Table 919.3.1
Moduli of Elasticity and Thermal Expansion Coefficients
Modulus of
Elasticity,
psi x 10−6
Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion,
in./in., °F _ 10−6
[Note (1)]
0
25
50
70
100
125
Carbon steel
27.5
6.33
−0.49
−0.32
−0.14
0
0.23
0.42
Austenitic stainless
steel
29.0
9.27
−0.72
−0.46
−0.21
0
0.34
0.62
Aluminum
10.0
12.69
−0.97
−0.63
−0.28
0
0.46
0.85
Gray cast iron
13.0
5.76
−0.49
−0.32
−0.14
0
0.21
0.38
Ductile Iron
...
5.97
−0.46
−0.30
−0.14
0
0.21
0.39
Copper C12200
(99.9Cu)
17.0
9.50
−0.80
−0.51
−0.23
0
0.34
0.63
Copper CA 23000
(red brass) (85Cu)
17.0
10.40
−0.87
−0.56
−0.25
0
0.37
0.69
ABS 1210
1316
2112
0.25
0.34
...
...
...
...
...
...
−1.32
−0.96
−0.96
0
0
0
1.98
1.44
1.44
...
...
...
55.0
40.0
40.0
CPVC 4120
0.42
35.0
...
...
−0.84
0
1.26
2.31
PVC 1120
1220
2110
2120
0.42
0.41
0.34
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
−0.72
−0.84
−1.20
−0.72
0
0
0
0
1.08
1.26
1.80
1.08
...
...
...
...
30.0
35.0
50.0
30.0
PB 2110
...
72.0
...
...
−1.73
0
2.59
4.75
PE 2306
3306
3406
0.09
0.13
0.15
80.0
70.0
60.0
...
...
...
...
...
0
0
0
2.88
2.52
2.16
...
...
...
−1.92
−1.68
−1.44
PP 1110
1208
2105
...
...
48.0
43.0
40.0
...
...
...
...
...
0
0
0
1.73
1.55
1.44
...
...
...
−1.15
−1.03
−0.96
Material
RTRP
...
Linear Thermal Expansion, in./100 ft,
Between 70°F and Indicated Temperature, °F
...
...
...
...
Consult manufacturer
NOTE:
(1) Average of the mean values over the temperature range for which data are shown.
has no more than two pipe sizes, differing by one standard size; the least nominal wall thickness is no less
than 75% of the greatest; and thermal expansion in the
segment satisfies Eq. (8):
(U.S. Customary Units)
DY/(L − U)2 ≤ 0.03
(8)
(SI Units)
DY/(L − U) 2 ≤ 208.3
where
D = the nominal size of the larger pipe in the
segment
Y = resultant of movements to be absorbed by pipe
lines, in. (mm)
INSERT
L = developed length of line axis, ft (m)
U = anchor distance (length of straight line joining)
NOTE: There is no assurance that Eq. (8) is always accurate or
conservative, especially for nearly straight sawtooth segments or
for unequal leg U-bends where L⁄U is more than 2.5. There is no
assurance that end reactions will be acceptably low.
(3) The system is laid out with a conservative margin of inherent flexibility, or employs joining methods,
expansion devices, or a combination of joining method
and expansion devices in accordance with applicable
manufacturers’ instructions.
(b) Other Methods of Analysis. Piping systems which
do not meet the criteria of 919.4.1(a) shall be analyzed
by suitable approximate or conservative methods as outlined in ASME B31.1, paras. 119.7.1(C) and (D), and as
directed elsewhere in para. 119 of ASME B31.1.