5/15/2013
Sport Nutrition Eating
Habits Of NCAA
Division I Athletes
MIKE GREENWOOD FNSCA, CSCS *D, RSCC * D, FISSN, FACSM TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY
&
MARGARET JONES, FNSCA, CSCS *D, RSCC, FACSM
GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
Our Research Team Members
Jeremy Carter
PhD Student
Texas A & M University
Gregory Coleman
Master’s Student
George Mason University
Kristen Gravani
Sport Dietitian
Florida State University
Dr. David Szymanski
Associate Professor
Baseball Strength &
Conditioning Coach
Louisiana Tech University
Dr. Allyn Byars
Professor & Statistician
San Angelo State
University
Reference: R. Kreider et.al. Exercise & Sport Nutrition – Principles – Promises
– Science – Recommendations: www.exercisesportnutrition.com
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5/15/2013
Overview
• Sport Nutrition
Guidelines: The Basics
• Division I Athletes
Demographics & Sport
Nutrition Survey
Outcomes
• Division I Sport Nutrition
Survey Summary
• Take Home Strategies
Factors Affecting
Performance
Eat To Compete: Setting
The Dietary Stage
A Widely Accepted Fact!
Athletes involved with high intensity training
and competition “DO NOT” ingest the right types or amounts of
macronutrients to offset energy expenditure!
“Battle Of Caloric Expenditure Versus Quality Caloric Intake”
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5/15/2013
Sport Nutrition Guidelines:
The Basics
Nutritional Guidelines
General Meal Timing
• Pre‐exercise meals(4‐6 h)
• Pre‐exercise snack (30‐60 min)
– 40‐50 g CHO, 10 g PRO
• Sports drinks during exercise (> 60 min)
– 6%‐8% glucose‐electrolyte solution
– Sports gels/bars at half‐time
• Post‐exercise snack (Within 30 min) – 1 g/kg CHO, 0.5 g/kg PRO
• Post‐exercise meal (Within 2 hours)
• Carbohydrate loading (2‐3 days prior to competition)
– Taper training by 30%‐50%
– Ingest 200‐300 extra grams of CHO
Strategic Eating
In addition to the general
dietary guidelines; researchers
indicate that:
Composition of food consumed
{% of macronutrients}
&
The timing of meals also plays
an important roles in optimizing
training adaptations
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5/15/2013
Basic “Strategic” Eating
Recommendations
Ingest CHO+PRO within 30 min to 2 hours following exercise
Basic Strategies
Classification
Nutrients
Breakfast
CHO and PRO
Between
CHO/PRO shake or snack
Lunch
High CHO, moderate PRO, and
low-fat
Between
CHO/PRO shake or energy bar
Dinner
High CHO, moderate PRO, and
low-fat
Before Going To
Bed
CHO/PRO snack
Nutrition & Supplementation:
Endurance Athletes
Ergogenic Effects
Scientific Based Rationale
Foundational Guidelines
Endurance Athletes
• Diet focused on goals (Maintenance, Weight Gain, Weight Loss)
• Daily multi-vitamin (With iron for women)
• Carbohydrate (55-65% of calories)
3 – 5 grams/kg/day typically sufficient
• Protein (15-20% of calories)
1.5 – 2.0 grams/kg/day general
2.0 – 2.5 grams/kg/day during heavy training and/or at altitude
• Fat (25-30% of calories)
1 – 1.5 grams/kg/day
• Greater emphasis on meal timing
Provide education about carbohydrate loading {300 more calories}
Why the macronutrient % distribution range?
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5/15/2013
STRENGTH & POWER ATHLETES
Foundational Guidelines
Strength/Power Athletes
• Diet focused on goals (Maintenance, Weight Gain, Weight Loss)
• Daily multi‐vitamin (With iron for women)
• Carbohydrate (40‐55% of calories)
3 – 5 grams/kg/day typically sufficient
• Protein (20‐30% of calories)
1.5 – 2.0 grams/kg/day general
2.0 – 2.5 grams/kg/day during heavy training and/or at altitude
•
Fat (20‐30% of calories)
1 – 1.5 grams/kg/day • Greater emphasis on meal timing
May need more education about nutritional ergogenic aids
Why the macronutrient % range?
Nutrient Timing
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5/15/2013
Recommended Timing Of Meals
Via Workout Schedules
Workout Time
Ideal Meal Time
Type of Meal
Lunch Time
11:00am – 1:00pm
6:00am – 8:00am
CHO: 200-300 grams
Protein: 30-40 grams
Afternoon
2:00pm – 4:00pm
9:00am – 11:00am
CHO: 200-300 grams
Protein: 30-40 grams
Early Evening
5:00pm – 7:00pm
12:00pm – 1:00pm
CHO: 200-300 grams
Protein: 30-40 grams
Early Morning
6:00am – 8:00am
Late night snack
10:00pm – 12:00am
CHO: 50-75 grams
Protein: 10-15 grams
Does The Glycemic Index Really
Matter With Meal Timing?
•
•
•
•
•
Measures the rate of the rise and fall in blood glucose in response to ingesting CHO
Rise in insulin serves to store glucose as glycogen, increase CHO oxidation, and suppress fat utilization
Raising blood sugar levels quickly causes rapid release of insulin which can cause rebound hypoglycemia
Glucose & Insulin response to eating = Glycemic Index (GI)
High GI Diets – Cause greater increase in insulin, CHO storage, and CHO utilization {Associated with obesity, diabetes, and heart disease}
•
Low GI Diets
– Promotes weight loss and improves insulin resistance
• GI greater than 70 is considered high
• 56‐69 is moderate
• Less than 55 is low ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Glycemic Load Option!
Glycemic Load
The glycemic load (GL) of food is a number that estimates how much the food will raise a person's blood glucose level after eating it.
Glycemic load accounts for how much carbohydrate is in the food, and how much each gram of carbohydrate in the food raises blood glucose levels.
Glycemic load is based on the glycemic index (GI). Glycemic load is defined as the grams of available carbohydrate in the food x the food's GI /100.
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5/15/2013
GI Of Common Foods
High Glycemic > 85
Medium Glycemic 60-85
Low Gylcemic <60
Glucose
Banana
Fructose
Sucrose
Grapes
Dates
Syrup
Oatmeal
Figs
Honey
Orange juice
Applesauce
Bagel
Pasta
Ice cream
Candy
Rice
Milk
Molasses
Corn
Yogurt
Potatoes
Baked beans
Vegetable soups
Raisins
Potato chips
Fruits
Glycemic Index
Summary For Athletes
• Maintain an isoenergetic diet consisting of high carbohydrate (5‐8 grams/kg/day), moderate protein (1.5‐2.0 grams/kg/day) and low fat (0.5‐1.5 grams/kg/day) during training • Consume low to moderate GI carbohydrates during pre‐exercise meals, prior to exercise, and for snacks in between meals
• Consume combination of low, moderate and high GI carbohydrates during prolonged exercise depending on tolerance (e.g., fructose and sucrose at 1:2 ratio)
• Consume moderate to high GI carbohydrates with protein during post‐
workout snacks and meals Replacing high GI foods with low GI foods during low calorie dieting phases can assist in weight loss Hydration – Hydration!!!
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5/15/2013
Water
The Fluid Of Life!
• Most important nutritional ergogenic aid!
• Performance can be impaired when ≥ 2% of
body weight is lost through sweat.
• Fluid loss of > 4% of body weight during
exercise can lead to heat illness, heat
exhaustion, heat stroke, and death
• Athletes should ingest 0.5 to 2 L/h (6-8 oz.
of cold water or a GES every 5 to 15-min) to
maintain hydration {59-72o F; 15-22o C}
• Addition of 1 g/L of salt can help maintain
hydration in hot & humid environments
• Athletes need to utilize planned or
unplanned breaks to maximize hydration
status
Thermoregulation & Heat
Exhaustion
Typical sweat rates during exercise are 0.8‐1.4 L/hour
Signs of dehydration: thirst, fatigue, nausea, light‐
headedness, and/or dark urine
Body
Weight
Loss
Exercise
Environment
VO2 max
Change
Endurance
Capacity
Change
Hot
-10 %
-22 %
-4%
Hot
-27%
-48%
-5%
Moderate
-7%
-17%
-5%
Mild
-3%
-9%
-2 %
Fluids should be readily available!
Fluid Replacement
Strategies
Drink adequate fluids 24 hours prior to workout/competition
For every lb. of water lost, an athlete should consume 3 cups of
water/GES - Adding sodium (0.5-0.7 g/L of water) during events that last
> 1 hour is beneficial & highly suggested
At least 2 cups (500mL) of fluid should be consumed 1-2 hours prior to
exercise
Athletes should weigh oneself before and after practice!
Consumption of CHO-electrolyte drink every 10-15 min. with 30-60 g
CHO/hour is recommended
During exercise, athletes should consume fluids early and on a
schedule to better monitor how much fluid is consumed
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5/15/2013
Division I Athletes
Demographics & Sport
Nutrition Survey Outcomes
List Your Intercollege Sport
Sport & Gender
Frequency
Percent
Baseball {M}
Track & Field {M/W}
99
83 {37/46}
24.4%
20.5%
Volleyball {W}
Soccer {M/W}
Rowing {W}
Wrestling {M}
Softball {W}
Lacrosse {W}
Basketball {W}
Golf {M}
Total Athletes {M/W}
46
45 {25/20}
41
25
24
24
13
5
405 {191/214}
11.4%
11.1%
10.1%
6.2%
5.9%
5.9%
3.2%
1.2%
100%
Table Includes Sport Involvement By Gender
What Is Your Current Student Classification
And Place Of Residence?
Year In School
Frequency
Percent Answered
Freshman
Sophomore
99
83
24.4%
20.5%
Junior
Senior
Graduate Status
Missing
Total Athletes
“Residence”
Residence Hall
Off-Campus
Parents Dwelling
Total Athletes
46
45
41
25
339/405 {84%}
“Residence”
221
157
12
390/405 {96%}
11.4%
11.1%
10.1%
6.2%
100%
“Residence”
56.7%
40.3%
3.0%
100%
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5/15/2013
Who Is In Charge Of Implementing/Directing
Your Sport Dietary Plan?
Dietary Advice
Frequency
Percent
Sport Nutritionist
129
35.4%
Registered Dietitian
77
21.2%
Strength Coach
55
15.1%
***Other
101
17.7%
Entered Total
362
89.4%
Missing Data
43
10.6%
Total DI Athletes
405
100%%
*** Other = Myself - Athletic Trainer – Athletic Coach Combination Contacts - No One???
Primary Participant Classification - Strength & Power Athletes
Are You Currently On A Set Dietary
Plan?
Lose – Gain – Maintain Weight?
Diet Category
{M 205 – W 200}
Frequency By
Gender
Percent Total
Vegetarian {M/W} *
Dietary Plan {M/W}
Lose Weight {M/W}
Gain Weight {M/W}
Maintenance {M/W}
Response By Gender
1/5
20/20
54/58
80/9
96/128
251/220
.048%/2.5%
9.8%/10%
26%/28%
39%/4.5%
47%/64%
62%/54.3%
{M/W}
Data In This Table Excludes Specific DI Sport Category
*Vegetarians = 1 Baseball – 1 Softball
2 Women’s Soccer – 2 Rowing
Many athletes on a set dietary plan working on their own?
Currently Lose/Gain/Maintain Weight Sport
Sport
D-Plan
Lose
Gain
Maintain
Baseball
T&F
7
6
24
14
52
16
38
56
Volleyball
1
9
11
27
Rowing
Lacrosse
Soccer {M}
Basketball
Soccer {W}
Softball
Wrestling
Golf
Total
3
4
1
1
3
5
7
2
40/402
19
8
6
3
8
5
16
2
114/402
0
0
0
1
8
2
1
0
91/403
25
18
13
7
8
13
19
2
226/401
Athletes Interested In Weight Loss/Gain/Maintain Not On D-Plan?
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5/15/2013
How Often Do “You” Prepare
Breakfast/Lunch/Dinner?
Times Per Week
Frequency
Percentage
Never
1-2
45
86
11.1%
21.2%
3-4
5-6
7-8
9-10
10
Missing Data
Total Athletes
80
59
43
18
69
5
405/405
19.8%
14.6%
10.6%
4.4%
17.0%
1.3%
100%
Time management, accessibility and financial constraints
typical major nutrient dense ingestion challenges!
During A Typical Week How Often Do You
Eat Fast Foods/Restaurant Dining/Campus
Food Services?
TIMES PER
WEEK
Never
1-2
Fast Food
Restaurant
158
168
92
215
Campus Food
Services
96
102
3-4
51
71
59
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
Total Athletes
15
11
1
1
405 {100%}
12
3
3
0
396 {98%}
50
25
17
54
403 {99%}
Majority of eating establishment selections during a typical
week = Frequent fast food/restaurants/campus food services
Macronutrient Consumption
S/P Athletes Carbohydrate
Servings Per Week
Servings
NEVER
1-2
3-4
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
Men
56
343
193
105
44
21
28
Women
46
284
213
103
68
25
48
Totals
102
627
406
208
117
46
76
T-Responses
790
787
1582
Carbohydrate Consumption % Below Scientific Recommendations
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5/15/2013
Macronutrient Consumption
S/P Athletes Protein Servings
Per Week
Servings
Men
Women
NEVER
43
49
Total
92
1-2
3-4
182
160
227
135
409
295
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
89
65
28
31
65
61
20
33
154
126
48
64
T-Responses
598
590
1188
Protein Consumption % Below Scientific Recommendations
How Many Days Per Week Do You
Eat Breakfast?
DAYS PER
WEEK
Yes
{M}
Yes
{W}
Total
Athlete's
1
2
5
1
4
6
9
7
3
16
18
34
4
5
6
7
MISSING
Total DI
Athletes
26
22
42
72
4
188/191
{98%}
14
7
22
132
7
210/214
{98%}
40
29
64
204
11
398/405
{98%}
54% of DI Athletes Have Breakfast 7 Days Per Week
Do You Eat Breakfast Before All Practices,
Training, Competitions {P/T/C}?
Ever Hungry Before/During P/T/C?
Category
{M}
{W}
Total
Practice {Yes}
Practice {No}
Training {Yes}
121
80
98
123
74
121
244
154
219
Training {No}
Compete {Y}
Compete {N}
T-Responses Y
T-Responses N
PTC Hungry {Y}
103
167
34
386
217
224
76
176
19
420
169
96
179
343
53
806
386
320
79% of DI Athletes Hungry Before/During P/T/C
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5/15/2013
During A Typical Week How Often Do
You Take A Multivitamin?
DAYS PER
WEEK
Never
1-2
Yes {M}
No {W}
Total
149
43
149
33
298
76
3-4
3
6
9
5-6
7-8
> 10
MISSING
Total Multiple
Responses
0
1
1
9
206
0
2
1
8
199
0
3
2
17
405
Surprising 298 Athletes Never Take A Multivitamin????
Nutritional Supplement{s} By Sport?
Sport
Yes
No
Baseball
Track & Field {M/W}
41
21/22
58
38/40
Volleyball
Rowing {W}
Lacrosse {W}
Women’s Soccer
Basketball {W}
Men’s Soccer
Softball {W}
Wrestling
Golf
Total DI Athletes
18
12
10
10
7
6
4
3
3
160/405 {40%}
28
29
14
10
6
19
20
22
2
245/405 {60%}
Less than 50% of athletes report using nutritional supplements
Commonly Reported
Nutritional Supplements
Women
Men
Multivitamin's
Omega 3 Iron & Calcium Tablets
Fish Oil Vitamin’s D, B 12, C
Protein Potassium
Multivitamin's
Omega 3
Fish Oil Whey/Casein Protein Creatine – Beta Alanine RTD’s & MRP ***
Energy Bars ***
*** Denotes Nutritional Supplement Selections For
Both Men & Women DI Athletes
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5/15/2013
Athletic Scholarship, Training Table Home/Away
Games, Coaches Sport Nutrition Knowledge
Scholarship {SS}
Frequency {M/W}
YES {M/W}
248 {119/129}
61.2%
NO {M/W}
Missing {M/W}
137 {60/77}
20 {12/8}
33.8%
5.0%
DI Athletes {M/W}
405 {191/214}
100%
Training Table?
Home {M/W}
Only 94%
Responded
SS/Non-SS T-Table
Coaches SN Savvy
191/189
Missing 25
4/11 {Yes}
187/178 {No}
248/137 {385}
130/154 {Yes}
380/405 {94%}
Responded
385/405 {95%}
284/405 {70%}
Coaches SN Savvy
32/20 {No}
Not Sure {33/16}
Training Table? On
Road {M/W}
Percent
Do non-scholarship athletes have the same NCAA D I training
table privileges as scholarship athletes?
Do You Find It Easy To Eat 1-2 Hours
Before Practice – Training – Competition?
Sport
Yes
No
Baseball
Track & Field
95
51
4
32
Volleyball
39
7
Rowing
Lacrosse
Women’s Soccer
Basketball
Men’s Soccer
Softball
Wrestling
Golf
Total Responses
23
20
15
9
17
20
19
5
313/405 {77%}
18
4
5
4
6
4
6
0
90/405 {23%}
How Many Hours Before
Practice/Training/Competition Do You Eat A “Full”
Meal?
Hours Before
M
W
Total
6 Hours
5 Hours
5
2
7
2
12
4
4 Hours
16
22
38
3 Hours
2 Hours
1 Hour
Totals
T-Response %
62
91
24
200
100 + %
57
86
26
200
200/214 {97%}
119
177
50
400
400/405 {99%}
Majority Of DI Athletes Not Within Recommended 4-6 Hour Full
Meal Ingestion Window – Time/Schedule Issues?
{Select Athlete's Gave Multiple Responses}
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5/15/2013
Does Your Athletic Department Provide Post
Workout/Game Day Nutrition -- By Sport?
Sport
Yes
No
Baseball
Track & Field
39
56
55
20
Volleyball
22
23
Rowing
Lacrosse
Women’s Soccer
Basketball
Men’s Soccer
Softball
Wrestling
Golf
Total Responses
8
9
9
11
9
18
10
3
194/384 {51%}
30
14
11
2
16
6
12
1
190/384 {49%}
Is food available directly after games or
between games during same day
competitions?
Calories
M
W
Total
Yes
Not Sure
No
143
26
22
170
17
12
313
43
34
Totals
Total Athletes
191
191/191 {100%}
199
199/214 {93%}
390
390/405 {96%}
While food is available after games for athletes what is the
nutrient dense quality and quantity of the food actually provided
and therefore consumed?
Inconsistent Responses To Similar Post Game Meal Questions!
How Soon Do You Have A “Snack” Before
Practice/Training/Competition?
Snack Time
M
W
Total
2 Hours
1 Hour
19
94
16
75
35
169
45 Min.
30 Min.
15 Min.
Totals
Total Athletes
27
38
12
190
190/191 {99%}
33
47
13
184
184/214 {86%}
60
85
25
374
374/405 {92%}
83% Of Athletes Following Nutrient Timing Snack
Recommendations Before P/T/C
However – Are The Caloric Macronutrient % Close To Proposed
Recommendations?
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5/15/2013
Do You “Snack” During Practice/Training/Competition?
Snack Time
M
W
Total
Yes
No
44
140
44
148
88
288
Totals
Total Athletes
184
184/191 {96%}
192
192/214 {90%}
376
376/405 {93%}
How Soon After Practice/Training/Competition - Full Meal?
Post Meal
M
W
Total 
15 Min.
30 Min.
45 Min.
1 Hour
2 Hours
Total Athletes
1
36
43
85
26
191/191 {100%}
3
24
44
90
43
204/214 {95%}
4
60
87
175
69
395/405 {98%}
Same Amount Of Calories During Preseason & In-Season
Calories
M
W
Total
Yes
No
65
67
57
58
122
125
Not Sure
Totals
Total Athletes
58
190
190/191 {99%}
82
197
197/214 {92%}
140
387
387/405 {95%}
Same Amount Of Calories During Off-Season & In-Season
Calories
M
W
Total
Yes
No
82
40
46
82
128
122
Not Sure
Totals
Total Athletes
69
191
191/191 {100%}
79
207
207/214 {97%}
148
398
398/405 {98%}
What Type Of “Meal/Snack” Options
Provided Before P/T/C On Road Trips?
Options
M
W
Responses
Training Table
Training Table
Boxed Meal
Boxed Meal
Yes - 4
No - 187
Yes - 35
No - 156
Yes - 11
No - 178
Yes - 36
No - 153
15
365
71
309
Fast Food
Yes - 60
Yes - 18
78
Fast Food
Grocery Store
No - 131
Yes - 140
No - 171
Yes - 113
302
127
Grocery Store
No - 140
No - 113
253
Restaurant
Restaurant
Snacks
Total {Y/N}
Yes - 81
No – 110
Yes - 190
510/724 {Y/N}
Yes - 111
No - 78
Yes - 190
479/693 {Y/N}
192
188
380
2280
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5/15/2013
Hydration – Hydration!!!
In A Typical Day How Many Times Do You Drink
An 8 Oz. Size Of Water?
Ever Diagnosed With A Heat illness?
Times
M
W
Total
Never - 0
1-2
1
13
0
14
1
27
3-4
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
Totals
Total Athletes
28
32
28
26
61
189
189/191 {99%}
32
30
27
28
66
197
197/214 {92%}
60
62
55
54
127
386
386/405 {95%}
Heat illness {Y}
55
62
117/405 {29%}
Heat illness {N}
134
125
259/405 {64%}
How Many Servings Of Water Taken 1 Hour Prior
To Practice?
Servings
M
W
Total
Never - 0
1-2
4
94
10
145
14
239
3-4
70
32
102
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
Totals
Total Athletes
15
4
0
2
201
189/191 {99%}
4
3
3
0
197
197/214 {92%}
19
7
3
2
398
386/405 {95%}
Leads To The Question What The Athletes Hydration
Status Is Prior To The 1 Hour Practice Window?
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5/15/2013
How Many Servings Of Water Taken
During Practice?
Servings
M
W
Total
Never - 0
1-2
3
56
3
83
6
139
3-4
61
72
133
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
Totals
Total Athletes
42
19
3
4
200
188/191 {98%}
22
9
2
6
197
197/214 {92%}
64
28
5
10
385
385/405 {95%}
Seasonal Ambient - Geographical Temperatures?
Indoor/Outdoor P/T/C Environments?
How Many Servings Of Water Taken
Within 2 Hours After
Practice/Training/Competition?
Servings
M
W
Total
Never - 0
1-2
3
52
0
90
3
142
3-4
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
Totals
Total Athletes
84
36
8
6
2
201
191/191 {100%}
70
26
5
3
3
197
197/214 {92%}
154
62
13
9
5
388
388/405 {96%}
Access – Amounts – Supervised Accountability?
In A Typical Day How Many Times Do You
Drink - 12 Oz. Size Of Soda?
Times
M
W
Total
Never - 0
1-2
95
71
127
44
222
115
3-4
15
6
21
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
Totals
Total Athletes
8
1
0
0
197
190/191 {99%}
6
2
1
1
187
187/214 {88%}
14
3
1
1
377
377/405 {93%}
Type Of Soda Not Reported
18
5/15/2013
In A Typical Day How Many Times Do You
Drink An 8 Oz. Size Of Juice?
Times
M
W
Total
Never - 0
1-2
22
74
72
59
94
133
3-4
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
Totals
Total Athletes
42
28
16
3
4
189
189/191 {99%}
29
22
7
3
3
195
195/214 {91%}
71
50
23
6
7
384
384/405 {95%}
Type Of Juice Not Reported
In A Typical Day How Many Times Do You
Drink An 8 Oz. Sport Drink?
Times
M
W
Total
Never - 0
1-2
8
54
40
59
48
113
3-4
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
Totals
Total Athletes
44
34
20
16
14
198
190/191 {99%}
41
22
17
11
7
197
197/214 {92%}
85
56
37
27
21
387
387/405 {96%}
Type Of Sport Drink Not Reported
In A Typical Day How Many Times Do You
Consume An Energy Drink?
Times
Never - 0
1-2
M
150
35
W
184
9
Total
334
44
3-4
5
3
8
5-6
7-8
> 10
T-Responses
3
3
61
257
0
0
66
262
3
3
127
519
Surprising That 334 Athlete's Never Use Energy Drinks??
Type Of Energy Drink Not Reported
19
5/15/2013
In A Typical Day How Many Times Do You
Consume A Caffeinated Beverage?
Times
M
W
Total
Never - 0
1-2
106
61
107
57
213
118
3-4
16
30
46
5-6
7-8
9-10
> 10
Totals
Total Athletes
6
1
0
1
191
191/191 {100%}
6
6
1
0
207
207/214 {97%}
12
7
1
1
398
398/405 {98%}
Type Of Caffeinated Beverage Not Reported
In A Typical Week How Many Days Do You
Drink Alcohol?
During The Competitive Season?
Days
M
W
Total
Never - 0
1-2
3-4
84
89
15
140
52
3
224
141
18
5-6
7
Totals
Total Athletes
5
0
191
191/191 {100%}
1
1
197
197/214 {92%}
6
1
388
388/405 {96%}
Season {Yes}
65/191 {34%}
30/214 {14%}
95/405 {23%}
Season {No}
126/191 {66%}
184/214 {86%}
310/405 {77%}
Type & Amounts Of Alcohol Not Reported
Division I Sport Nutrition
Survey Summary
Overall Division I S/P Athletes In This Study Under Nourished Based On
Reported Science Based Sport Nutrition Macronutrient Recommendations
Remember -----The Previous Widely Accepted Fact Slide?
Strength/Power Athletes {Hungry During P/T/C # 320 = 79% }
Reported Nourishment On Road Trips Lower Than At Home
97% Receive Nutrient Timing 1-2 Hours After P/T/C – Quality/Quantity?
“Snack” Intake At Home & On Road Reported Consistent Ingestion
40% Of Division I Athletes Reported Using Nutritional Supplements With
An Even Consumption Between Men & Women
20
5/15/2013
Division I Sport Nutrition
Survey Summary
Majority Of Division I Athletes Reported Not Adhering To 4-6 Hour
Recommended Full Meal Before Practice/Training/Competition
83% Consume Snacks Within The Recommended Nutrient Hour Time
Frame Before P/T/C - Quality/Quantity?
74% Of DI Athletes In This Study Do Not Take A Multivitamin
Hydration Status Acceptable Levels {54%} Prior To P/T/C But Potential
Dehydration Status Concerns {60%} During & After P/T/C
[Reported Heat illness # 117]
While select macronutrient timing met acceptable practices;
overall macronutrient consumption percentages were below research
recommendations relative to energy specific nutrient levels & demands of
the strength/power athlete
Take Home Strategies
 Implement Additional Follow-Up Dietary Meetings With Athletes
 Issue - Collect – Evaluate Dietary Recall Forms – Log It – Follow Up!
 NCAA Compliance - Banned Substance Accountability!
 Qualified Prominent Speakers On The Topic & Video’s
 Provide Consistent Research Based Information On The Topic
 Educate & Implement “The Multidisciplinary Team Approach”
 Utilize NCAA Mandatory Meetings To Educate & Monitor
 Poster-ize The Locker Rooms & Training Facilities
 Construct The Athlete's Specific Team Bible Accordingly
 Required Nutrition Curriculum Course Offerings
Thank So Much - ?’s 
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