Chapter 1 Review Name:___Answer Key___________________________________Period:_________
Answer the following questions to the best of your ability:
1. Use the illustration above to decide if the following statements are based on evidence or inference.
Then below each statement give an explanation of why you decided that the statement is based on
evidence or inference.
Evidence or
Inference
Explanation of why you decided that the statement is based on evidence or
inference.
a. The highway is broken.
evidence
b. The house collapsed at the same time that the poles fell down.
inference
c. The road damage is serious, and it will be very expensive to repair.
inference
d. Some telephone poles are slanted and some wires are down.
evidence
e. The house is built on unstable land.
evidence
f. The damage at this scene was caused by an explosion.
inference
g. The land is higher on one side of the break than on the other side.
evidence
h. An earthquake has occurred.
inference
2. Circle which of the following are examples of a scientific question.
a) Is experimenting on white mice right or wrong?
b) Should scientists make as much money as athletes?
c) Does tanning harm the skin?
d) Who is the most famous scientist in the world?
3. In an experiment investigating how far model airplanes with different shapes can travel, what are
variables that need to be controlled?
Same type of wood used; same mass of the planes; same glue used; air currents and breezes
4. In an experiment studying the effects of acid rain on pond water, what would be the control group
and what would be the experimental group?
Control group – a container of pond water with nothing added to it
Experimental group – a container of pond water with acid added to it
5. You are planning an experiment to find out whether the rate at which water freezes depends on the
shape of its container.
Write a scientific testable question for this experiment.
Does the shape of a container affect the rate at which water will freeze?
Write a hypothesis (IF/THEN/BECAUSE!).
If a container is shallow then it will freeze water faster because the broad surface allows heat energy
to be released at a faster rate.
Identify the:
a) manipulated variable - shape of container
b) responding variable - time for water to freeze
c) two control variables - same amount of water, same initial temperature of water
6. Researchers want to determine the best temperature for storing batteries.
Write a scientific testable question for this experiment.
Does storage temperature affect battery life?
Write a hypothesis (IF/THEN/BECAUSE!).
If batteries are stored in a refrigerator then they will have a longer life because the cold
temperature slows down the chemical reaction in batteries.
Identify the:
a) manipulated variable - storage temperature
b) responding variable – hours of use after storage
c) two control variables - same kind of batteries, same expiration date
7. List the Nutritional Facts:
Serving size (in mL):
240
Calories per serving:
70
Sodium (mg): 25
Potassium (mg): 100
Total Carbohydrates (g): 18
What is the percent (%) of solids? SHOW ALL WORK
Salts= 25mg + 100mg = 125mg/1000 = .125g
18g + .125g / 240 x 100 = 7.6%
Lab Write Up Practice
Practice Makes Perfect: Mr. Smith wanted his students to do better on their next Science Test, so he did some
research on college football teams. From his research he found out that the teams that played the most
scrimmages (practice games) before their first game won the most football games that season. From this Mr.
Smith concluded that the more practice the football team got before a game, the better they would do when it
came time to play the real thing. This helped Mr. Smith to decide how to conduct an experiment on his
students. He divided his students into 5 groups based on how much homework they would be required to
complete before a test. The groups contained 30 students each, all students were in 9th grade, each group was
given 20 homework assignments before their next test, and each group had 15 boys and 15 girls in the group.
Here is that data from his experiment:
Trials (Groups)
# of Homework
Assignments Students
were Required to
Complete(#)
Students Average Scores on the
Test
(Points)
Students Average Scores on Test
(%)
1
2
3
4
5
0
5
10
15
20
27/50
31/50
38/50
45/50
49/50
54
62
76
90
98
Use the information above to answer the following: (Don’t be Lazy, it will cost you)
1. Whatisatestablequestionforthisexperiment?
Will students do better on tests if they are required to do more homework assignments
before a test?
2. WriteagoodHypothesisforMr.Smith:
If Mr. Smith increases the number of required homework assignments then students will do
better on their test scores because research shows that football teams that have more
practice games before a real game won more football games in a season.
3. TheManipulatedVariableis:
Number of homework assignments students were required to complete
4. TheRespondingVariableis:
Students average test scores.
5. TheControlGroupis:
The group that didn’t get any homework assigned.
6. Give3ControlledVariables:
all students were in 9th grade, all given 20 homework assignments before their next test, Same number of
boys, same number of girls
__________________________ ____________________________
7. WriteagoodConclusionforMr.Smith’sExperiment:
The fact that the group that was required to complete the most homework scored an average
of 44% better on their tests supports the conclusion that if Mr. Smith increases the number
of required hw assignments then students will do better on their tests, because in trials #1-5
the students that weren’t required to complete any of the 20 assignments received an average
of 54% (failing), the students that were required to turn in 10 of the 20 got an average of
76% and the students that were required to do them all got a 98%! A possible source of error
could be that students were not all at the same ability level. This experiment could be
improved by testing this at different grade levels to see if results are still the same.