition occur for food and water between
organisms from different populations? A.
when the populations require similar shelter
B.
when the populations occupy the same niche
C.
when the populations are in different ecosystems
D.
when the populations hunt at the same time of day
109. When a mother dog gives birth to a litter of puppies, she produces milk.
Each newborn puppy competes with its litter mates to get close to their mother. What are the puppies
competing for most?
A.
air
B.
attention
C.
food
D.
shelter
110. Some birds eat seeds. If a bird drops a seed in soil, which best explains how a plant could be helped?
A.
It could get more sunlight.
B.
It has a chance to reproduce.
C.
It gets closer to water.
D.
It makes more oxygen.
111.
Some diving sea birds, such as puffins, often eat sand eels as their major
source of food. What would most likely happen as a result of over­fishing
sand eels?
A.
The size of the sand eels would become larger.
B.
The sand eels would move to fresh waters.
C.
The sea birds would eat other sources of food.
D.
The sea birds would move to other areas to hunt for sand eels.
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112.
When is an ecosystem able to best support a variety of organisms?
A.
when only one type of shelter is available
B.
when organisms share food and habitats equally
C.
when organisms use the parts of the ecosystem differently
D.
when there is a high level of competition for food among organisms
113. European starlings are birds that take over the nests of other birds. When they move into an area, starlings
reproduce quickly. Taking over the nests of other birds most likely increases the number of starlings by
helping them to do what?
A.
attract a better mate
B.
compete for resources
C.
migrate during the winter
D.
blend in with the environment
114.
Which consumer in a grassland ecosystem would be considered
both predator and prey?
A.
a grasshopper, because it eats grass and is eaten by birds
B.
a rabbit, because it eats snakes and is eaten by deer
C.
a snake, because it eats mice and is eaten by hawks
D.
an earthworm, because it eats dead animals and is eaten by birds
115. The table shows the food sources for some freshwater fish that live in the Everglades.
Freshwater Fish of the Everglades
Fish Type
Food Source
Florida gar
Small fish and shrimp
Mosquito fish
Mosquitos and other insects
Sailfin molly
Plants and algae
Largemouth bass
Small fish and frogs
Based on the table, which fish are most likely competing with each other for food?
A.
Florida gar and Mosquito fish
B.
Sailfin molly and Mosquito fish
C.
Florida gar and Largemouth bass
D.
Sailfin molly and Largemouth bass
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116.
For many years, farmers used a chemical called DDT to kill insects in their
crops. Gradually, the chemical made its way into streams, rivers, and
lakes. After DDT had been used for several years, bald eagles began
laying eggs with very thin shells and became endangered. Which is most
likely a reason why this happened to bald eagles? A.
The water they drank had minerals in it. B.
The fish they ate had pesticides in them. C.
There was not enough food for them to eat. D.
There was not enough water for them to drink. 117. Which pair of organisms benefits each other the most?
A.
birds building a nest in a bush
B.
worms eating the roots of a plant
C.
squirrels burying seeds from a tree
D.
deer scraping their antlers on a tree
118.
Which best describes an ecosystem?
A.
a kingdom of animals
B.
all the life on a specific continent C.
a community of plants and animals
119.
Field mice eat corn. Which would most likely happen if the field mouse
population grew?
A.
There would be more corn to feed the field mice.
B.
There would be less corn due to the mice eating it.
C.
The habitat would get overpopulated because the mice would eat too
much.
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120.
Which is the most important reason endangered species should be
protected?
A.
People pay a lot of money to visit zoos and see endangered animals.
B.
Protecting endangered species removes pollution from the
environment.
C.
Endangered species are viewed as unique by the people in the
community.
D.
When any endangered species dies it affects other animals within the
ecosystem.
121. Which of these is not a benefit of microorganisms?
A.
They release nutrients in soil.
B.
They help make antibiotics.
C.
They cause food to spoil.
D.
They break down waste.
122. A bee depends on certain flowers for food. The flowers depend on the bee to
A.
carry pollen for reproduction.
B.
make sugars for photosynthesis.
C.
remove wastes for healthy growth.
D.
sting herbivores for protection.
123. Numbers of Florida scrub jays have recently been decreasing throughout Florida.
Which is the most likely reason for smaller populations of Florida Scrub Jays?
A.
habitat loss
B.
fewer predators
C.
more eggs hatching
D.
new food sources available
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124.
Which organism’s food source would most likely be the first to be
affected by a drought?
A.
owl
B.
wolf
C.
rabbit
D.
mushroom
125. The picture shows two different white oak trees. Tree 1 grows in an open field. Tree 2 grows in a forest with
many other trees.
Tree 2 grew tall because it is competing for a resource. For what resource is Tree 2 most likely competing?
A.
birds
B.
insects
C.
rain
D.
sunlight
126. What is an example of a shelter in an ecosystem?
A.
a gray squirrel eating an acorn
B.
a raccoon in a hollow log
C.
a blue whale migrating
D.
a tick feeding on a coyote
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127.
What would most likely happen in a forest ecosystem if dead plants and
animals did not decompose?
A.
The quality of the soil would decrease.
B.
The population of fungi would increase.
C.
The predator population would leave the area.
D.
The quality of the air in the forest would decrease.
128. Screech owls nest in holes in trees. They eat mice and crickets. Where would a screech owl most likely live?
A.
a beach
B.
a forest
C.
a desert
D.
a rainforest
129.
Who would be most affected if the number of producers in the ocean
decreased?
A.
carnivores
B.
herbivores
C.
decomposers
130.
A pond has become overgrown with algae. The fish and plants in the pond
are beginning to die. Which human activity would most likely be
responsible for the decrease in pond life?
A.
people throwing garbage near a road
B.
farmers using excess fertilizers on crops
C.
logging companies cutting trees in forests
D.
factories producing smoke that pollutes the air
131.
Which is a possible result of humans destroying habitats?
A.
an increase in available niches
B.
an increase in the number of prey
C.
an increase in the number of predators
D.
an increase in the number of endangered species
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132. A population of deer recently increased in size. Which most likely could have caused the deer population to
increase?
A.
a disease was spreading
B.
their habitat was destroyed
C.
food sources were hard to find
D.
their predators were disappearing
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