Introduction to World History
Why do we study history?
1.
How do historians reconstruct the past?
2.
How does geography influence how people
live?
3.
What are the characteristics of a civilization?
4.
How do people live and survive?
5.
What is the purpose of political systems?
Vocabulary Terms To Know
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History
Historian
Archaeology
Prehistory
Artifact
Economic Systems
Traditional Economy
Barter Economy
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Capitalism
Scarcity
Supply
Demand
Natural Resources
Interdependence
Vocabulary Terms To Know
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Political Systems
Bureaucracy
Civilization
Geography
Geographic/physical
features
How do historians
reconstruct the past?
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Historians research, analyze, and
interpret various types of evidence to
come to conclusions about the past.
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Archaeologists analyze artifacts to
draw conclusions about peoples’
beliefs, values, and daily life.
1. How do historians
reconstruct the past?
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Historians and Archaeologists study
artifacts to learn about prehistoric life.
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Prehistory = period of time before writing
systems were developed; history was recorded
using poems , songs, stories and were passed
along orally by people
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Artifact = objects made by people, such as
tools, weapons, clothing, etc.
2. How does geography
influence how people live?
Geography is the study of the
environment and how people
survive where they live.
3. What is a civilization?
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Civilization – A highly organized society
that has developed systems of learning
(education), job specialization, religion,
government, culture, military, and an
economy.
4. What are the characteristics of a
civilization?
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Cities
Economic System
Government / Political
Systems
Belief Systems
Job Specialization
Public Works
Writing System
Art & Architecture
Characteristics of a Civilization
Cities
Characteristics of a Civilization
Economic Systems
HOW
PEOPLE
SURVIVE
Types of Economic Systems
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Traditional Economy: people survive by
farming and producing their own food
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Barter Economy: people survive by
exchanging goods and services
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Capitalism: people survive by trading and
owning businesses; people have jobs and
buy what they need to survive;
Economic Vocabulary
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Supply: goods or products that are
available for sale or consumption
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Demand: what people need or want
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Resources: products that are available
based on geography or location
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Scarcity: a shortage of a product
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How does scarcity affect the price of an item if
the demand is high?
Characteristics of a Civilization
Political Systems / Government
Rulers unite
their people
and run the
government
.
Bureaucracy: people that
assist the ruler in running
the government;
bureaucrats help make
laws, collect taxes, etc.
5. What is the purpose of
political systems?
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Political System = Government
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What are the different types of government?
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HOW PEOPLE ARE RULED
Democracy = rule by the people
Monarchy = rule by a king or queen
Dictator = person who rules by force
Which type of government is the best?
Characteristics of Civilization
Belief Systems/ Religions
Monotheism
Belief in one god
Polytheism
Belief in many gods
Belief Systems of the
world today:
Characteristics of Civilization
Job Specialization
Characteristics of Civilization
Public Works
Characteristics of Civilization
Writing Systems
Characteristics of Civilization
Art & Architecture