Name ___________________________________________ Date ____________________
Study Guide for Science
Shadows, Tides, Seasons and the Moon
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Review on Tides
1. Use the diagram below to complete the questions:
There is a high tide occurring at
Position B, and it is 6:00 AM. As the
Earth rotates on its axis, when will
another high tide most likely occur?
6:00 PM
In addition to Position B, what other
location is experiencing high tides?
Position D
2. Fourth grade students poured water into a large, rectangular container. Then they tilted
the container back and forth to simulate what happens when tides occur. When the
container was tilted, most of the water wen to one side of it and the other side held very
little water. This model is limited in its representation of tides. Why?
The size of the tides and the model created are not the same.
3. A boat is attached to a dock in the picture below. The depth of the water is shown at
different times of the day.
Why does the water level change?
The depth of the water is controlled by
the moon’s gravity, which causes high
and low tides.
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4. The moon and Earth both have mass. The Moon is constantly trying to pull everything on
Earth toward it, but because the Earth has more mass, the moon is able to pull only Earth’s
water toward it. This rise and fall of the water at sea level is called -tides.
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Review of Seasons
5. A person living in the southeastern U.S. has a birthday July 25. What season of the year
will it be when the person’s birthday arrives next year?
Summer
6. Look at the diagram below. It shows that Earth’s tilted axis creates our seasons. The first
day of each season for a particular year is labeled on the diagram.
What would most likely be the first day
of summer?
June 21
7. What season will the Northern Hemisphere experience when Earth is in Position C as
seen below in the model?
Winter
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Review of the Moon
8. The sky is clear with many stars but no Moon. The Moon is not seen because __.
It is a New Moon
9. A scientist who studies the Moon and space is called --.
an astronomer
10. According to the chart below, what phase of the moon will occur on September 20?
New Moon
11. It takes 29.5 days to complete one lunar cycle, known as a lunar month.
Why does the moon appear to change shape each lunar month?
Each month, the Moon revolves around the Earth, so only portions of the
bright side of the Moon are visible.
12. According to the calendar, which illustration below shows the way the Moon will appear
on Saturday, June 11?
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A
B
C
D
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Review of Shadows
13. Describe an activity you might use to best map the position of a shadow during the
afternoon.
Place a tall object outside. Use sunglasses to protect your eyes while
recording the shadow made by the object. Draw the shadow on a piece of
paper every hour for 5 hours.
14.
You have discovered that shadows change position throughout the day.
Approximately what time was it when this
shadow was cast?
2:00 PM
15. In an activity, students stand in the same location, facing the same direction, at
different times of the day.
Why do shadows change at different
times of the day?
As Earth rotates on its axis, the
direction from which sunlight
reaches Earth changes.
16. Shadows at noon are shortest because –the sun is overhead.
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Review of Science Safety and Equipment
17. Students are observing leaves from unidentified plants to assist in identifying patterns
of change in plant life throughout the four seasons. Why is it an important safety
precaution to use goggles and gloves during this investigation?
Unknown plants may be toxic and should be kept away from the eyes.
18. What science tools would be most useful when observing the appearance of the Moon
over time?
computer and camera
19. Students observed and collected leaves from specific trees and plants throughout the
year. The physical condition of each selected tree and plant is documented. Photographs of
the trees and plants are taken using a digital camera. The students noticed that some of
the leaves changed colors, some fell off the trees, and some created more seeds. After
analyzing the data, the students concluded that the observation of trees and plants
throughout the year can be most useful when predicting –
patterns of change in seasons
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