P&L - 1
PROFIT AND LOSS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
When the selling price of an article is Rs 280, the
loss percentage is 20%. What is the loss or gain
percentage, if the selling price is increased to
Rs 380 ?
(a)
4
8 % , profit
7
(b)
5
4 % , loss
7
(c)
50
% , profit
3
(d)
4
9
% , profit
11
8.
9.
A man buys 25 chairs for Rs 375 and sells them at a
profit equal to the selling price of 5 chairs. What is
the selling price of one chair ?
(a)
Rs 18.75
(b)
Rs 14.50
(c)
Rs 15.20
(d)
Rs 17.20
10.
If a man reduces the selling price of a fan from
Rs 400 to Rs 380, his loss increases from x% to
(x + 4)%. What is the cost price of the fan ?
(a)
Rs 420
(b)
Rs 550
(c)
Rs 500
(d)
Rs 400
A dishonest seller uses a weight of 800 g in place of
1 kg and adds 20% impurities in sugar. What would
be his profit percentage, if he claims to sell the goods
at the cost price ?
(a)
50%
(b)
40%
(c)
25%
(d)
45.5%
11.
A business man marked the price of his goods 30%
1
of his stock
4
at a discount of 15%, and half of the stock at the
marked price, and rest at a discount of 30%. Find
his gain percentage.
more than his cost price. He then sells
6.
7.
(a)
16.5%
(b)
3
15 %
8
(c)
14.20%
(d)
13.37%
12.
If a selling price of Rs 24 results in a 20% discount
of the list price, the selling price that would result
in a 30% discount off the list price, is
(a)
Rs 16
(b)
Rs 21
(c)
Rs 25
(d)
Rs 31
(a)
Rs 23
(b)
Rs 24
(c)
Rs 25
(d)
none of these
A bought an article and spent Rs 110 on its repair.
He then sold it to B at 20% profit, B sold it to C at
a loss of 10% and C sold it for Rs 1188 at a profit of
10%. What is the amount for which A bought the
article ?
(a)
Rs 850
(b)
Rs 950
(c)
Rs 930
(d)
Rs 890
A person earns 15% on an investment but loses 10%
on another investment. If the ratio of the two
investments be 3 : 5, what is the gain or loss on the
two investments taken together ?
(a)
1
6 % loss
4
(b)
1
13 % gain
8
(c)
1
13 % loss
8
(d)
none of these
A man bought an article and sold it at a gain of 5%.
If he had bought it at 5% less and sold it for
Re 1 less, he would have made a profit of 10%. The
cost price of the article was
(a)
Rs 100
(b)
Rs 150
(c)
Rs 200
(d)
Rs 500
An electronic items dealer bought 10 washing
machines and 15 microwave ovens for Rs 2,05,000.
He sold 80% of the washing machines and
12 microwave ovens for a profit of Rs 40,000. Each
washing machine was marked up by 20% over cost
and each microwave oven was sold at a profit of
Rs 2,000. The remaining washing machines and
3 microwave ovens could not be sold. What is the
dealer’s over all profit/loss ?
(a)
Rs 2500, loss
(b)
(c)
Rs 1000, profit (d)
Rs 1000, loss
Rs 2500, profit
(a)
4%
(b)
5%
A watch dealer sells watches at Rs 800 per watch.
Due to competition he gives two successive discounts
of 10% and 5% respectively. However recovers the
sales tax on the net sale price from the customer at
5% of the net price. What price does a customer
has to pay him to buy a watch ?
(c)
1%
(d)
2%
(a)
Rs 680.50
(b)
Rs 718.20
(c)
Rs 712.80
(d)
Rs 634.10
A trader marks his goods 20% above the cost price
and allows a discount of 15% on it. Find his gain
percent
Einstein Classes,
13.
By mixing two qualities of pulses in the ratio 2 : 3
and selling the mixture at a ate of Rs 22 per
kilogram, a shopkeeper makes a profit of 10%. If
the cost of smaller quantity be Rs 14 per kg, the
cost per kilogram of the larger quantity is
Unit No. 102, 103, Vardhman Ring Road Plaza, Vikas Puri Extn., Outer Ring Road
New Delhi – 110 018, Ph. : 9312629035, 8527112111
P&L - 2
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
A shopkeeper calculates profit percentage on the
cost price and another on the selling price. What
will be their difference in profits, if both claim a
profit of 25% on goods sold for Rs 4000 ?
(a)
Rs 250
(b)
Rs 325
(c)
Rs 200
(d)
none of these
A shopkeeper buys an article for Rs 650 and marks
it for sale at a price that gives him 70% profit on
the cost price. He, however, gives a discount of 20%
on the marked price to his customer. Calculate the
actual percentage profit made by the shopkeeper.
(a)
53%
(b)
50%
(c)
36%
(d)
26%
A trader purchases apples at Rs 60 per hundred.
He spends 15% on the transportation. What should
be the selling price per 100 to earn a profit of
20% ?
(a)
Rs 72
(b)
Rs 81.80
(c)
Rs 82.80
(d)
Rs 83.80
A shopkeeper allows a discount of 12.5% on the
marked price of a certain article and makes a profit
of 20%. If the article costs the shopkeeper Rs 210,
what price must be marked on the article ?
(a)
Rs 280
(b)
Rs 288
(c)
Rs 300
(d)
none of these
A dealer marks articles at a price that gives him a
profit of 30%. 6% of the consignment of goods was
lost in a fire in his premises, 24% was soiled and
had to be sold at half the cost price. If the
remainder was sold at the marked price, what
percentage profit or loss did the dealer make on
the consignment ?
(a)
2%
(b)
2.5%
(c)
3%
(d)
6.2%
An article costing Rs 40 was marked 25% above
the cost price. If it is sold to a customer after giving
two successive discounts of the same percentage he
pays Rs 40.50. What would be the percentage
change in profit, if the price of the article is
increased successively twice instead of reducing it.
(a)
+ 2500%
(b)
+ 3500%
(c)
+ 4000%
(d)
+ 4500%
A trademan fixes his selling price of goods at 20%
above the cost price. He sells half the stock at his
price, One fourth of the stock at a discount of 15%
on the original selling price and rest at a discount
of 20% on the selling price. Find the gain
percentage altogether.
(a)
8.5%
(b)
10%
(c)
7.5%
(d)
9.5%
Einstein Classes,
Unit No. 102, 103, Vardhman Ring Road Plaza, Vikas Puri Extn., Outer Ring Road
New Delhi – 110 018, Ph. : 9312629035, 8527112111
P&L - 3
ANSWERS
1.
a
2.
a
3.
c
4.
a
5.
b
6.
b
7.
d
8.
b
9.
d
10.
d
11.
c
12.
b
13.
b
14.
a
15.
c
16.
c
17.
b
18.
c
19.
c
20.
d
SOLUTIONS
1.
The cost price of an article at a loss of 20%

280  100
 Rs 350
80
New SP of an article = Rs 380

Profit = 380 – 350 = Rs 30
Hence, profit % =
2.
1000
 3  100  50%
2000
3
5.
Let the cost price of 100 items be Rs 100.
Marked price of the same = Rs 130
30
4
 100  8 %
50
7
1 
SP of 25 items  th  at a discount of 15%
4 
SP of 25 chairs = CP of 25 chairs + profit
SP of 25 chairs = CP of 25 chairs + SP of 5 chairs
= Rs
( profit = SP of 5 chairs)
3.

SP of 20 chairs = CP of 25 chairs

SP of 20 chairs = Rs 375

SP of one chair = Rs 18.75
1
SP of 50 items   at the marked price
2
Difference of SP = Difference of loss/profit

= Rs
400 – 380 = [(x + 4) – (x)]%
20 = 4%

4.
100% =
Let the CP of 1 kg of sugar be Rs 1000.
= Rs
After adding 20% impurity in the sugar, the CP of
1200 kg of sugar becomes Rs 1000. Since, he is
selling the sugar at the CP, then SP of 800 g of sugar
will be Rs 1000. (as he is cheating the buyer to the
extent of 20% by way of false weight).
= Rs 1000
CP of 800 g of sugar
= Rs
130
 50  Rs 65
100
1
SP of 25 items   at the discount of 30%
4
20
 100  Rs 500
4
SP of 800 g of sugar
130
 25  0.85  Rs 27.62
100
130
 25  0.7  Rs 22.75
100
Total selling price = Rs 115.37

6.
1000
 800
1200
Profit % =
15.37
3
 100 %  15 %
100
8
Let the list price of the article be Rs x.
Then,
x × 0.8 = 24  x = Rs 30

Required selling price = Rs 0.7 × 30
= Rs 21
2000
= Rs
3
7.
Let the CP of the goods be Rs 100
Then, marked price of the goods = Rs 120
Selling price of the goods at a discount or 15%
2000 
1000

Proft = Rs  1000 
  Rs
3
3


= Rs 120 × 0.85 = Rs 102


Pr ofit
 100
Profit % =
CP
Einstein Classes,
8.
Gain % = 2%
Let the price per kg of other type of pulse be Rs y
and the quantity of different pulses be 2x kg and
3x kg.
Unit No. 102, 103, Vardhman Ring Road Plaza, Vikas Puri Extn., Outer Ring Road
New Delhi – 110 018, Ph. : 9312629035, 8527112111
P&L - 4
Cost price of 5x kg of pulses = Rs (28x + 3xy)
and cost price of 15 oven = Rs 1,05,000
SP of 5x kg of pulses = Rs 110 x
Selling price of 8 washing machine
Profit = 110x – (28x + 3xy) = 82x – 3xy
= 80,000 × 1.2 = Rs 96,000
= Rs x (82 – 3y)
Profit % =

9.
Selling price of 12 oven
= 84,000 + 24,000 = Rs 1,08,000
x (82  3y )
 100  10 (given)
x ( 28  3y )
Total SP = 2,04,000
Loss = Rs 1,000
y = 24
13.
Let the CP of A is Rs x.
Selling price of the watch
= Rs 800 × 0.90 × 0.95 × 1.05

= Rs 718.20
 100  20   100  10   100  10 
( x  110) 


  1188
 100   100   100 
10.
14.
Profit on SP = Rs 1000

CP = Rs (4000 – 1000) = Rs 3000
Now,
profit on CP = Rs 750

6 9 11
( x  110)   
 1188
5 10 10

x + 110 = 1000

x = 1000 – 110
MP of the article = Rs 650 × 1.7 = Rs 1105
= Rs 890
SP of the article after a discount of 20%
Difference in profit = Rs (1000 – 750) = Rs 250
15.
CP of the article = Rs 650
= Rs 1105 × 0.8 = Rs 884
Let the two investments be Rs 3x and Rs 5x
Profit = Rs (884 – 650) = Rs 234
Investment after 15% gain
= Rs 3x × 1.15 = Rs 3.45 x
Profit % =
Investment after 10% loss
= Rs 5x × 0.9 = Rs 4.50 x
16.
Cost price of apples after expenses
Total resultant investment taken together
= Rs 60 × 1.15 = Rs 69
= Rs 7.95 x
Loss % =
11.
SP at a profit of 20%
= Rs 69 × 1.2
= Rs 82.80
0.05
5
 100  %
8x
8
17.
Cost price of the article = Rs 210
Let the CP of the article be Rs x.
Selling price at a profit of 20% = Rs 252
Then, SP = 1.05x

MP × 0.875 = Rs 252

MP = Rs
New CP = 0.95 x
New SP = 1.1 × 0.95x = Rs 1.045x
Now, it is given that difference between two SP is
Re 1

12.
234
 100  36%
650
0.005 x = Re 1 or x = Rs 200
Number of washing machines bought = 10
Number of oven bought = 15
Number of washing machine sold = 8
Number of oven sold = 12
Let the CP of 100 articles be Rs 100
and MP of 100 articles = Rs 130
Selling price of 24 articles
= Rs 12
Selling price of remaining 70 articles
= Rs 91
Amount recovered through sale
Profit on 12 oven = Rs 24000

18.
252
 Rs 288
0.875
Profit on 8 washing machine
= Rs 40,000 – 24,000 = Rs 16,000
= 91 + 12 = Rs 103
Profit = Rs (103 – 100) = Rs 3
and Profit % = 3%
Let the CP of one washing machine be Rs x.
Then,


1.2 × 8x – 8x = Rs 16,000
x = Rs 10,000
Cost price of 10 washing machine
= Rs 1,00,000
Einstein Classes,
Unit No. 102, 103, Vardhman Ring Road Plaza, Vikas Puri Extn., Outer Ring Road
New Delhi – 110 018, Ph. : 9312629035, 8527112111
P&L - 5
19.
Cost price of the article = Rs 40
Marked price of the article = Rs 50
Let he allows two successive discount of x % each,
(100  x) (100  x )

 Rs 40.50
100
100
then
50 

(100 – x)2 = 8100

(100 – x) = 90

x = 10
New selling price = 50 × 1.1 × 1.1 = Rs 60.50
Original profit = Rs (40.50 – 40)
= Rs 0.50
New profit = Rs (60.50 – 40) = Rs 20.50
Change in profit = (20.50 – 0.50) = Rs 20
Hence, change in profit % =
20.
20
 100  4000 %
0 .5
Let the CP of 100 articles be Rs 100.
MP of the 100 articles = Rs 120.
SP of 50 articles = Rs 60.
SP of 25 articles
= Rs 30 × 0.85
= Rs 25.50
SP of rest 25 articles = Rs 30 × 0.8
= Rs 24.00
SP of all the 100 articles = Rs 109.5
Profit = Rs 9.50
and profit % = 9.5 %
Einstein Classes,
Unit No. 102, 103, Vardhman Ring Road Plaza, Vikas Puri Extn., Outer Ring Road
New Delhi – 110 018, Ph. : 9312629035, 8527112111