MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 ReadingUnit:NavigatingFictionalTexts Stage1:DeterminetheDesiredResults EnduringUnderstanding(s): Goodreadersmonitorandself-correcttheirreading, solvewordsastheyread,searchforanduse information,summarize,makepredictionsand connections,infer,synthesize,analyze,andcritique theirreadingtomakeprintrelevantanduseful. Goodreadersemploystrategiesthathelpthem understandtext. Strategicreadersdevelop,select,andapplystrategies toenhancetheircomprehension. Readersneedtoenvisionthestoryastheyreadit;we needtomakeamovieinourmind.Thereaderneedsto empathizewiththemaincharacter(s)andanticipate whatmayhappennext. Goodreadersrecognizethatwordsaremadeofsounds. Goodreadersuseoraldiscussionsanddiscoursetohelp buildconnectionstoothersandtocontent. CommonCoreStandards Studentswillbeableto… KeyIdeasandDetails EssentialQuestions: Whatdoreadersdowhentheydonot understandeverythinginatext? Howdoreadersconstructmeaningfromtext? Whatdoreadersdotoenhancetheir comprehension? Whatisthebestwaytotrulyunderstandand effectivelyreadfictionaltexts? HowdoIfigureoutawordIdonotknow? Howcandiscussionincreaseourknowledge andunderstandingofanidea(s)? • RL.7.1.Citeseveralpiecesoftextualevidencetosupportanalysisofwhatthetextsaysexplicitlyaswell asinferencesdrawnfromthetext. • RL.7.2.Determineathemeorcentralideaofatextandanalyzeitsdevelopmentoverthecourseofthe text;provideanobjectivesummaryofthetext. • RL.7.3.Analyzehowparticularelementsofastoryordramainteract(e.g.,howsettingshapesthe charactersorplot). CraftandStructure • RL.7.4.Determinethemeaningofwordsandphrasesastheyareusedinatext,includingfigurativeand connotativemeanings;analyzetheimpactofrhymesandotherrepetitionsofsounds(e.g., alliteration)onaspecificverseorstanzaofapoemorsectionofastoryordrama. • RL.7.5..Analyzehowadrama’sorpoem’sformorstructure(e.g.,soliloquy,sonnet)contributestoits MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 meaning. • RL.7.6.Analyzehowanauthordevelopsandcontraststhepointsofviewofdifferentcharactersor narratorsinatext. IntegrationofKnowledgeandIdeas • RL.7.7.Compareandcontrastawrittenstory,drama,orpoemtoitsaudio,filmed,staged,or multimediaversion,analyzingtheeffectsoftechniquesuniquetoeachmedium(e.g.,lighting, sound,color,orcamerafocusandanglesinafilm). • RL.7.8.(Notapplicabletoliterature) • RL.7.9.Compareandcontrastafictionalportrayalofatime,place,orcharacterandahistoricalaccount ofthesameperiodasameansofunderstandinghowauthorsoffictionuseoralterhistory. RangeofReadingandLevelofTextComplexity RL.7.10.Bytheendoftheyear,readandcomprehendliterature,includingstories,dramas,andpoems,in thegrades6–8textcomplexitybandproficiently,withscaffoldingasneededatthehighendoftherange. VocabularyAcquisitionandUse • L.7.4.Determineorclarifythemeaningofunknownandmultiple-meaningwordsandphrasesbasedon grade7readingandcontent,choosingflexiblyfromarangeofstrategies. Usecontext(e.g.,theoverallmeaningofasentenceorparagraph;aword’spositionorfunction inasentence)asacluetothemeaningofawordorphrase. Usecommon,grade-appropriateGreekorLatinaffixesandrootsascluestothemeaningofa word(e.g.,belligerent,bellicose,rebel). Consultgeneralandspecializedreferencematerials(e.g.,dictionaries,glossaries,thesauruses), bothprintanddigital,tofindthepronunciationofawordordetermineorclarifyitsprecise meaningoritspartofspeech. Verifythepreliminarydeterminationofthemeaningofawordorphrase(e.g.,bycheckingthe inferredmeaningincontextorinadictionary). • L.7.5.Demonstrateunderstandingoffigurativelanguage,wordrelationships,andnuancesinword meanings. Interpretfiguresofspeech(e.g.,literary,biblical,andmythologicalallusions)incontext. Usetherelationshipbetweenparticularwords(e.g.,synonym/antonym,analogy)tobetter understandeachofthewords. Distinguishamongtheconnotations(associations)ofwordswithsimilardenotations(definitions)(e.g., MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 refined,respectful,polite,diplomatic,condescending). ComprehensionandCollaboration • SL.7.1.Engageeffectivelyinarangeofcollaborativediscussions(one-on-one,ingroups,andteacherled)withdiversepartnersongrade7topics,texts,andissues,buildingonothers’ideasand expressingtheirownclearly. Cometodiscussionsprepared,havingreadorresearchedmaterialunderstudy;explicitlydraw onthatpreparationbyreferringtoevidenceonthetopic,text,orissuetoprobeandreflect onideasunderdiscussion. Followrulesforcollegialdiscussions,trackprogresstowardspecificgoalsanddeadlines,and defineindividualrolesasneeded. Posequestionsthatelicitelaborationandrespondtoothers’questionsandcommentswith relevantobservationsandideasthatbringthediscussionbackontopicasneeded. Acknowledgenewinformationexpressedbyothersand,whenwarranted,modifytheirown views. • SL.7.2.Analyzethemainideasandsupportingdetailspresentedindiversemediaandformats(e.g., visually,quantitatively,orally)andexplainhowtheideasclarifyatopic,text,orissueunderstudy. • SL.7.3.Delineateaspeaker’sargumentandspecificclaims,evaluatingthesoundnessofthereasoning andtherelevanceandsufficiencyoftheevidence. PresentationofKnowledgeandIdeas • SL.7.4.Presentclaimsandfindings,emphasizingsalientpointsinafocused,coherentmannerwith pertinentdescriptions,facts,details,andexamples;useappropriateeyecontact,adequatevolume, andclearpronunciation. • SL.7.5.Includemultimediacomponentsandvisualdisplaysinpresentationstoclarifyclaimsand findingsandemphasizesalientpoints. SL.7.6.Adaptspeechtoavarietyofcontextsandtasks,demonstratingcommandofformalEnglishwhen indicatedorappropriate. Interdisciplinary Connection: Educational Technology All students will use digital tools to access, manage, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to solve problems individually and collaborate and to create and communicate knowledge. Integration of 21st Century Themes and Skills: • CRP6. Demonstrate creativity and innovation. • CRP5. Consider the environmental, social and economic impacts of decisions. • CRP7. Employ valid and reliable research strategies. • CRP8. Utilize critical thinking to make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 Studies,Science,&Technical Stage2:AssessmentEvidence PerformanceTask: OtherFormsofAssessment: Youarereportercommentingonthe BookTalk historicalaccuracyofHenryWadsworth Longfellow’spoem,“PaulRevere’sRide”. ReadingLogReview Youhaveuncoveredadebateamong Mini-lessonApplication variousauthorsandresearcherswhoclaim thepoemishistoricallyaccuratewhile Post-itNoteand/orOrganizeYourThoughtSheetReview othersdoubtitsauthenticity. LetterWriting Youreadthepoem,investigateits T’sanecdotalnotesfromconferringwithastudentabout background(bothinhardcopydocuments his/herindependentreadingbook(reviewofgoals, andinonlineresources),andinterview examineprogressovertime,evaluateletterwriting Harrington’sEnglishdepartmentfacultyto revisionsandupdates) helpresolvethedebate. StatusoftheStudent:Isthestudentengagedina Shareyourfindingsinawrittensummary worthwhileactivitywhentheteacherisconductinga foryoureditor. guidedreadinggrouporconferringwithachild individually? Stage3:LearningPlan LearningActivities: Yourclassroomlibraryneedstoincludeaselectionoffictionalchapterbooksandarticles(historical fiction,dramas/plays,andpoetry)thatrepresentthecultureandinterestsofyourstudents. The80-MinuteReadingWorkshopBlock Practitionertimelineforthe80minuteblock: Mini-Lesson(10-15minutes) GuidedReading(50minutes:twogroupswith25minutesdedicatedtoeachgroup) Conferring(15minutes:conferencecallswiththreestudents) Sharing(iftimepermits) Readingistaughtfivetimesacrossatwoweekperiodoftime(withAtwell’swriter’sworkshoptaught onalternatedays)inthisway: Week1:Monday,Wednesday,Friday Week2:Tuesday,Thursday Itisrequiredthatteachersuse20minutesofeachwritingworkshopdaytoteachreading(thisoption allowsfora60-minutewritingblockonwritingworkshopdays).Thissupportstheteachingofreading daily.This20minuteblockoftimecanbedevotedtoteachingeitheramini-lesson,conductingone guidedreadinggrouporconferringwithstudentsindividuallyoratatableconferenceonaspecific teachingpoint. MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 Mini-Lessons: Topicsforreadingmini-lessonsareculledfromtheCommonCoreContentStandards,Fountas’sand Pinnell’smentortexts:GuidingReadersandWriters:TeachingforComprehension,Genre,andContent LiteracyandTeachingforComprehendingandFluency:Thinking,Talking,andWritingAboutReading,K-8, andstudents’needs. Childrenapplythemini-lessonstrategyorskilltotheirindependentandguidedreadingmaterial. Youmaywishtorevisitorextenda“FirstTwentyDays…”lessonpreviouslytaught. ThreeCategoriesofMini-lessons: 1) lessonsonmanagement 2) lessonsonstrategiesandskills 3) lessonsonliteraryanalysis Lessonsonmanagement,seep.129forlistfromthementortextGuidingReadersandWriters… Lessonsonstrategiesandskills,seep.132forlistfromGuidingReadersandWriters… Lessonsonliteraryanalysis,seepages134and135fromGuidingReadersandWriters… RefertotheAppendixforadetailedlistofminilessonsonnon-fictionreading. RequiredMinilessonsforReadingFictionalText: (somemaybetaughtintandem) StandardRL.7.1.Citeseveralpiecesoftextualevidencetosupportanalysisofwhatthetextsays explicitlyaswellasinferencesdrawnfromthetext. Thesemini-lessonsfocusonliteralunderstandinganddetailsoftext: • • • • • • • • • noticethecharacteristicsofabooksotheycanidentifyitsgenre identifythegenreofabooksotheycanknowwhattoexpectastheyread retellsthestoryusingtextualevidence noticethetimeandplace(setting)andtheimportancetothestory noticewhoarethemostimportantcharacters(maincharacters)inastory thinkabouttheorderofeventsinastory thinkabouttheprobleminthestory thinkabouttheimportanteventsinastory thinkaboutwhatisimpliedinthestory RL.7.2.Determineathemeorcentralideaofatextandanalyzeitsdevelopmentoverthecourseof MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 thetext;provideanobjectivesummaryofthetext. Thesemini-lessonsfocusonanalyzing,summarizing,andinferentialthinkingoftext: • thinkaboutwhatthewriterofthestoryistryingtosay • thinkaboutwhatthestorymeanstothem • thinkaboutwhythewriterwrotethestory • thinkaboutwhetherthetitletellssomethingimportantaboutthetheme • determinethecentralmessage,lessonormoralofastory • explainhowthecentralmessage,lessonormoralisconveyedthroughkeydetailsinthetext • thinkaboutwhatdetailsfromthetextyouwouldincludeinasummary RL.7.3.Analyzehowparticularelementsofastoryordramainteract(e.g.,howsettingshapesthe charactersorplot). Thesemini-lessonsfocusonanalyzing,synthesizing,andinferentialthinkingoftext: • noticehowthesettingofthestoryshapesthecharacters • noticehowthesettingofthestoryshapestheplot • noticehowthecharactersshapetheplot RL.7.4.Determinethemeaningofwordsandphrasesastheyareusedinatext,includingfigurative andconnotativemeanings;analyzetheimpactofrhymesandotherrepetitionsofsounds(e.g., alliteration)onaspecificverseorstanzaofapoemorsectionofastoryordrama. Thesemini-lessonsfocusontheinterpretationofwordsandphrasesandtheanalysisoftheways inwhichrhymesandotherrepetitionsimpactpartsofastoryordrama: • • • noticehowwritersusewordscarefullytocommunicatemeaning noticememorablephrasesandsentenceswritersusetocommunicatemeaningtothereader noticethelanguagethatthatwritersusetohelpthemformimages(whattheycansee,hear,taste, feel,orsmell) • noticefigurativeandconnotativelanguageinatext • noticetheimpactofrhymesandotherrepetitionsofsounds(e.g.,alliteration)onaspecificverse orstanzaofapoemorsectionofastoryordrama. RL.7.5.Analyzehowadrama’sorpoem’sformorstructure(e.g.,soliloquy,sonnet)contributestoits meaning. Thesemini-lessonsfocusonanalyzinghowthestructureofatextcontributestoitsmeaning: • • noticetheformorstructureofapoemordrama noticehowtheformorstructureofapoemordramacontributestoitsmeaning RL.7.6.Analyzehowanauthordevelopsandcontraststhepointsofviewofdifferentcharactersor narratorsinatext. Thesemini-lessonsfocusonthereader’sabilitytoevaluateandcritiquehowtheauthordevelops pointsofviewinatext: • • • MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 thinkaboutthepointofviewofdifferentcharactersornarrators thinkabouthowanauthorrevealsthepointofviewofdifferentcharactersornarrators thinkabouthowanauthorcontraststhepointofviewofdifferentcharactersornarrators RL.7.7.Compareandcontrastawrittenstory,drama,orpoemtoitsaudio,filmed,staged,or multimediaversion,analyzingtheeffectsoftechniquesuniquetoeachmedium(e.g.,lighting,sound, color,orcamerafocusandanglesinafilm). Thesemini-lessonsfocusonanalyzingastory,drama,orpoemtoitsaudio,filmed,staged,or multimediaversion. Whenwatching/listeningtoanaudio,filmed,staged,ormultimediaversionofapreviouslyreadstory, drama,orpoem: • • noticethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwomediums analyzetheeffectsofthetechniquesuniquetothemedium RL.7.8.(Notapplicabletoliterature) RL.7.9.Compareandcontrastafictionalportrayalofatime,place,orcharacterandahistorical accountofthesameperiodasameansofunderstandinghowauthorsoffictionuseoralterhistory. Thesemini-lessonsfocusonanalyzingdifferentgenresofasimilartopic. Whenreadingafictionalaccountofahistoricaltime,place,event,orperson: • • • • noticethesimilarities/differencesoftheportrayalofatimewithitshistoricalaccount noticethesimilarities/differencesoftheportrayaloftheplacewithitshistoricalaccount noticethesimilarities/differencesoftheportrayalofacharacterwithitshistoricalaccount noticehowanauthorusesoraltershistory RL.7.10.Bytheendoftheyear,readandcomprehendliterature,includingstories,dramas,and poems,inthegrades6–8textcomplexitybandproficiently,withscaffoldingasneededatthehigh endoftherange. • Byyear’sendbeabletoreadavarietyoffictionaltexts,includingchapterbook,dramas(plays), historicalfiction,andpoetry,withinagrade6-8textcomplexitybandusingprocessingstrategies effectively(wordsolvingandhigherorderthinkingskills/systemsofstrategicactions). L.7.5.Demonstrateunderstandingoffigurativelanguage,wordrelationships,andnuancesinword meanings. Interpretfiguresofspeech(e.g.,literary,biblical,andmythologicalallusions)incontext. Usetherelationshipbetweenparticularwords(e.g.,synonym/antonym,analogy)tobetter understandeachofthewords. Distinguishamongtheconnotations(associations)ofwordswithsimilardenotations(definitions) (e.g.,refined,respectful,polite,diplomatic,condescending). • • • • • • • MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 noticefigurativelanguageandinterpretmeaning noticewordrelationshipsandnuancesinwordmeanings distinguishtheliteralandnonliteralmeaningsofwordsandphrasesincontext identifyreal-lifeconnectionsbetweenwordsandtheiruse distinguishshadesofmeaningamongrelatedwordsthatdescribestatesofmindordegreesof certainty noticetheconnotationsofwordswithsimilardenotations thinkaboutthelanguagewritersusetomakecomparisonsthathelpsthemunderstandthe meaningofprintandenjoyreading ReaderResponseNotebook Thereaderresponsenotebookmaybeabinderoracompositionbook. Thereaderresponsenotebookisatoolthatisusedbyreaderstocollectthestudent’sthinkingandto logthereader’shistoryoftextreading.Itisaplace/repositoryto: • keeparecordofbooksread • planforfuturereading • gatherthinkingaboutthetext(readerresponse/writingaboutreading) • writenotes,plans,anddraftsofthinkingabouttexts WritingaboutReading/LetterWriting:LetterWritingmuststartbyOctober1st ReadingFictionalTexts,UnitPart1(1st7weeksofunit)hasaprimaryfocusonstudents’abilitytowrite toinform/explain. ReadingFictionalTexts,UnitPart2(2nd7weeksofunit)hasaprimaryfocusonstudents’abilityto constructanargument. Writingaboutreadingisatoolforreflection.Itisawaytoclarifyourthinking;toshareandtoexplain interpretationsoftext;toidentifythethemeortopicinatext;toexplorebiggerissuesbeyondthetext; confirmoursuppositions;posequestions;toapplythesystemsofstrategicactionstothetext;andto considerpossibilities. Letterwritingbythestudentandteacher’srepliestostudentworkisanimportantwayforteachersto preparestudentsfortheconstructedresponseonhighstakes’tests. Childrenusepost-its/quicknotesasavehicletoremembertheirthinkingwhenpreparingforletter writingorconferringwiththeteacherabouttheirself-selectedtext. Childrenengageinreaderresponseviaaletter/literaryessayweeklytotheirindependentreadingbook. Teachersarerequiredtoreplytostudent’swrittenresponseseverytwoweeks. Analyticalwritingiswritingtoinform/explainandtoconstructanargumentisanalyticalwriting. Writingtoinform/explainandargument-writingistheabilitytotakecomplexevidenceandmakeitclear. Writingtoconstructanargumentistheabilityonthepartofthestudenttomakeclaimsaboutthe worthormeaningofaliteraryworkorworks.Studentsdefendtheirinterpretationsorjudgmentswith evidencefromthetext(s)theyarewritingabout. Writingtoinformorexplainservesto: • • • MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 increasethereader’sknowledgeofasubject helpreadersbetterunderstandaprocedureorprocess providereaderswithanenhancedcomprehensionofaconcept Requiredminilessonsonwritinginresponsetoreadinginthisunitfocusonwritingtoinformand explain(firstsevenweeksofthisunit)andwritingtoconstructanargument(secondsevenweeks ofthisunit). First7Weeks–letterwritingfocus Second7Weeks–letterwritingfocus (explain/inform) (constructanargument) Informational/ExplanatoryWriting: Anargumentisareasonedlogicalwayof demonstratingthatthewriter’sposition,belief,or • conveysinformationaccurately conclusionisvalid. • increasesthereader’sknowledgeofa subjectthroughhis/herrereadingabout ArgumentWriting: thetopicanddevelopingacoherentfocus • attemptstochangethereader’spointof onatopicoracontrollingidea view • helpsreadersbetterunderstanda • invitesactiononthereader’spart procedureorprocess • encouragesthereadertoacceptthe • supportsstudentswithnaming,describing, writer’sposition,belief,orconclusion defining,ordifferentiatingideas,concepts • arguesforahistoricallyorempirically • encouragesstudentstocompareand situatedinterpretation contrastconcepts • marshallsevidenceanddrawson • assistsstudentswithcitingevidencefroma understandingstomakeacasefora text specificperspective Writers: • rereadtorememberwhathasbeenwritten Writers: • accuratelysummarizeinformationfroma • accuratelyreflectinformationfromatext text • rereadtorememberwhathasbeenwritten • includeappropriateandimportantdetails • usenotesasabasisfordiscussionorletter whensummarizingtexts writing • usenotesasabasisfordiscussionorletter • includeappropriateandimportantdetails writing whensummarizinginformationfromatext • describeimplicationsoffactualknowledge • sticktothetopicorsubjectbeing presented(norambling) • noticeandsometimesusenewwordsfrom • “cuttothebone”inordertopunchthe atext subject • usenewvocabularywordsappropriatelyto • suggestsolutionstoaproblemand reflectmeaning explainswhyorhowasolutionwillwork • rereadtoassureaccuracyofsentence • trytoconvince/inform/analyze structureandworduse • providerelevantbackgroundinformation • reportinformationfromatextor andhistory summarizeinformation • describeopposingargumentsandcritiques • includeimportantdetailsfromthecontent them ofaninformationaltext • usestatistics:hardevidence • relateimportantideasinatexttoeach • • • • MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 otherortoothertexts • developaclear,true,inviting,andto-thereflectawarenessofauthor’sunderlying pointleadsentence message • constructapowerfulconclusionthat introduceinformationincategories, resonateswiththereader;leavesthe paragraphing readerwithsomethingtothinkabout predictlogically,supportedbyevidence, • usehelpfultransitionwordstoconnect whatwillhappennextinatext paragraphsandideas usespecificlanguagetowriteabout • usealogicalorganizationthatmovesa informationaltexts:title,author, readeralongfromonepointorpieceof illustrator,cover,dedication,author’s informationtothenext note,tableofcontents,glossary,index, • usevocabularywordsappropriatelyto headings,problem,solution,etc. reflectmeaning • revisitthetexttocheckfordetails • includeimportantdetailsfromthecontent ofaninformationalorfictionaltext • relateimportantideasinatexttoeach otherortoothertexts • reflectawarenessofauthor’sunderlying message • introduceinformationincategories,using paragraphing • predictlogically,supportedbyevidence, whatwillhappennextinatext • writeopinionsaboutatextandbackthem upwithspecificinformationorreasons • selectexamplesofthewriter’suseof languageandwriteopinionsaboutor responsestothatlanguage • usespecificlanguagetowriteabout informationaltexts:title,author, illustrator,cover,dedication,author’s note,tableofcontents,glossary,index, headings,problem,solution,etc. TheJustRightBookRule Childrenreadsilentlydailyforaportionofthereadingblockfromavarietyofself-selectedtexts. Childrenneedtoapply“thefivefingerrule”totheiranticipatedself-selectedreadingmaterial.Inorder todetermineifthechoicemadeisappropriate,studentsneedto: • selectapagefromthepreviewedbook • holdupafingerforeachwordaboutwhichtheyareunsureordonotknow • usethebelow-listedguidetodetermineifthebookselectedis“justright”toreadduringthe independentreadingcomponentoftheframework 0-1wordsaboutwhichyouareunsureorunfamiliar,thebookmaybetooeasy 2-3wordsthatareunfamiliartoyou,thebookmaybe“justright” 4-5wordsthatareunfamiliartoyou,thebookmaybetoohard MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 Abookistoohardformeif: • Igetstuckonwords • Itdoesn’tmakesense • Ican’treadwithexpression • Itisconfusing Abookisjustrightformeif: • Icanreadfastandsmooth • Itmakessense • Icanreadwithexpression • Icanretelltheimportantparts • IgrowideasasIread • Ilikeit Conferringguidelines: Teachersneedtoconferwithstudentsdailyabouttheirreadinglives(theirindependentreadingbooks). Conferringneedstotakeplaceinaknee-to-kneesettingatthestudent’sdesk.Conferencesarenot scripted.Theyneedtobeauthenticandspontaneousdiscussionsbasedontheinformationthatstudents bringtotheconferenceabouttheirreadinghabitsandgoals. Theteacher’sgoalistogettoknowthestudent’sreadingbehaviorsandpatternsandtodecideonand teachsomethingofvaluetothestudentwhichcanbelinkedtotheirfuturereadingexperiences.The teacherneedstoreinforceorexpandthestudent’sthinkingaboutprint.Itiscriticaltoteachthereader andnotthetext.Anadditionalpurposeoftheconferenceistoassistthestudentwithsolvingproblems ass/hereads(processingissuesormonitoringandwordsolvingconcerns). Thearchitectureoftheconferencelooksandsoundslikethis: Research:observe/listentothestudenttalkabouthis/herreadingselection Decide:afterhavinglistenedtothestudentdiscussapartorpartsofthebook,weighyouroptions-decidewhatyouwillteachandhowyouwillteachit(thispartoftheconferencehappensunderground: “OfallofthethingsIcouldteachthischild,whatistheonethingthatwillmakethebiggestdifference today?”) Teach:assistthechildwithdoingsomethingthats/heisnotyetdoing;intervenetoliftthechild’s thinking,pushhis/herthinkingtoanewlevel Link:namewhatthechildhasdoneasareaderandremindthechildtodothatofteninthefuture Duringaconferenceateachermight: • Listentoastudentreadpartsofthebook. • Askthestudenttodiscussthestrategiess/heuseswhenconfrontedwithanunfamiliarword. • Askthestudenttoapplythemini-lessontaught. • Discussthebook’scontent,searchingforthemainidea,centralmessage,ortheme. • Askthestudenttodetermineifacharacterhaschangedovertime. • Askthestudenttodescribethecharactersoreventsinastory. • Invitethestudenttodescribetheauthor’suseoffigurativelanguage. • DiscussPost-itnotesorletterwritingartifactswiththegoalofachievingcoherentandlogical expressionofthought MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 Conferring/AnecdotalNotes Theteacherconfersdailywithindividualstudentsandmaintainsanecdotalnotesacrosstheyearoneach student. Seeappendixforthenote-keeping/anecdotalrecordtemplate.Seeappendicesforacomprehensive understandingofteachers’anecdotalnotes/recordkeeping. Book-Talks/BookRecommendationsneedtoincludethefollowing:(orally,maximumtime5-8 minutes) 1.Listthebook’stitle,author,andgenre 2.Developashortsummaryofthetexthighlightingthepartsofthebookthatareinterestingwithout givingawaythestoryline 3.Readaloudasmallexcerptthatrevealssomethingenticingaboutthebook 4.Offeranexplanationofwhyyoulikedthebookandwhyyouthinkotherswouldenjoyit 5.Beasspecificaspossible 6.Talkaboutwhythebookisworthputtingasideeverythingelseinordertoreaditnow GuidedReading:Allguidedreadingmaterialstaughtduringthisunitmustrepresentfictionaltexts, especiallycriticaltothisunitare:stories,historicalfiction,drama/plays,andpoetry. TheFrameworkforGuidedReading:EffectiveTeachingInteractions • Selectthetext,thenpreviewthebookbeforeintroducingandteachingit • Introducethetext • Readthetext • Discussandrevisitthetext • TeachforProcessingStrategies/SystemsofStrategicActions • EngageinWordWork GuidedReading:GuidedreadingstartsbythelastweekinOctober. Thetimeline:Duringthisphaseoftheyear,guidedreadingcontinuesthroughtoJune. TheEssentialElementsofGuidedReading: TheTeacher: • selectsthetext • previews/readsthetext • providesanintroductionforthetextselected • introducesthewholetextorunifiedsectionsofthetextwithattentiontothetextcomplexity anddemandsofthetextandtheknowledge,experiences,andskillsofthereaders • discussesthetextwithstudentsandencouragesthemtodiscussthetextwitheachother • invitesstudentstoaskquestionsaboutthetexttoexpandtheirunderstanding • requiresstudentstorespondinwriting(readerresponse)tofocusing/organizingquestions basedonthetext’stheme,ideas,characters,problem,solution,etc. • engagesstudentsinwordworkbasedonthetexttoincreasewordknowledgeandautomaticity inwordsolving SelectingaGuidedReadingtext–instructionallevelreading Yourinstructionallevelteaching/guidedreadingwillbebasedonthreetypesofknowledge: • detailedinformationaboutthereader(thisinformation/dataisavailabletotheteachervia • • MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 conferencecalls;letterwritingartifacts;minilessonapplication;runningrecords;andquickcheckins) familiaritywiththeavailabletexts knowledgeofthereadingprocessandgeneralprinciplesofreadingdevelopment TheCommonCoreStateStandardsfocusontheinstructionoffictionalstories,especially,historical fiction,poetry,anddrama/playsforthisgradelevel. Keycharacteristicsofpoetry:(formoredetaileddescription/informationontheelementsand minilessonsforpoetry,seep.371inTeachingforComprehendingandFluency…) Keycharacteristicsofpoetry: • ingeneral,hasrhythm,rhyming,repetition,figurativelanguage • isdistinctfromprose • canreflectacultureorgroupofpeople • cantellastory • somepoetryhasasingingquality • somepoetrydoesnotrhyme(blankverse) Keycharacteristicsofdrama/plays: • theexposition(backgroundinformationgiventotheaudiencethroughanarratorordialogue) • risingaction(theseriesofconflictsandcrisisinastorythatthwarttheprotagonist) • theclimax(theturningpointinthestorywherethingsmaystarttochangefortheprotagonist) • fallingaction(theconfrontationbetweentheprotagonistandthemainantagonist;mayhavea resolutiontotheconflict) • thedenouement/theresolution(theconclusion) Keycharacteristicsofthemystery: • hasapuzzletobesolved • hascharacters(suspectsversusdetectivesorinvestigators);setting;plot • hasovert/obviousclues • includeshiddenevidence(detailsthatmaybeofferedinsuchawayastoseemunimportant) • inferencegaps(mysteriesbytheirnaturedonottellthewholestory;itisuptothereaderto noticethegapsandfillthesegapsbyusingandconnectingtheinformationthatispresented) • thereaderneedstosuspendpossibleconclusionsasthestoryunfolds(suspense) • noticescluesleftbytheauthor(foreshadowing) • recognizesaredherring(atypeofforeshadowingthatleadsthereadertoafalseconclusion) • hasastructure:introduction(learnabouttheproblem,meetcharacters);bodyofthestory (someoneisworkingtosolvethemystery);conclusion(mysteryissolved) Languageusedinmysteries: • alibi(anexcuseanaccusedpersonusestoshowthats/hewasnotatthesceneofthecrime) • breakthrough(adiscoverythathelpstopsolveacrime) • clue • crime • deduction(drawingaconclusion) • detective • evidence • • MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 hunch(aguessorfeelingnotbasedonfacts) sleuth Keycharacteristicsofadventurestories: • alwayshasaherowhoisusuallystrong,quickthinking,trustworthy,chivalrous,etc. • usuallyhasavillainwhoisselfish,greedy,disloyal,etc. • useshistoryintheformofanexcitingandexoticsettingwhichmakesthestorymorebelievable • includeslotsofactionandpossiblychallengesfortheherotoovercome • includesaquestintheformofsomeoneorsomethingthatisindanger Keycharacteristicsoffantasy: • mayrevealnewinsightsintotheworldofreality • consistentlyaskstheuniversalquestionsofgoodversusevil,thehumanityofhumankind,andthe meaningoflifeanddeath • helpsthechildtodevelopimagination(tobeabletoimagine,toentertainnewideas,tocreate strangenewworlds,todreamdreams) • hasawell-constructedplot,convincingcharacterization,aworthwhiletheme,andanappropriate style • mustbebelievable(createbeliefintheunbelievable) • needstobelogicalandconsistentwithintheframeworkestablishedbytheauthor • isoriginalandingenious • hasauniversaltruthunderlyingthemetaphorofthefantasy • oftentimesintroduceschildtotalking,animals,toys,anddolls Keycharacteristicsandcriteriaforhistoricalfiction: • drawsontwosources—factandimagination(theauthor’sinformationaboutthepastandhis/her powertospeculateabouthowitwastoliveinthattime • musttellastorythatisinterestinganditmustbalancefactwithfiction • doesneedtobeaccurateandauthenticwithdetailsanessentialpartofthestory • helpschildrenunderstandthepubliceventswelabel“history”andtheprivatestrugglesthathave characterizedthehumancondition • offersyoungstersthevicariousexperienceofparticipatinginthelifeofthepast • willbringstudentstoafullerunderstandingofhumanproblemsandhumanrelationships • helpschildrentoseethattimeschange,nationsriseandfall,butuniversalhumanneedshave remainedrelativelyunchanged • enableschildrentoseehumaninterdependence • isonewaychildrencandevelopasenseofhistoryandbegintounderstandtheirplaceinthe largerpictureofhumandestiny • assistschildrenwithseeingthattoday’swayoflifeisaresultofwhatpeopledidinthepastand thatthepresentwillinfluencethewaypeoplewillliveinthefuture IntroducingtheText:PlanningtheIntroduction Awell-plannedintroductiontoatext/articleservesasaguidetothereaderwhowillbeprocessinga moderatelychallengingtextindependently.Explicitteachingandscaffolding(makesapotentially inaccessibletextattheinstructionallevelaccessible)thetextduringtheintroductionandatplanned intervalsovertime(revisitinganddiscussingthetext)supportsthisprocess.Thistypeofsupport “makesitpossibletoteachatthecuttingedgeofstudents’understanding.Yourteachinghelpsstudents MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 readmoreproductivelyandmoreintensely.” • Helpthestudentsconnectthetexttotheirownlives,totheirknowledgeoftheworld,ortotheir literaryexperiences. • Highlightgenreandhelpthemtopredictthecharacteristicsofthetexttheyarereadingbasedon pastexperience. • Encouragethestudentstolookatthecoverofthebookandgenerateexpectationsofthetext. • Demonstratethekindsofquestionsreadersaskaboutatext. • Promptthemtothinkabouttheauthor’sstyle. • Helpthemtorecallwhattheyalreadyknowaboutatopic. • Helpthemtodiscoverandinternalizeliterarylanguagepatternstheymightnotuseineveryday speech. • Revealthestructureofthewholetext-howtheauthorhasorganizedtheinformation. • Stimulateinterestinthetextsothatstudentswillbeinterestedinreadingit. • Callattentiontotheconventionsofprint,i.e.,punctuation,titles,subtitles,chapterheadings. • Showthemhowtousetextlayout,i.e.,sidebarheadings,columnbreaks,andgraphicinformation. • Encouragethestudentstonoticevocabularyandlanguagestructuresthatwillneedasthey processthetext. • Teachthemhowtouseatableofcontents,indices,appendices,andotherreferencesectionsof texts. • Promptthechildrentoexamineandinterpretillustrations,charts,graphs,maps,andothervisual aidsanddiscusshowtheycommunicatethemeaningoftext. • Distinguishtheirownpointofviewfromthatoftheauthorofatext. Seepage215inGuidingReadersandWriters…forasnapshotviewoftheteacher’sandstudent’srole duringandafterguidedreadinglessons. Guidedreadinginstruction:introducingtext,scaffoldingthetext,conductingdiscussions,creating assignments,etc. GuidedReadingPurpose:On-goingsuccessfulscaffoldingofinstructionallevelbooksisneededsothat theinstructionalreadinglevelbecomesthechild’sindependentreadingleveltherebyreflectinggrowthin readingandsupportingthechildtomoveuptheladderoftextcomplexity. TeachingforStrategies:ThinkingWithin,BeyondandAbouttheText ThinkingWithintheText:Thereaderprocessestheinformationinthetextinordertogainthebasicor literalmeaningofprint. Strategicactionsinclude: • SolvingWords • MonitoringandSelf-Correcting • SearchingforandUsingAllKindsofInformation • SummarizingtheText • MaintainingRateandPhrasingtoProduceFluency • Adjusting(speedandtechniqueaccordingtotextpurposeandtype) ThinkingBeyondtheText:Thereaderbringsinformationtothetextthatisnotexplicitlythere. MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 Strategicactionsinclude: • Predicting • MakingConnections(relatingandcomparingthetexttoothersonehasreadorheard) • Understandingwhatisimplied,butnotdirectlytold(inferring) • Integratingexistingcontentknowledgewithnewknowledge(synthesizing);synthesizingthe informationtorealizethegreatermeaningofthetext ThinkingAbouttheText:Thereaderconsidersthetextasanobject,noticingmanythingsaboutit:craft, structure,qualityandauthenticityofthewriting. Strategicactionsinclude: • Analyzing • Critiquing o aspectsofthewriter’scraft o organizationandstructure o useoflanguage o useofliterarydevices o characteristicsofgenre o featuresthatcanbeusetoevaluatethequalityorauthenticityofthetext o underlyingorganizationalstructuresthatrepresentthewaythewriterprovides information:compare/contrast,cause/effect,description WordWork:Theinstructionofvocabularyandtheunderstandinganduseofwordsisembeddedin everycomponentofthereadingworkshopmodel.Waystointegratevocabularyinstructioncanbefound inReadAlouds,guidedreading,independentreading,sharedreading,wordstudy,andwritingworkshop. CompetentWordLearners: • learnnewwordsbyencounteringthemincontextduringconversationsandintheirreading • connectnewwordswithwhattheyalreadyknow • usewordpartsandtheirfunctions(basewords,rootwords,affixestoidentifythemeaningof multisyllablewords) • recognizewordsthathavethesamemeaning(synonyms) • recognizewordsthathaveoppositemeanings(antonyms) • recognizethatwordsmayhavemultiplemeaningsandusecontexttodeterminetheprecise meaningintendedbythewriterorspeaker • determinethemeaningandpronunciationofwordsusingdictionariesandotherreferences • understandthefigurativeusesofwords(similes,metaphors) • recognizetheconnotationanddenotationofnewwords • usecontextcluesandknowledgeoflanguagetounderstandnewwordswhilelisteningand reading • usenewwordsintalkingandwriting WaystoIntegrateVocabularyInstructioninReadingandWriting: MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 DuringInteractiveRead-Alouds • increasetheamountoftextstudentsencounterthroughread-alouds • drawattentiontomeaningofwordsbefore,during,andafterreadingaloudtostudents • useintentionalconversationthatincludeswordsstudentswillbereadingorhaveheardyouread • useinteractivevocabularylessonstodeepenunderstandingofhowawriterhasusedawordto createmeaninginaspecifictext • invitestudentstodiscusswordstheyfoundinterestingordidn’tunderstand DuringGuidedReading • usenewwordsinconversationduringtheintroductiontothetext • discussandlocatenewwordsduringtheintroductiontoatext • helpstudentsconnectnewwordstoconceptstheyalreadyknow • fordifficultandnewideasthatarecentraltounderstandingthetext,teachboththeconceptand theword • teachstudentsspecificstrategiesforderivingthemeaningofwordsfromcontext • teachandthenpromptstudentstomonitortheirownunderstandingsastheyread • usewordwebsorsimilarinteractivevocabularytechniquesafterstudentshavereadnewwords inatext • usesemanticfeaturesanalysistocomparewordsinthetextandtheirrelationships • havestudentskeeplistsofnewandinterestingwordsintheirreader’snotebooks • havestudentsrevisitthetexttodiscoverhierarchicalrelationshipsamongconcepts DuringIndependentReading • ensurealargevarietyoftextsareavailableforstudentsduringindependentreadingtime • encouragestudentstousenewwordsastheywriteabouttheirreadingintheirreader’s notebooks • duringsharing,encouragestudentstogiveexamplesofinterestingnewwordstheyhave discovered/noticed DuringWordStudy • teachstudentstomakeconnectionsamongwordsbymeaning • teachstudentstomakeconnectionsviawordpart,partofspeech,affixes,sounds,meanings • invitestudentstoplayLotto,Concentration,andothergamesusingsynonyms,antonyms, homophones,homographs • usepoemstohelpstudentslearnaboutwords((antonyms,synonyms,nouns,verbs,adjectives, adverbs,metaphors) • helpstudentssortwordsbymeaning • teachmanydifferentkindsofwords • helpstudentsunderstandthestructureofawordanditsrelationtomeaning Strategiestousewhenawordisunfamiliar: • chunkthelettersandreadatleastthefirstpartoftheword • readontoseeifthewordbecomesclearlater • • • • • • MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 thinkaboutthemeaningbasedonhowthestoryisunfoldingandthenthinkabouttheword’s sounds seeifrootwords(basewords)prefixes,orsuffixesareapartoftheword checkforaglossary,footnotes,orendnotesthatmightexplaintheword checkifthewordisabitlikeawordyouknowinanotherlanguagethatwouldmakesense useadictionaryor,ifpossible,googletheword lastresortoption:asksomeone DuringGuidedReadingsessions,includethefollowingquestionsaspartofyourdiscussionto meetthegoalsoftheCommonCoreStandards: GuidedReadingDiscussionQuestions CommonCoreStandards KeyIdeasandDetails Askstudentstorecountthestory,citingspecifically RL.7.1.Citeseveralpiecesoftextualevidenceto fromthetext. supportanalysisofwhatthetextsaysexplicitly aswellasinferencesdrawnfromthetext. Yourgoalistoshowthatyouhavereadclosely (thismeansstudentsmustmonitortheirreading andself-correctwhennecessary)andthatyouare citingspecifictextualevidence.Thisretellingisnot global,butfullofdetails.Otherscan/shouldadd detailsleftout. Finally,thinkabouttheliteralmeaningofthetext, butalsogobeyondtheliteralmeaningofatextto thinkaboutwhatisnotthere,butisimpliedbythe writer.Gatherinformationfrompeerstoadd detailsthatmayhavebeenleftout. Explorepossiblethemes: Whatisthisstoryabout?Discussandexplore differentpossiblethemesoracentralidea(ideas needtobebasedontextevidence)thatis demonstratedthroughtheuseofthestory’s details. Havestudentsanalyzethethemeorcentralidea’s developmentoverthecourseofthetext. Askstudentstoprovideanobjective*summaryof thetext.Thissummaryneedstobefreeof RL.7.2.Determineathemeorcentralideaofa textandanalyzeitsdevelopmentoverthecourse ofthetext;provideanobjectivesummaryofthe text. MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 personalopinionsorjudgments. *Asummaryisputtingtogetherimportant informationasyoureaddisregardingirrelevant information. Analyzehowparticularelementsofastoryor dramainteracts. Forstories,ateachsessionask: Thusfar,howdoesthesettingshapethe characters? RL.7.3.Analyzehowparticularelementsofa storyordramainteract(e.g.,howsettingshapes thecharactersorplot). Howdoesthesettingshapetheplot? Howdoesthecharactersshapetheplot? Standards7.4–7.6Inviteyoutolookathowatext iswritten–itscraftandstructure,andhowthe craftandstructureaffectyourunderstanding. Dosomewordsmattermorethanothers?Become accustomedtoasking,Whichwordsreallycallour attentionhere?Whatdowenoticeaswereread them?(Studentsshouldbetaughttousepost-it notestomarkwordsthattheyfeelmatterwhen reading.)Dosomewordscombinetocreatea sceneorfeeling?Focusonfigurativeand connotativemeaningsofwords. CraftandStructure RL.7.4.Determinethemeaningofwordsand phrasesastheyareusedinatext,including figurativeandconnotativemeanings;analyzethe impactofrhymesandotherrepetitionsofsounds (e.g.,alliteration)onaspecificverseorstanzaof apoemorsectionofastoryordrama. Forpoems,analyzetheimpactofrhymesandother repetitionsofsounds(e.g.,alliteration)ona specificverseorstanza. Forstories,analyzetheimpactofrhymesandother repetitionsofsounds(e.g.,alliteration)ona specificsectionofthestory. Fordramas,analyzetheimpactofrhymesand otherrepetitionsofsounds(e.g.,alliteration)ona specificsectionofthedrama. Forstandard7.5,youwillneedtoreadadramaor poem. Howdoesthestructureofthedramaorpoem RL.7.5.Analyzehowadrama’sorpoem’sformor structure(e.g.,soliloquy,sonnet)contributesto itsmeaning. contributetoitsmeaning? MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 Whatisthepointofviewofdifferentcharactersor narratorsinthetext?Howdidtheauthordevelop andcontrastthepointsofviewofeach character/narrator? RL.7.6.Analyzehowanauthordevelopsand contraststhepointsofviewofdifferent charactersornarratorsinatext. IntegrationofKnowledgeandIdeas Howdoestheprintversionofastory compare/contrastwithanaudio,film,or,play versionofthatsamestory?Citeevidence. RL.7.7.Compareandcontrastawrittenstory, drama,orpoemtoitsaudio,filmed,staged,or multimediaversion,analyzingtheeffectsof techniquesuniquetoeachmedium(e.g.,lighting, Howdothetechnicaleffects(lighting,sound,color, sound,color,orcamerafocusandanglesina camerafocusandangles,etc.)ofadramaorfilm film). productioncontributetotheoverallstory?Howdo thesefactorscontributetothestory’splotlineand itscharacters? RL.7.8.(Notapplicabletoliterature) Forstandard7.9,youwillneedtoreadafactual accountofatime,placeorpersonandafictional accountofthesametime,placeorperson. Howisthethemeandpatternsofeventsofthis book(fact-based)similartothethemeand patternsofourlastbook(historicalfiction)? RL.7.9.Compareandcontrastafictionalportrayal ofatime,place,orcharacterandahistorical accountofthesameperiodasameansof understandinghowauthorsoffictionuseoralter history. Howdidtheauthorofthefictionaltextuseoralter history? RangeofReadingandComplexityofText Byyear’send,beabletoreadavarietyoffictional textswithinagrade6-8textcomplexityband effectivelyusingprocessingstrategieseffectively (wordsolvingandhigherorderthinking skills/systemsofstrategicactions). RL.7.10.Bytheendoftheyear,readand comprehendliterature,includingstories,dramas, andpoems,inthegrades6–8textcomplexity bandproficiently,withscaffoldingasneededat thehighendoftherange. MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 Modifications Special Education: English Language Learners (ELLs): ● Teacher models own thinking while reading ● Model Thinking Aloud ● Provide additional opportunities to practice ● Encourage Partner Talk ● Use individual teacher/student conferences to ● Repeat and Clarify address student’s needs ● Provide a Sequence ● Use small group table conferences to address ● Encourage self-selection of topics needs ● Target vocabulary ● Chunk mini-lessons over a number of days ● Scaffold comprehension when reading is used to ● Develop target vocabulary promote reader response ● Scaffold comprehension when reading is ● Scaffold content-literacy reading used to promote reader response ● Allow products to demonstrate student’s learning ● Chunk reading material ● Provide on-going feedback ● Use graphic organizers to develop key concepts/ideas ● Teach key aspects of a topic. Eliminate nonessential information ● Provide individual copies of the student’s reading checklists Students at Risk of School Failure: ● Utilize TIME Mentor Program ● Build a relationship ● Allow flexible due dates Gifted Students: • Utilizeflexiblegroups-groupgiftedstudentswith othergiftedstudentsorhigher-levellearners • Encouragestudentstoexplore/researchconceptsin MountLaurelLanguageArtsCurriculum Grade7 ● Employ strategies from Classroom depthviaindependentstudiesorinvestigations (individual/group) Instruction that Works • Differentiateproductassignments.Employ ● Create the Opportunity to Learn strategies differentiatedcurriculumtokeepinterest/motivation ● Build lessons around student interests high • Encouragecreativeexpressionandthinkingby allowingstudentstochoosehowtoapproacha problemorassignment(problembasedlearning) • Invitestudentstoexploredifferentpointsofviewon atopicofstudyandcomparethetwo • Providemultipleopportunitiesforstudentsto“Own TheirLearning” • Askstudentshigher-levelquestionsthatrequire studentstolookintocauses,experiences,andfactsto drawaconclusiontootherareasoflearning.(Webb’s DepthofKnowledge-Level4) • Createaroomenvironmentthatencourages creativityanddiscoverythroughtheuseof interestingliteratureandreferencematerials.Supply readingmaterialsonawidevarietyofsubjectsand levels • Providealearning-richenvironmentthatincludesa varietyofresources,media,tasks,andmethodsof teaching • Focus on Habits of Mind pedagogy Core Instructional Materials: ● Schoolwide Reading Fundamentals Program (resource used for mini-lessons) ● Newsela.com for leveled texts ● Technology/Equipment: ACTIV Board, LCD projector, sound system , CDs, DVDs, videos, internet, iPod
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