Compressed gases and liquids in portable cylinders are used for a variety of
tasks on campus. Uses include welding, powering the forklift, and in research
labs. The convenience of compressed gas doesn't come without a risk, and we
must store, handle and use them properly to prevent devastating
consequences. This Safety Talk will cover the hazards of compressed gas
cylinders and look at some safety tips for proper use.
TYPES OF COMPRESSED GASES:
All compressed gases are one of three major categories: liquefied, nonliquefied and dissolved gases.
• Liquefied gases are gases which can become liquids when under
pressure in the cylinder. Propane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide
are examples of liquefied gases on campus.
• Non-liquefied gases are also known as compressed, pressurized or
permanent gases. Common examples of these on campus are oxygen,
nitrogen, helium and argon.
• Dissolved gases is the third category. Acetylene is the only common
dissolved gas, however, rarely used on campus.
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PRIMARY HAZARDS OF COMPRESSED GASES:
High Pressure: High pressures inside the cylinders can turn damaged
cylinders into uncontrolled rockets and have caused severe injury.
Fire and Explosions: Flammable gases such as acetylene, hydrogen, and
propane, can burn or explode in certain conditions. Also, when a cylinder
leaks in a poorly ventilated area, heavy gases can collect in sewers, pits,
trenches, or basements. If the gas trail contacts an ignition source, the fire
produced can flash back to the cylinder.
Health Effects: Many compressed gases are toxic or very toxic. They could
cause various health problems depending on the specific gas and exposure.
Asphyxiation: Inert gases, such as argon, helium, and nitrogen, are not toxic
and do not burn or explode. However, they can displace enough air to reduce
oxygen levels when released. If oxygen levels are low enough, people entering
the area can lose consciousness or die from asphyxiation.
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BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES:
Always store cylinders with their valves in the closed position;
When in storage, securely attach cylinder valve caps;
Separate cylinders according to their contents. Place oxygen cylinders at least
20 feet from any flammable gas cylinders or combustible materials.;
Label empty cylinders, and store empty cylinders separate from full cylinders;
Secure all cylinders while in storage and in use;
Ensure adequate ventilation in cylinder storage areas;
Keep cylinder storage away from fire and potential electrical hazards;
Always wear the correct PPE when replacing/changing cylinders;
Ensure all cylinders are labeled to identify their contents;
Contact the supplier if the cylinder label does not identify contents;
Always move heavy cylinders with a hand dolly never, drag or roll;
Before use, inspect all cylinders, valves, regulators, hoses, and other equipment;
Do not travel in an elevator with the cylinder;
Use the correct regulator for the cylinder to reduce pressure;
Ensure that all connectors are free of oil and grease.
BY THE NUMBERS:
2200 PSI
Average pressure inside a cylinder
20 Feet
Distance oxygen must be stored from flammable
gas cylinders
How far a cylinder could travel if the neck is
suddenly broken off
¾ Mile
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Questions/Discussion:
What are the common cylinders used in your work area? What are the
hazards associated with these products?
Are aerosol cans compressed gas cylinders? What is the largest cylinder on
campus?
If you suspect a cylinder is leaking, what should you do?
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Questions, concerns or comments contact the EHS Director at extension
5504 .