Should the Brazilian Favela’s be destroyed to make room for the World Cup and the Olympics?
Should the Brazilian Favela’s be destroyed to make room for the World
Cup and the Olympics?
Should Rio De Janeiro’s Favelas be knocked down in preparation for the 2014 World cup and the 2016
Olympics?
The Brazilian government is currently preparing for two major worldwide sporting event to come to
Brazil. As a result they are looking to improve the infrastructure in the major cities that will be hosting
parts of the games. Rio De Janeiro is one of the main areas that is being used for both events and the
government have plans to redevelop large areas of the city. As a result of this Favelas in the city are
being knocked down and the areas improved. This has caused controversy as many families are losing
home and there are questions over the relocation packages that are being given by the government.
We would like to focus this piece of work on the changes to the city and the arguments for and against
it.
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Stage 1: Research (5 hours)
- Time to find out information about the issue.
- Decide how you are going to present the information.
Make some notes on the issue and plan how you will present this
Stage 2: Write up / report (5 hours)
Write up using the information that you collected in the research phase.
- Analyse and evaluate the information.
- Refer to the mark scheme throughout.
You can choose how you present this project – it can be a report, recording, a
film, radio show, giant poster, newspaper or leaflet.
-
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What is it all about?
Where?
*2014 world cup and 2016
Olympics to be in Brazil
*City in need of a clean up
*£9.9 billion for construction
*260,000 households knocked
down.
*1.5 million people evicted from
Favelas across the country.
*Urbanisation of the city
developed
Your*Infrastructure
report should to
bebe
4 sides
of A4 and include the following:
Should the Brazilian Favela’s be destroyed to make room for the World Cup and the Olympics?
1. Introduce the place and the nature of the
issue/controversy
a. Where is Brazil and Rio de Janeiro?
b. What is Rio like? What are the favelas like?
c. What are the plans for the sporting events?
2. Explore the views of people on one side of
the argument and suggest why they hold
these views
a. Who wants the development to go ahead?
b. Why is the development of the city a good thing?
c. Consider why the government want this to go
ahead and the long term impacts it will have.
3. Explore the views of on the other side of the argument and why these
opposing views are held
a. Who doesn’t want the development to go ahead and why?
b. Explain why these people are not benefiting from the developments in the city.
c. Consider why the locals from the favela’s are not happy with the plans.
4. What are the attitudes and opinions of the different groups and why do
they hold these views?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Mayor of Rio De Janerio: Edwuardo Paes
Rio Housing minister: Jorge Bittar
Amnesty International: Salil Shetty
Favela Resident: Eomar Freitas
Lawyer Roberto Benedito Barbosa
Luiz Carlos Toledo: local urbanistas
WHAT DO THESE GROUPS WANT TO
HAPPEN TO THE LAND?
IMPORTANT TIP: Show that you
understand why these groups hold these
5. Give your own view and say why you hold that view
a. Consider how you think the developments should be
managed.
b. What might work for a sustainable future for Rio and why?
c. Consider plans that have been used in other countries and
how these have worked.
d. What should the role of the governments be?
e. How can the locals help with your plans?
TIP: You need to consider impacts throughout: think
The
of different
involved
about
theviews
economic,
socialpeople
and environmental
consequences
views
Should the Brazilian Favela’s be destroyed to make room for the World Cup and the Olympics?
Mayor of Rio De Janerio: Edwuardo Paes
http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/rio-mayor-paes.html
“The Olympics will change Rio for the better”
“Hundreds of slums will be rebuilt and the worst slums
will be torn down to improve the city. 13,000 families
will be relocated. The full rebuild will take 10 years”
Rio Housing minister: Jorge Bittar
“The £285 million project to transform the Maracana
region of Rio is going to have fantastic results. This
rejuvenation of the city will help a very poor
community gain a better standard of living”
Amnesty International: Salil Shetty
We are asking that authorities do not go ahead with these plans
and that the development does not take place. The world cup
and the Olympics should help the rich and the poor, these plans
do not do this.
Favella Resident: Eomar Freitas
“I have been evicted from my family home where my family has
lived for over 40 years and I have not received enough money to
pay for rent in a new area. I am going to end up living on the street
at this rate.”
Lawyer Roberto Benedito Barbosa: an activist in the Sao Paulo Union of Housing
Movements (UMM)
"Thousands of people in favelas (shanty towns) in Rio de Janeiro are being
evicted from their homes as Brazil prepares for the 2016 Olympic Games,
and the same is happening in other cities that will host matches during
the 2014 World Cup. This is being done "to move the poor farther and
farther away from rich neighbourhoods”.
Should the Brazilian Favela’s be destroyed to make room for the World Cup and the Olympics?
Brazilian urban specialist Raquel Rolnik: United Nations spokesperson for the
Right to Decent Housing
Thousands of people had been evicted from their dwellings, there
has been very little communication with the communities effected
and people are being left homeless. “…particularly worried about
what seems to be a pattern in this wave of evictions. There is no
transparency, consultation or dialogue with the communities that
have been or will be displaced in the run-up to the World Cup and
the Olympic Games.”
Luiz Carlos Toledo: local urbanistas
With the 2014 World Cup and 2016 Olympics on the
horizon, authorities are engaging in two simultaneous
battles to improve life in the favelas: implementing
"pioneering" pacification schemes in the slums and
splashing out billions of dollars remodelling the favelas as
part of an urbanisation initiative called Morar Carioca
(roughly "Rio Living").
EXTRA HELP and GUIDANCE
BBC News: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-10783219
BBC News world cup: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/8702891.stm
Social watch: http://www.socialwatch.org/node/13589
The Guardian: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/apr/26/favela-ghost-town-rioworld-cup
The Guardian Favella Homes: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2011/apr/25/riofavela-homes-world-cup-video?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487
Rebuilding favelas: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/dec/05/rio-de-janeirofavelas-brazil?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487
“Any decision made will have implications for generations to
Should the Brazilian Favela’s be destroyed to make room for the World Cup and the Olympics?
L1
The candidate …
… is able to recall some facts
L2
1-2
N/A
3-4
Facts
AO1
Geographical terms
Understanding that
the issue is
controversial
Differing views
AO2
AO3
Communication skills
Mode of
presentation
5-6
… uses relevant, specialised
geographical terms accurately.
… is able to articulate, in some
detail, why the issue is controversial.
… reports differing views on
the issue.
… is able to report differing views on
the issue, although an explanation of
why those views are held may be
limited.
… is able to articulate and explain
why differing views are held across a
number of groups and / or
individuals involved.
5
3-4
…gives his / her own reasoned view
6
1-2
The candidate …
… is able to recall a wide range of
specific detail relating to the issue
and to the location being studied.
… is able to explain why the issue is
controversial.
… offers his / her own view
on the issue.
Selecting and
presenting
Linkage between
textual and graphical
work
… uses some geographical terms
appropriately.
L3
… is aware that the issue is
controversial.
1-2
The candidate’s own
view
The candidate …
… is able to recall specific facts relating
to the issue and to the location being
studied.
… selects, presents and
communicates some material
that is relevant to the issue.
… uses a range of appropriate
techniques to collect and record
(where fieldwork is involved), select,
process, refine and present
geographical data.
There may be little
progression or linkage in the
work.
Communication skills are
utilised to ensure that some
meaning is conveyed
Linkage between textual, graphical
(and where appropriate oral evidence),
is sound.
Communication skills are utilised to
ensure that a logical progression
through the issue is evident.
N/A
3-5
The mode of presentation selected by
the candidate is appropriate.
6-8
… own views on the issue are
explained and justified.
… offers a realistic resolution to the
issue.
… utilises a wide range of entirely
appropriate techniques to collect
and record (where fieldwork is
involved), select, process, refine and
present geographical data.
Linkage between graphical and
textual (and oral evidence where
appropriate), is immaculate.
Communication skills are highly
developed, not least in the ability of
the candidate to weigh up the
evidence available and present a
logical argument.
The mode of presentation selected
by the candidate is entirely
appropriate and fit for purpose.
evidence
Should the Brazilian Favela’s be destroyed to make room for the World Cup and the Olympics?
How to reach the higher levels …
Key points:

Make sure that you know the two strands that run through the criteria
for “application” in the Issue.
One possible strategy:



The Stakeholders are listed (left)
Each viewpoint is expressed
The views are placed on a continuum (ranging from those against the plan, to those in
favour, and then all points between)
Problem:

ONLY THE VIEWS ARE GIVEN. There is very little info contained in the viewpoint as to why
they hold their view. This would mean you could ONLY get up to 1 or 2 marks in the
‘application’ section on the mark scheme.

Additional “understanding” is needed to gain any more marks.

More marks can be awarded if you successfully explain why they placed
the viewpoints along the continuum, in that particular order.

But notice, this is still only Level 1 (max 2 marks) for “application” - i.e.
reporting the views held, not explaining them!
Solution:

Therefore, you MUST explain the viewpoint that is given AND the reasons why the view is
held.
But be careful:

You may have given 7 / 8 / 9 or more views, but you only need to explain why about 3 of
the viewpoints are held - with only 5 hours write-up, you don’t have much time to explain
too many more!
So therefore remember:
Step 1 – state the view of the stakeholder (Level 1 marks – 1-2 marks)
 As long as you report the views I have given you on the ‘Viewpoints’ sheet and the fact
that all you need to do is research a couple more viewpoints, beyond those I have gave
you, means it is easy to get to level 1 (1 mark)
 If you can then put them (plus the additional views you have researched) in a table –
those for and those against, or along a continuum (which is more sophisticated), means
you can pick up “understanding” marks and gets you 2 marks easily
Step 2 – explain in a basic way why the view is held (Level 2 marks – 3-4 marks)
Step 3 – give a sophisticated reason(s) why the view is held (Level 3 marks – 5-6 marks)