Colonial America- Unit 2
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1.
act:
4.
colonist:
5.
colony:
a tax
2.
boycott:
a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country
1. : to refuse to buy, use, or participate in (something) as a way
of protesting
2. to stop using the goods or services of (a company, country,
etc.) until changes are made
3.
civilization:
a group of people who leave their native country to form in a
new land a settlement subject to, or connected with, the parent
nation.
6.
Columbian Exchange:
refers to the widespread transfer of animals, plants, culture,
human populations, communicable diseases, technology and
ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres in
the 15th and 16th centuries, related to European colonization
and trade (including African/American slave trade) after
Christopher Columbus' 1492 voyage.
a society with reliable food surplus, specialized occupations,
social class distinctions, cities, complex governments, trade, and
an organized writing system
7.
culture: A way of life shared by people with similar arts, beliefs,
and customs.
8.
declaration:
11.
empire:
Domination or control of many countries that may be culturally
different by one, strong nation; occurs during colonization and
imperialism
something that is stated or made known in an official or public
way
9.
12.
expedition:
democracy:
A long journey by a group to explore or do battle
13.
exports:
a form of government in which people choose leaders by voting
10.
Economy:
goods sold to other countries
14.
imports:
A system for producing and distributing goods, and services to
fulfill people's wants
Goods and services purchased from other countries.
15.
indentured servant:
18.
Lost Colony:
a settlement of British colonists whom Walter Raleigh sent to
Roanoke Island (now part of North Carolina) in 1587 and of
whom no trace was found after 1591.
19.
Massachusetts Company:
Colonists who received free passage to North America in
exchange for working without pay for a certain number of
years
16.
Iroquois Confederacy:
The most powerful native American group in the Ohio Valley
since the 1640', that was able to remain aloof from both the
British and the French. This group consisted of five Indian
nations: the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, and Oneida.
These nations formed a defensive alliance in the fifteenth
century. The Iroquois were able to maintain their autonomy by
avoiding a close relationship with the English or the French.
They traded successfully with both groups and played them
against each other, as a direct result of this they maintained
power in the Great Lakes region.
17.
Organization of influential Puritans in England that sponsored
and organized a large expedition to North America in 1629 for
the express purpose of establishing an independent Puritan
community, free of what they saw as the corrupting influences
of the Church of England.
20.
Mayflower Compact:
Jamestown:
This document was drafted in 1620 prior to settlement by the
Pilgrims at Plymouth Bay in Massachusetts. It declared that the
41 males who signed it agreed to accept majority rule and
participate in a government in the best interest of all members
of the colony. This agreement set the precedent for later
documents outlining commonwealth rule.
First permanent English settlement; located in Virginia. Founded
by London Company
21.
Middle Colonies:
Group of American colonies made up of Pennsylvania,
Delaware, New York, and New Jersey. These were characterized
by fertile river valleys, being the "bread basket" of the colonies,
religious diversity, and harbors such as Philadelphia and New
York City. The main goods here were wheat, lumber, and fur.
22.
24.
New England Colonies:
Massachusets, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Connecticut
and Rhode Island. They had a short growing season long and
cold winters, rocky soil and Forests and economy was based on
trading shipping and ship building. Mainly had Puritans.
25.
plantation:
monarchy:
a large estate or farm that used enslaved people or hired
workers to grow and harvest crops
26.
Plymouth:
a country that is ruled by a monarch (such as a king or queen)
23.
Native American:
Northern Colony founded by Separatist Pilgrims to escape
persecution. This colony gained funding and land from the
Virginia Company and was located in land owned by the king. It
had a self-representative majority rules government under the
Mayflower Compact, and was lead by William Bradford during
the first harsh winter. Known for the 1st Thanksgiving, too.
The indigenous people who were in America before Europeans
"took over" the land.
27.
proclamation:
30.
representative government:
Power is held by the people and exercised through the efforts
of representatives elected by the people.
31.
revolution:
an official statement or announcement made by a person in
power or by a government
28.
profitability:
the amount of money that can be made from the sale of a
product
29.
the usually violent attempt by many people to end the rule of
one government and start a new one
32.
settlement:
proprietary colony:
a place where people live when they first arrive in an area that
is new to them
a colony owned and ruled by one person who was chosen by a
king or queen
33.
slave:
A system of enforced servitude in which some people are
owned by other people. This began in the Americas when the
native population was dying off quickly and the Europeans
needed laborers to work the plantations.
34.
36.
tyranny:
cruel and unfair treatment by people with power over others
37.
Virginia Company:
Southern Colonies:
The first joint-stock company in the colonies; founded
Jamestown; promised gold, conversion of Native Americans to
Christianity, and passage to the Indies
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia;
very rural with large farms "plantations" with use of slave labor;
tobacco, cotton, indigo, and rice were grown with tobacco being
the largest cash crop
35.
Triangle Trade:
the trading system between the Americas, England and Africa;
Africa would give slaves and rum to the Americas, including the
West Indies; America would offer timber, tobacco, fish, and flour;
England would mainly process and ship back