PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement
Volume 4 | Issue 1
Article 2
Exploring Alternatives to Out-of-School
Suspension in Kentucky: A quasi-experimental
study examining the effectiveness of Community
service work
David C. May
Mississippi State University, [email protected]
Ethan Stokes
Mississippi State University, [email protected]
Ashlee Oliver
Eastern Kentucky University, [email protected]
Timothy McClure
University of South Carolina, Aiken, [email protected]
Follow this and additional works at: http://encompass.eku.edu/prism
Recommended Citation
May, D. C., Stokes, E., Oliver, A., & McClure, T. (2015). Exploring Alternatives to Out-of-School Suspension in Kentucky: A quasiexperimental study examining the effectiveness of Community service work. PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement, 4 (1).
Retrieved from http://encompass.eku.edu/prism/vol4/iss1/2
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Appalachian Regional Engagement & Stewardship (CARES) at Encompass. It
has been accepted for inclusion in PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement by an authorized administrator of Encompass. For more information,
please contact [email protected].
Exploring Alternatives to Out-of-School Suspension in Kentucky: A quasiexperimental study examining the effectiveness of Community service
work
Cover Page Footnote
The authors would like to thank the Kentucky Center for School Safety for allowing access to the data
analyzed here. Any views and opinions presented here are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the
Kentucky Center for School Safety.
This article is available in PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement: http://encompass.eku.edu/prism/vol4/iss1/2
May et al.: Community Service
©PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement, Vol 4, Number 1, p. 15, (2015)
Exploring Alternatives To Out-Of-School Suspension In
Kentucky: A Quasi-Experimental Study Examining The
Effectiveness Of Community Service Work1
David C. May
Mississippi State University
Ashlee Oliver
Eastern Kentucky University
Ethan Stokes
Mississippi State University
Timothy McClure
University of South Carolina, Aiken
This paper addresses the ineffective and often negative impacts that various forms
of disciplinary measures have on students (e.g. out-of-school suspension, in-school
suspension, and placement in alternative schools) then discusses community service
as a viable alternative to these programs. Data from 17 middle and high schools in
Kentucky that implemented community service in lieu of suspension are compared to
data from 17 control schools to explore whether or not community service programs
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service programs are effective in reducing the amount of out-of-school suspensions
in those schools that use community service programs. Therefore, the authors suggest
that implementing community service works as a viable alternative to in-school or
out-of-school suspensions has the potential to improve academic performance and
conduct within public school settings.
Keywords: Alternative to suspension, Community service, School discipline,
Suspension
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the most widely used methods to assist with this goal is the use of out-of-school suspension
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the use of out-of-school suspension to address student misbehavior has been shown to
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way for schools to reduce suspension and a way for students to become involved in their
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of-school suspensions for both board and law violations and may have a dramatic effect in
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Out of School Suspensions
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is no evidence to demonstrate that suspensions are effective in changing the behavior
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reduced support increases the likelihood of a student dropping out of school altogether
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Alternatives to Suspension
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come from less fortunate socioeconomic situations that are at a higher risk of problematic
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http://encompass.eku.edu/prism/vol4/iss1/2
May et al.: Community Service
Community Service
out of school suspensions should implement and reevaluate annual codes of conduct that
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predicting problematic behaviors in school are essential components of the approach
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have proven to be more successful in reducing suspensions than out-of-school suspensions
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May et al.: Community Service
Community Service
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Published by Encompass,
PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement, Vol. 4 [], Iss. 1, Art. 2
PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement
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Average Annual Suspension Rates (per 1,000 students) For CSW and Control Schools2000-01 to 2011-12
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Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research
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will be more effective in changing behavior than those programs where students work
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number of suspensions in the schools that used it and whether that reduction was greater
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Published by Encompass,
PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement, Vol. 4 [], Iss. 1, Art. 2
PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement
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Conclusion and Policy Impact
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a tool to reducing suspensions and thereby increase funding that schools received based on
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to seek additional funding from government agencies and private foundations to allow
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http://encompass.eku.edu/prism/vol4/iss1/2
May et al.: Community Service
Community Service
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References
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LQ UHGXFLQJ WKH IUHTXHQF\ RI RXWRIVFKRRO VXVSHQVLRQV Journal of Special
Education Leadership21
%URZQVWHLQ53XVKHGRXWThe Education Digest75
&KULVWHQVRQ67KXUORZ06FKRROGURSRXWV3UHYHQWLRQFRQVLGHUDWLRQV
LQWHUYHQWLRQVDQGFKDOOHQJHVPsychological Science13
&KULVWOH&-ROLYHWWH.1HOVRQ&06FKRROFKDUDFWHULVWLFVUHODWHGWRKLJK
VFKRROGURSRXWUDWHVSpecial Education28
&RRSHU51Response to intervention (RTI): a mixed methods study evaluating
the effects of behavior training software on behavior of in-school suspension
students%RVWRQ0$1RUWKHDVWHUQ8QLYHUVLW\
&RVWHQEDGHU90DUNVRQ66FKRROVXVSHQVLRQ$VWXG\ZLWKVHFRQGDU\VFKRRO
VWXGHQWVJournal of School Psychology36
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&URQH ' $ +RUQHU 5 + Building positive behavior support systems in
schools: Functional behavioral assessment1HZ<RUN*XLOIRUG3UHVV
'HQQHU-&R\OH.5RELQ/%DQVSDFK6,QWHJUDWLQJVHUYLFHOHDUQLQJLQWR
DFXUULFXOXPWRUHGXFHKHDOWKULVNVDWDOWHUQDWLYHKLJKVFKRROVJournal of School
Health75
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Education Digest56
'LYLVLRQ RI 6WXGHQW 6XFFHVV Kentucky Department of Education 2011-12 Safe
Schools Annual Statistical Report )UDQNIRUW .< .HQWXFN\ 'HSDUWPHQW RI
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PRISM: A Journal of Regional Engagement, Vol. 4 [], Iss. 1, Art. 2
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