Year 10 Science -Term-4-Weeks 1 - 3 - Mitosis-Meiosis - Introduction
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Compare and contrast Mitosis and Meiosis.
Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle in which a typical cell
spends most of its life.
The cell is actively living, and preparing for later cell division by
duplicating its DNA.
In interphase, the cell gets itself ready for mitosis or meiosis.
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Year 10 Science -Term-4-Weeks 1 - 3 - Mitosis-Meiosis - Introduction
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A chromatid is one copy of a newly replicated chromosome, which
typically is joined to the other copy by a single centromere.
The replicated DNA is made during Interphase.
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Year 10 Science -Term-4-Weeks 1 - 3 - Mitosis-Meiosis - Introduction
Stages of Mitosis
Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins that forms
chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
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Year 10 Science -Term-4-Weeks 1 - 3 - Mitosis-Meiosis - Introduction
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Prophase is a stage of mitosis in which the chromatin condenses
into double rod-shaped structures called chromosomes in which the
chromatin becomes visible.
Since the genetic material has been replicated in the prior
interphase of the cell cycle, there are two identical copies of each
chromosome in the cell.
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Year 10 Science -Term-4-Weeks 1 - 3 - Mitosis-Meiosis - Introduction
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During metaphase — the second stage of mitosis the
chromosomes, pulled by the spindle fibers, line up along the middle
of the cell, halfway between the centrosomes in the middle of the
dividing cell. The chromosomes are now maximally condensed
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Year 10 Science -Term-4-Weeks 1 - 3 - Mitosis-Meiosis - Introduction
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During anaphase, each pair of chromosomes is separated into two
identical, independent chromosomes.
The chromosomes are separated by a structure called the mitotic
spindle. The mitotic spindle is made of many long proteins called
microtubules, which are attached to a chromosome at one end and
to the pole of a cell at the other end.
The sister chromatids are separated simultaneously at their
centromeres. The separated chromosomes are then pulled by the
spindle to opposite poles of the cell.
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Year 10 Science -Term-4-Weeks 1 - 3 - Mitosis-Meiosis - Introduction
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During telophase the chromosomes have reached the poles and
they begin to uncoil and become less condensed (reversing the
process that occurred during prophase).
Two new nuclear envelopes begin to form around each of the two
separated sets of unreplicated chromosomes.
As decondensation of the chromosomes proceeds, the nucleoli
(which disappeared during prophase) form once again.
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Year 10 Science -Term-4-Weeks 1 - 3 - Mitosis-Meiosis - Introduction
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The Cell Cycle and Cancer
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpAa4TWjHQ4
(7 min)
Mitosis: The Amazing Cell Process that Uses Division to Multiply!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwcwSZIfKlM
(7 min)
Meiosis: The Great Divide
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=toWK0fIyFlY
(7 min)
Chromosome Numbers During Division: Demystified!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gcz1FOWw0Cg
(6 min)
Online Mitosis Quiz
http://www.biologycorner.com/quiz/qz_mitosis.html
http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/biology/mitosis/quiz2428.html
http://www.syvum.com/cgi/online/mult.cgi/squizzes/biology/mitosis.tdf?0
http://school.discoveryeducation.com/quizzes6/muskopf/mitosis1.html
Online Meiosis Quiz
http://www.biologycorner.com/quiz/qz_meiosis.html
http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/biology/meiosis/quiz2437.html
http://biology.about.com/library/weekly/blmeios1q.htm
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