History Review Answers
Causes of Colonization pg 156:
Explain how religion impacted colonization. Europeans wanted to spread their religion (mostly Christianity) to the other continents Explain how natural resources impacted colonization. When they took over a new place, they could use their NR and make $$ Explain how a market for goods impacted colonization. They found new goods to buy and new people to trade with. This = $$ Major countries involved: Portugal, Spain, England, & France Contributions of Prince Henry the Navigator pg 156: Define Cartography Mapmaking What impact his naval observatory have? Students were trained in navigation, astronomy, & cartography Where was he from? Portugal What role did he have on the African slave trade He had sugar cane plantations and needed workers for them so he used slaves from Africa Colonization of Australia pg 159: 4 causes: To relieve overcrowding in jails, to station their navy there, to expand trade, and to stop the French from colonizing it Impact: They controlled Australia for many years People involved: ​
Captain James Cook & King George III Country involved: ​
England Explain why prisoners were used as colonist. ​
They couldn’t send them to America anymore, so they needed a new place to send them Impact of European Colonization in africa pg 160:
What countries wanted more land? Great Britain, France, Portugal, Spain, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Netherlands How did economics play a role in colonization? Europeans needed more natural resources for their factories How did politics play a role in colonization? They wanted to prove they were the best How did worldview play a role in colonization? They wanted to “civilize” the rest of the world Impact of European Colonization in asia pg 161:
Why were Asian countries fearful of Europe during this time? They were afraid they would colonize them too What role did nationalism and militarism play in Asian fear? They were afraid the Europeans would use their army to conquer them for their country WWI pg 161:
Causes: ​
Nationalism (love of country) & militarism (using armies and war) Impacts:​
10 million people died Russian Revolution pg 163:
Why was there conflict: During WWI, people were poor and starving so they wanted a new government What change occurred (Impact): Communist Vladimir Lenin took over and created the Soviet Union. People Involved: Czar Nicolas 2, Vladimir Lenin Countries Involved: Russia ---> Soviet Union Treaty of Versailles pg 164:
What conflict did this end? WW1 What change occurred in Germany due to this treaty? They wanted to make them a weak country Explain who was punished and how. Germany lost territory, reduced their army and navy, leaders were put on trial, and Germany to pay lots of $$ to other countries World Wide Depression pg 164:
What causes worldwide depression? The stock market crash in America after people spent more $ than they had What impact did this have on the global (world) economy? Created a depression across the world since America didn’t have $ to trade Rise of Nazism pg 165:
Cause: Germany was very unhappy with how they were treated after WWI Impact: They wanted to become rich and powerful again so they started taking over lands Major people involved: Adolf Hitler, Jewish people, Nazi Party The Holocaust:
Cause: The Nazis/HItler blamed the Jews for all of Germany’s problems Impact: They treated them very badly including wanted to get rid of all of them People Involved: Nazi Party, Hitler, Jewish people ​
The
Cold War
Cause: The Soviet Union wanted to spread communism and the USA wanted to stop them and only have Democracy Impact: There was a period of distrust between the two and people were afraid of war Countries Involved: USA, Soviet Union, Germany was split in half between the two What was NATO? North Atlantic Treaty Organization - European countries, Canada, & USA were allies Who was on the Eastern Bloc and Western Bloc?. East - Soviet Union/Communism West - USA/Democracy Draw a picture of the Iron Curtain and add a caption explaining its significance. The line separating the Democratic west and Communist East - separated everyone Rise of Superpowers:
Cause: During the Cold War, many countries sided with either the USA or the SU Impact: They were evenly matched in case of world war Countries involved: USA, SU Collapse of the Soviet Union
Cause: They ran out of money and people were unhappy Impact: They began making changes and getting rid of communism What marked the end of the Soviet Union? The SU broke up into many countries including Russia Reunification of Germany:
Cause: Communism began to fall Impact: Democracy took over in its place What marked the end of the Soviet Union? Fall of the Berlin Wall & breakup of the SU Describe the political views of East Germany and West Germany. East = Communist. West = Democratic. When the Berlin Wall fell Germany became one country again. Impact of Slavery on the development of the Americas pg 95.
Write 5-8 sentences explaining how slavery helped develop the Americas. The Europeans had a lot of new land and natural resources. They set up plantations to grow new things to make money. They needed labor to run them. They tried Native Americans at first but they were too sick and many of them died. They needed a new labor force so they brought people from Africa to work the farms to make them money. The more money they made, the larger they grew.
Spanish Conquistadors Page 87-93
Encounter Aztecs Cortes VS Montezuma Cortes and his men came from Spain to conquer the Aztecs. The Aztecs first welcomed them. Incas Pizarro VS Atahualpa Consequences After taking their leader captive and fighting for a while, Spain took control of the Aztecs and their land for many years. When Pizarro learned of The Incas tried to trade gold the wealthy Inca empire, his for Atahualpa, but he was Spanish king gave permission later executed and Spain took to take it over. His men hid control of the Incas Empire. and ambushed the Incas and defeated them. Location of Empires Central & Southern MExico Western coast of South America Freedom Fighters pg 99-102
Person Toussaint L’Ouverture Simon Bolivar Miguel Hidalgo Country they fought for For for freedom of Haiti from France. Helped win independence for many South American countries: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela Father of Mexican Independence from Spain. Contributions to independence Led revolts for slave freedom in Haiti. Later became governor. He helped end Spanish rule in South America. A priest who led a peasant army against the Spanish. impact of the Columbian Exchange pg 94
Latin America Europe Indigenous Population Many were killed by European disease Europeans brought diseases that killed people Agricultural Change Now had coffee, peaches, sugar, wheat Religion Language Horse Many were forced to convert Many were forced to speak new languages Helped them trade with other tribes Took back cocoa, corn, potatoes, peppers, tomatoes Brought new religions to the natives Brought new languages to the natives Used in battle against the natives Cuban Revolution pg 103
What was the impact of the Cuban Revolution. Include the Soviet Union, Fidel Castro, Batista, and the Cuban Missile Crisis in your response. Fidel Castro overthrew Batista and created a communist government in Cuba. They became friends with the Soviet Union because they were both communist. Cuba allowed the SU to have missiles in Cuba and the USA threatened to invade until they were finally removed. Zapatistas pg 105
Explain the impact: They fight for improved rights for indigenous people. When NAFTA happened, they took over several towns. Political outcomes: They work with the government but are still not happy with the treatment of Mexico’s people. Canada’s Language and Religion/Independence
How did colonization impact language and religion of Canada and Quebec? Pg 106 Europeans who colonized Canada came most from England and France. Those two languages are still spoken there today. Quebec speaks mostly French. Describe how Canada became independent. Pg 107 They first asked for more freedom. Then, after WWI they wanted full independence from Great Britain. It was peaceful. Explain Quebec’s independence movement. Pg 108 Some people want them to be independent because of their French heritage. They are still part of Canada, but given more freedom. Aborigines pg 203 This is the indigenous population of ​
Australia . Describe the culture in terms of way of life, inventions, social structure. They lived in tribes that moved from place to place. They came up with ways to store water and created many early inventions. You were born into a certain group and stayed there for your whole life. Explain how weapons impacted the Aborigines. They had their own weapons but they were no match for the European weapons. Explain how diseases impacted the Aborigines. Many were killed by diseases brought by the Europeans