IBM PC 5150
By Li Qiwei , Li Song ,
Wang Lu
The father of IBM PC——Don.Estridge
The IBM PC line
Model name
Model #
Introduced
CPU
Features
PC
5150
August 1981
8088
Floppy disk or cassette system
XT
5160
March 1983
8088
First IBM PC to come with an
internal hard drive as standard.
Portable
5155
February 1984
8088
Floppy-based portable
AT
5170
August 1984
80286
Faster Processor, Faster System
Bus (6Mhz, later 8Mhz, vs
4.77Mhz ), Jumperless
Configuration, Real Time Clock
3270 AT
5281
June 1985
80286
With 3270 terminal emulation
Convertible
5140
April 1986
8088
Microfloppy laptop portable
IBM 5150 PC
System Unit
Size:
- Width - 20", Depth - 16", Height - 5.5"
Weight:
- Without diskette drive - 21 lbs.
- With one - 25 lbs.
- With two drives - 28 lbs.
Electrical:
- 120 v. AC
Cycle Time:
- Main storage - 410 nanoseconds
- Access - 250 nanoseconds
Memory:
- 40K built-in read only memory (ROM)
- 16K to 256K user memory
Standard:
- Keyboard for data and text entry
- Cassette player jack for cassette attachment
- Five expansion slots for additional memory anddisplay,
printer, communications and game adaptors
- Built-in speaker for musical programming
- Power-on automatic self-test of system components
- BASIC language interpreter, 16K memory
Keyboard
Size:
- Width - 20", Depth - 8", Height - 2"
Weight:
- 6 lbs.
Keys:
-83 full-function for data and text entry: includes 10 for
numeric entry and cursor control and 10 special function for
scrolling, editing, etc.
-Easy access to 256 characters (ASCII and Special)
Keyboard:
-Adjustable typing angle
-Detached from system unit and connected by six-foot cable for
flexibility
-All keys automatically repeat
Diskette
drive
Diskette drive
Number of diskettes:
- Up to two 5¼" diskette
drives
Storage capacity:
- 160 kilobytes per
diskette
The Intel 8088 microprocessor was a
variant of the Intel 8086 and was
introduced on July 1, 1979. It had an 8-bit
external data bus instead of the 16-bit
bus of the 8086. The 16-bit registers and
the one megabyte address range were
unchanged, however.
from wikipedia
Because the 8088 chip is mature
and economical, and IBM already
had a history of using Intel chips
in its products and had also
acquired the rights to
manufacture the 8086 family. IBM
chose it as the first real sense of
PC CPU.
The 8088 and a 5 yuan coin
View a second image of the Intel 8088
Microprocessor
Produced
From 1979 to 1990s
Common
Intel, AMD, NEC, Fujitsu
Manufacture
Harris(Intersil), OKI, Siemens,
AG Texas Instruments,
Mitsubishi
CPU clock rate
4.77 MHZ
Max. CPU clock
rate
Address Bus
5 MHz to 10 MHz
Main Memory
1M
Instruction set
x86-16
Package(s)
40-pin DIP, 44-pin PLCC
20 bit
8088 CPU internal use two
independent function components,
BIU(Bus Interface Unit) and
EU(Execution Unit) respectively.
BIU
EU
The flags of 8088
The architecture of 8088
8088 had the same instruction
set as 8086, and there are some
important instructions of them.
Performance
Depending on the clock frequency, the number
of memory wait states, as well as on the
characteristics of the particular application
program, the average performance for the Intel
8088 ranged from approximately 0.33-1
million instructions per second. Meanwhile,
the mov reg, reg and ALU reg, reg instructions
taking two and three cycles respectively
yielded an absolute peak performance of
between 1/3 and 1/2 MIPS per MHz, that is,
somewhere in the range 3–5 MIPS at 10 MHz.
The descendants of the 8088 include the 80188,
80186, 80286, 80386, and later software
compatible processors, which are in use today.
See below for a more complete list.
STORAGE MEDIA OF IBM PC
Cassette tape
• SAM(Sequential Access Memory)
German-made cassettes sold for
computer data recording, circa
1980
Drum memory
Floppy diskettes
8-inch, 5¼-inch, and 3½-inch floppy disks
Floppy diskettes
in IBM PC
• one or two 5.25-inch floppy disk drives
• single-sided double-density drives
(SS/DD, a.k.a. SSDD), or double-sided
double-density drives (DS/DD, a.k.a.
DSDD)
Floppy diskettes
•
•
•
•
magnetic storage
DAM(Direct Access Memory)
floppy disk drive
3.5-inch (89 mm), 5.25-inch (133 mm)
and 8-inch (200 mm)
• The disks were dubbed "floppy" because
the diskette packaging was a very flexible
plastic envelope
DAM(direct access memory/storage)
• A floppy disk, like a cassette tape, is made from a
thin piece of plastic coated with a magnetic
material on both sides. However, it is shaped like
a disk rather than a long thin ribbon. The tracks
are arranged in concentric rings so that the
software can jump from "file 1" to "file 19"
without having to fast forward through files 2-18.
The diskette spins like a record and the heads
move to the correct track, providing what is
known as direct access storage.
Capacity of the floppy disk
Tracks(brown)
Sectors(yellow)
Capacity of the floppy disk
As to floppy disks in IBM PC:
•512
per sector
Thebytes
capacity
of IBM PC is 160kB or 320kB
•8 or 9 sectorsorper
trackor 360kB
180kB
•40 tracks per side
•single-side or double-side
Floppy diskettes
in IBM PC
• one or two 5.25-inch floppy disk drives
• single-sided double-density drives
(SS/DD, a.k.a. SSDD), or double-sided
double-density drives (DS/DD, a.k.a.
DSDD)
Single density and double density
• single density and double density indicated a
difference in logical encoding
• FM(frequency modulation)
• MFM(Modified Frequency Modulation)
Thank You!