The Norton Anthology
or English Literature
SEVENTH EDITION
VOLUME 1
M. H. Abrams, General Editor
CLASS OF 1916 PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH EiMERITUS,
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
Stephen Greenblatt, Associate General Editor
HARRY LEVIN PROFESSOR OF LITERATURE,
HARVARD UNIVERSITY
W • W • NORTON & COMPANY • New York • London
Contents
PREFACE TO THE SEVENTH EDITION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
xxxiii
xliii
"The Persistence of English" by Geoffrey Nunberg
xlvii
The Middle Ages (to ca. 1485)
l
Introduction
1
Anglo-Saxon England
3
Anglo-Norman England
7
Middle English Literature in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth
Centuries
9
Medieval English
14
Old and Middle English Prosody
19
Timeline
21
ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND
BEDE (ca. 673-735) and C/EDMON'S HYMN
An Ecclesiastical History of the English People
[The Story of Csedmon]
24
23
23
24
THE DREAM OF THE ROOD
26
BEOWULF
29
translated by Seamus Heaney
THE WANDERER
99
THE WIFE'S LAMENT
102
THE BATTLE OF MALDON
103
ANGLO-NORMAN ENGLAND
THE ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE
[Obituary for William the Conqueror]
110
[Henry of Poitou Becomes Abbot of Peterborough]
[The reign of King Stephen]
114
110
110.
113
viii /
CONTENTS
LEGENDARY HISTORIES OF BRITAIN
GEOFFREY OF MONMOUTH
The History of the Kings of Britain
116
[The Story of Brutus and Diana's Prophecy]
WACE
'
Le Roman de Brut
118
[The Roman Challenge]
LAYAMON
Brut
122
[Arthur's Dream]
115
115
116
118
118
' .
122
122
THE MYTH OF ARTHUR'S RETURN
Geoffrey of Monmouth: From History of the Kings of Britain
Wace's: From Roman de Brut
125
Layamon: From Brut
125
MARIE DE FRANCE
Lanval
127
FABLES
.
124
125
126
'
,
140
The Wolf and the Lamb
The Wolf and the Sow
140
141
CELTIC CONTEXTS
142
EXILE OF THE SONS OF UISLIU
LLUDD AND LLEUELYS
/:
142
.
150
ANCRENE RIWLE (Rule for Anchoresses)
[The Parable of the Christ-Knight]
154
153
MIDDLE ENGLISH LITERATURE IN THE FOURTEENTH
AND FIFTEENTH CENTURIES
156
SIR GAWAIN AND THE GREEN KNIGHT (ca. 1375-1400)
156
GEOFFREY CHAUCER (ca. 1343-1400)
210
THE CANTERBURY TALES
213
The General Prologue
215
. The Miller's Prologue and Tale
235
The Prologue
236
The Tale
'237
The Man of Law's Epilogue
252
•
•
CONTENTS
/
ix
The Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale
253
The Prologue
253
The Tale
272
The Pardoner's Prologue and Tale
281
The Introduction
281
The Prologue
282
The Tale
285
The Epilogue
295
The Nun's Priest's Tale
296
[Close of Canterbury Tales]
310
The Parson's Tale
311
The Introduction
311
Chaucer's Retraction
313
LYRICS AND OCCASIONAL VERSE
313
Troilus's Song
314
Truth
31 5
To His Scribe Adam
315
Complaint to His Purse
316
WILLIAM LANGLAND (ca. 1330-1387)
The Vision of Piers Plowman
319
The Prologue
319
[The Field of Folk]
319
Passus 5
322
[The Confession of Envy]
322
[The Confession of Gluttony]
323
[Piers Plowman Shows the Way to Saint Truth]
Passus 6
328
[The Plowing of Piers's Half-Acre]
328
Passus 18
336
[The Harrowing of Hell]
336
The C-Text
346
[The Dreamer Meets Conscience and Reason]
MIDDLE ENGLISH LYRICS
The Cuckoo Song
350
Alison
351
My Lief Is Faren in Londe
352
Western Wind
352
I Am of Ireland
352
What is he, this Iordling, that cometh from the
Ye That Pasen by the Weye
353
Sunset on Calvary
353
I Sing of a Maiden
353
Adam Lay Bound
354
The Corpus Christi Carol
354
317
325
346
349
fight
JULIAN OF NORWICH (1342-ca. 1416)
A Book of Showings to the Anchoress Julian of Norwich
[The First Revelation]
356
Chapter 3
356
352
355
356
x
/
CONTENTS
Chapter 4
357
Chapter 5
358
From Chapter 7
359
Chapter 27
360
[Jesus as Mother]
361
From Chapter 58
361
From Chapter 59
362
Chapter 60
363
Chapter 61
364
[Conclusion]
366
Chapter 86
366
MARGERY KEMPE (ca. 1373-1438)
The Book of Margery Kempe
367
[The Birth of Her First Child and Her First Vision]
367
[Her Pride and Attempts to Start a Business]
369
[Margery and Her Husband Reach a Settlement]
370
[A Visit with Julian of Norwich]
371
[Pilgrimage to Jerusalem]
372
[Examination before the Archbishop]
374
[Margery Nurses Her Husband in His Old Age]
377
366
MYSTERY PLAYS
The Chester Play of Noah's Flood
380
The Wakefield Second Shepherds' Play
391
379
SIR THOMAS MALORY (ca. 1405-1471)
Morte Darthur
421
[The Conspiracy against Lancelot and Guinevere]
[War Breaks Out between Arthur and Lancelot]
[The Death of Arthur]
430
[The Deaths of Lancelot and Guinevere]
435
419
421
426
ROBERT HENRYSON (ca. 1425-ca. 1500)
The Cock and the Fox
439
439
EVERYMAN (after 1485)
445
The Sixteenth Century (1485-1603)
Introduction
Timeline
JOHN SKELTON (ca. 1460-1529)
Mannerly Margery Milk and Ale
Lullay, lullay, like a child
500
The Tunning of Elinour Rumming
Secundus Passus
501
469
469
497
499
500
501
CONTENTS
SIR THOMAS MORE (1478-1535)
Utopia
506
Book 1
506
[More Meets a Returned Traveler]
Book 2
511
[The Geography of Utopia]
511
[Their Gold and Silver]
513
[Marriage Customs]
515
[Religions]
516
[Conclusion]
520
The History of King Richard III
523
[A King's Mistress]
523
xi
503
506
SIR THOMAS WYATT THE ELDER (1503-1542)
The long love that in my thought doth harbor
527
Whoso list to hunt
527
Earewell, Love
528
My galley
528
Divers doth use
528
Madam, withouten many words
529
They flee from me
529
The Lover Showeth How He Is Forsaken of Such as He Sometime
Enjoyed
530
My lute, awake!
530
And wilt thou leave me thus?
531
Forget not yet
532
'" Blame not my lute
533
Stand whoso list
534
Who list his wealth and ease retain
534
Mine own John Poins
535
LITERATURE OF THE SACRED
THE ENGLISH BIBLE
From Tyndale's Translation
540
From The Geneva Bible
541
From The Douay-Rheims Version
541
From The Authorized (King James) Version
/
525
538
539
542
WILLIAM TYNDALE: The Obedience of a Christian Man
[The Forgiveness of Sins]
543
[Scriptural Interpretation]
543
542
JOHN CALVIN: The Institution of Christian Religion
544
From Book 3, Chapter 21
545
ANNE ASKEW: From The First Examination of Anne Askew
547
JOHN FOXE: Acts and Monuments
[The Death of Anne Askew]
5 51
551
xii
/
CONTENTS
The Words and Behavior of the Lady Jane [Grey] upon the
Scaffold
552
BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER: From The Form of Solemnization of
Matrimony
553
BOOK OF HOMILIES: From An Homily Against Disobedience and Willful
Rebellion
556
RICHARD HOOKER: Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity
Book 1, Chapter 3
559
[On the Several Kinds of Law, and on the Natural Law]
Book 1, Chapter 10
561
[The Foundations of Society]
561
ROGER ASCHAM (1515-1568)
Toxophilus
564
The Second Book of the School of Shooting
[Comeliness]
564
The Schoolmaster
565
The First Book for the Youth
565
[Teaching Latin]
565
[A Talk with Lady Jane Grey]
566
[The Italianate Englishman]
567
558
559
563
564
HENRY HOWARD, EARL OF SURREY (1517-1547)
The soote season
570
Love, that doth reign and live within my thought
571
Alas! so all things now do hold their peace
571
Th'Assyrians' king, in peace with foul desire
572
So cruel prison how could betide
572
Wyatt resteth here, that quick could never rest
574
O happy dames, that may embrace
575
Martial, the things that do attain
576
The Fourth Book of Virgil
576
[The Jilted Queen]
576
569
SIR THOMAS HOBY( 1530-1566)
Castiglione's The Courtier
578
Book 1
578
[Grace]
578
Book 4
579
[The Ladder of Love]
579
577
QUEEN ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
The doubt of future foes
594
On Monsieur's Departure
595
Letters
595
To Sir Amyas Paulet
595
To Henry III, king of France
596
593
CONTENTS
Speech to the Troops at Tilbury
The "Golden Speech"
598
/ xiii
597
ARTHUR GOLDING (1 536-1605)
Ovid's Metamorphoses
601
[The Golden Age]
601
600
GEORGE GASCOIGNE (1539-1578)
Woodmanship
602
601
ISABELLA WHITNEY (fl. 1567-1573)
Will and Testament
606
606
EDMUND SPENSER (1552-1599)
614
The Shepheardes Calender
616
To His Booke
617
October
617
The Faerie Queene
622
A Letter of the Authors
624
Book 1
628
Book 2
772
Canto 12
773
[The Bower of Bliss]
773
Book 3
783
Proem
783
Canto 1
785
Canto 2
800
Canto 3
813
[The Visit to Merlin]
813
[Canto 4 Summary]
819
Canto 5
819
[Belphoebe and Timias]
819
Canto 6
826
[Cantos 7 and 8 Summary]
839
[Cantos 9 and 10 Summary]
839
Canto 11
840
Canto 12
853
Amoretti
863
Sonnet 1 ("Happy ye leaves when as those lilly hands")
864
Sonnet 34 ("Lyke as a ship that through the Ocean wyde")
865
Sonnet 37 ("What guyle is this, that those her golden tresses")
865
Sonnet 54 ("Of this worlds Theatre in which we stay")
865
Sonnet 64 ("Comming to kisse her lyps [such grace I found]")
866
Sonnet 65 ("The doubt which ye misdeeme, fayre love, is vaine")
866
Sonnet 67 ("Lyke as a huntsman after weary chace")
866
Sonnet 68 ("Most glorious Lord of lyfe, that on this day")
867
Sonnet 74 ("Most happy letters fram'd by skilfull trade")
867
Sonnet 75 ("One day I wrote her name upon the strand")
867
Sonnet 79 ("Men call you fayre, and you doe credit it")
868
Epithalamion
868
xiv
/
CONTENTS
SIR WALTER RALEGH (1552-1618)
The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd
879
What is our life?
879
[Sir Walter Ralegh to His Son]
880
The Lie
880
Farewell, false love
882
Methought I saw the grave where Laura lay
883
Nature, that washed her hands in milk
883
[The Author's Epitaph, Made by Himself]
884
From The discovery of the large, rich, and beautiful Empire of
Guiana
885
The History of the World
888
[Conclusion: On Death]
888
THE WIDER WORLD
FROBISHER'S VOYAGES TO THE ARCTIC, 1576-78
From A true discourse of the late voyages of discovery
878
889
890
890
DRAKE'S CIRCUMNAVIGATION OF THE GLOBE, 1577-80
From The famous voyage of Sir Francis Drake into the South
Sea
894
894
AMADAS AND BARLOWE'S VOYAGE TO VIRGINIA, 1584
From The first voyage made to Virginia
898
897
HARIOT'S REPORT ON VIRGINIA, 1585
From A brief and true report of the new-found land of Virginia
JOHN LYLY (1554-1606)
Euphues: The Anatomy of Wit
[Euphues Introduced]
907
901
901
906
907
SIR PHILIP SIDNEY (1554-1586)
909
The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia
911
Book 2, Chapter 1
912
Astrophil and Stella
916
1 ("Loving in truth, and fain in verse my love to show")
917
2 ("Not at first sight, nor with a dribbed shot")
917
5 ("It is most true that eyes are formed to serve")
918
6 ("Some lovers speak, when they their muses entertain")
918
7 ("When Nature made her chief work, Stella's eyes")
918
9 ("Queen Virtue's court, which some call Stella's face")
919
10 ("Reason, in faith thou art well served, that still")
919
15 ("You that do search for every purling spring")
920
16 ("In nature apt to like when I did see")
920
18 ("With what sharp checks I in myself am shent")
920
20 ("Fly, fly, my friends, I have my death-wound, fly")
921
21 ("Your words, my friend [right healthful caustics], blame")
921
28 ("You that with allegory's curious frame")
921
CONTENTS
/
xv
31 ("With how sad steps, O Moon, thou climb'st the skies")
922
37 ("My mouth doth water, and my breast doth swell")
922
39 ("Come sleep! O sleep the certain knot of peace")
922
41 ("Having this day my horse, my hand, my lance")
923
45 ("Stella oft sees the very face of woe")
923
47 ("What, have I thus betrayed my liberty?")
924
49 ("I on my horse, and Love on me doth try")
924
52 ("A strife is grown between Virtue and Love")
924
53 ("In martial sports I had my cunning tried")
925
56 ("Fie, school of Patience, fie, your lesson is")
925
61 ("Oft with true sighs, oft with uncalled tears")
925
69 ("O joy, too high for my low style to show")
926
71 ("Who will in fairest book of Nature know")
926
72 ("Desire, though thou my old companion art")
926
74 ("I never drank of Aganippe well")
927
81 ("O kiss, which dost those ruddy gems impart")
927
Fourth Song ("Only joy, now here you are")
928
87 ("When I was forced from Stella ever dear")
929
89 ("Now that of absence the most irksome night")
929
91 ("Stella, while now by Honor's cruel might")
930
Eleventh Song ('"Who is it that this dark night")
930
108 ("When Sorrow [using mine own fire's might]")
931
The nightingale
932
Thou blind man's mark
932
Leave me, O Love
933
The Defense of Poesy
933
[The Lessons of Horsemanship]
934
[The Poet, Poetry]
935
[Three Kinds of Poets]
938
[Poetry, Philosophy, History]
939
[The Poetic Kinds]
943
[Answers to Charges against Poetry]
947
[Poetry in England]
948
[Conclusion]
953
FULKE GREVILLE, LORD BROOKE (1554-1628)
Caelica
955
100 ("In night when colors all to black are cast")
Chorus Sacerdotum
955
955
955
ROBERT SOUTHWELL (1561-1595)
The Burning Babe
956
MARY (SIDNEY) HERBERT, COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE
(1562-1621)
To the Angel Spirit of the Most Excellent Sir Philip Sidney
Psalm 52
960
Psalm 139
961
SAMUEL DANIEL (1562-1619)
Delia
964
33 ("When men shall find thy flower, thy glory pass")
956
957
958
964
964
xvi
/
CONTENTS
45 ("Care-charmer Sleep, son of the sable Night")
964
46 ("Let others sing of knights and paladins")
965
Musophilus
965
[Imperial Eloquence]
965
MICHAEL DRAYTON (1563-1631)
Idea
967
To the Reader of These Sonnets
967
6 ("How many paltry, foolish, painted things")
967
61 ("Since there's no help, come, let us kiss and part")
Ode. To the Virginian Voyage
968
CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE (1564-1593)
Hero and Leander
971
The Passionate Shepherd to His Love
989
Doctor Faustus
990
The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus
991
The Two Texts of Doctor Faustus
1023
966
967
970
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE (1564-1616)
1026
SONNETS
1028
1 ("From fairest creatures we desire increase")
1029
3 ("Look in thy glass and tell the face thou viewest")
1029
12 ("When I do count the clock that tells the time")
1030 "
1 5 ("When I consider every thing that grows")
1030
18 ("Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?")
1031
19 ("Devouring Time, blunt thou the lion's paws")
1031
20 ("A woman's face with Nature's own hand painted")
1031
29 ("When, in disgrace with Fortune and men's eyes")
1032
30 ("When to the sessions of sweet silent thought")
1032
33 ("Full many a glorious morning have I seen")
1033
35 ("No more be grieved at that which thou hast done")
1033
55 ("Not marble, nor the gilded monuments")
1033
60 ("Like as the waves make towards the pebbled shore")
1034
65 ("Since brass, nor stone, nor earth, nor boundless sea")
1034
71 ("No longer mourn for me when I am dead")
1034
73 ("That time of year thou mayst in me behold")
1035
74 ("But be contented; when that fell arrest")
1035
87 ("Farewell: thou art too dear for my possessing")
1036
94 ("They that have power to hurt and will do none")
1036
97 ("How like a winter hath my absence been")
1036
98 ("From you have I been absent in the spring")
1037
106 ("When in the chronicle of wasted time")
1037
107 ("Not mine own fears, nor the prophetic soul")
1037
110 ("Alas, 'tis true I have gone here and there")
1038
116 ("Let me not to the marriage of true minds")
1038
126 ("O thou, my lovely boy, who in thy power")
1039
127 ("In the old age black was not counted fair")
1039
128 ("How oft when thou, my music, music play'st")
1039
129 ("Th' expense of spirit in a waste of shame")
1040
130 ("My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun")
1040
CONTENTS
135
138
144
146
147
/ xvii
("Whoever hath her wish, thou hast thy Will")
1041
("When my love swears that she is made of truth")
1041
("Two loves I have of comfort and despair")
1041
("Poor soul, the center of my sinful earth")
1042
("My love is as a fever, longing still")
1042
Twelfth Night, or What You Will
1043
King Lear
1106
The Two Texts of King Lear
1192
THOMAS CAMPION (1567-1620)
My sweetest Lesbia
1196
I care not for these ladies
1196
When to her lute Corinna sings
1197
Rose-cheeked Laura
1198
Now winter nights enlarge
1198
There is a garden in her face
1199
Think'st thou to seduce me then
1199
Fain would I wed
1200
1196
THOMAS NASHE (1567-1601)
A Litany in Time of Plague
1201
Pierce Penniless, His Supplication to the Devil
1202
[The Defense of Plays]
1202
The Unfortunate Traveler, or The Life of Jack Wilton
1204
[Roman Summer]
1204
1200
The Early Seventeenth Century (1603-1660)
1209
Introduction
Timeline
1209
1231
JOHN DONNE (1572-1631)
SONGS AND SONNETS
1233
1236
The Flea
1236
The Good-Morrow
1236
Song ("Go and catch a falling star")
1237
The Undertaking
1238
The Sun Rising
1239
The Indifferent
1239
The Canonization
1240
Song ("Sweetest love, I do not go")
1242
Air and Angels
1243
Break of Day
1243
A Valediction: Of Weeping
1244
Love's Alchemy
1245
A Nocturnal upon Saint Lucy's Day, Being the Shortest Day
The Bait
1247
The Apparition
1247
1245
xviii
/
CONTENTS
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning
The Ecstasy
1249
The Funeral
1251
The Blossom
1252
The Relic
1253
A Lecture upon the Shadow
1254
1248
Elegy 16. On His Mistress
1254
Elegy 19. To His Mistress Going to Bed
1256
Satire 3
1257
The Storm
1260
From An Anatomy of the World
1262
Holy Sonnets
1268
1 ("Thou hast made me, and shall thy work decay?")
1268
5 ("I am a little world made cunningly")
1268
7 ("At the round earth's imagined corners, blow")
1269
9 ("If poisonous minerals, and if that tree")
1269
10 ("Death, be not proud, though some have called thee")
1270
13 ("What if this present were the world's last night?")
1270
14 ("Batter my heart, three-personed God; for you")
1271
17 ("Since she whom I loved hath paid her last debt")
1271
18 ("Show me, dear Christ, thy spouse so bright and clear")
1.271
19 ("Oh, to vex me, contraries meet in one")
1272
Good Friday, 1613. Riding Westward
1272
A Hymn to Christ, at the Author's Last Going into Germany
1273
Hymn to God My God, in My Sickness
1274
A Hymn to God the Father
1275
Devotions upon Emergent Occasions
1276
Meditation 4
1276
Meditation 17
1277
From Expostulation 19 [The Language of God]
1278
From Death's Duel
1280
AEMILIA LANYER (1569-1645)
Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum
1282
To the Doubtful Reader
1282
To the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty
To the Virtuous Reader
1283
Eve's Apology in Defense of Women
The Description of Cooke-ham
1287
1281
1282
1285
BEN JONSON (1572-1637)
The Masque of Blackness
1294
Volpone, or The Fox
1303
EPIGRAMS
1393
To My Book
1393
On Something, That Walks Somewhere
To William Camden
1394
On My First Daughter
1394
1292
1394
CONTENTS
To John Donne
1395
On Don Surly
1395
On Giles and Joan
1396
On My First Son
1396
On Lucy, Countess of Bedford
1397
To Lucy, Countess of Bedford, with Mr. Donne's Satires
Inviting a Friend to Supper
1398
Epitaph on S. P., a Child of Queen Elizabeth's Chapel
/
xix
1397
1399
THE FOREST
1399
To Penshurst
1399
Song:ToCelia
1402
To Heaven
1402
UNDERWOOD
1403
From A Celebration of Charis in Ten Lyric Pieces
1403
A Sonnet to the Noble Lady, the Lady Mary Wroth
1408
My Picture Left in Scotland
1409
To the Immortal Memory and Friendship of That Noble Pair, Sir Lucius
Cary and Sir H. Morison
1409
Slow, Slow, Fresh Fount
1413
Queen and Huntress
1413
Still to Be Neat
1414
To the Memory of My Beloved, The Author, Mr. William Shakespeare,
and What He Hath Left Us
1414
Ode to Himself
1416
From Timber, or Discoveries
1418
MARY WROTH (1587?-1651?)
1422
The Countess of Montgomery's Urania
1423
From The First Book
1423
Song ("Love what art thou? A vain thought")
1427
Pamphilia to Amphilanthus
1428
1 ("When night's black mantle could most darkness prove")
1428
16 ("Am I thus conquered? Have I lost the powers")
1428
^-.
28 Song ("Sweetest love, return again")
1428
39 ("Take heed mine eyes, how you your looks do cast")
1429
40 ("False hope which feeds but to destroy, and spill")
1429
68 ("My pain, still smothered in my grieved breast")
1430
74 Song ("Love a child is ever crying")
1430
From A Crown of Sonnets Dedicated to Love
1431
77 ("In this strange labyrinth how shall I turn?")
1431
103 ("My muse now happy, lay thyself to rest")
1431
JOHN WEBSTER (158O?-1625?)
The Duchess of Main
1433
ELIZABETH CARY (1585?-1639)
The Tragedy of Mariam, the Fair Queen of Jewry
From Act 1
1510
1432
1508
1 509
xx
/
CONTENTS
From Act 3
From Act 4
From Act 5
1516
1519
1524
THE SCIENCE OF SELF AND WORLD
FRANCIS BACON
ESSAYS
1 528
1529
1531
Of Truth
1531
Of Marriage and Single Life
Of Great Place
1533
Of Superstition
1535
Of Plantations
1536
Of Negotiating
1 538
Of Masques and Triumphs
Of Studies [i 597 version]
Of Studies [1625 version]
1532
1 539
1541
1541
The Advancement of Learning
[The Abuses of Language]
Novum Organum
1544
[The Idols]
1544
The New Atlantis
1 548
[Solomon's House]
1548
1542
1542
MARTHA MOULSWORTH: The Memorandum of Martha
Moulsworth, Widow
1552
RACHEL SPEGHT: Mortality's Memorandum
From A Dream
1556
1556
ROBERT BURTON: The Anatomy of Melancholy
From Democritus Junior to the Reader
1561
From Love Melancholy
1565
1 560
SIR THOMAS BROWNE
Religio Medici
1570
Part 1, Sections 1-6, 9, 15, 16, 34, 59
Part 2, Section 1
1577
Hydriotaphia, or Urn-Burial
1578
From Chapter 5
1578
1569
IZAAK WALTON: The Life of Dr. John Donne
[Donne on His Deathbed]
1 583
1570
1582
CONTENTS
/
xxi
THOMAS HOBBES: Leviathan
1587
The Introduction
1588
^
[The Artificial Man]
1 588
Parti
1589
Chapter 1. Of Sense
1589
Chapter 13. Of the Natural Condition of Mankind as Concerning
Their Felicity and Misery
1590
From Chapter 14. Of the First and Second Natural Laws
1593
From Chapter 15. Of Other Laws of Nature
1 594
GEORGE HERBERT (1593-1633)
THE TEMPLE
1597
The Altar
1597
Redemption
1597
Easter
1598
Easter Wings
1599
Affliction (1)
1599
Prayer (1)
1601
Jordan (1)
1601
Church Monuments
1602
The Windows
1602
Denial
1603
Virtue
1604
Man
1604
Jordan (2)
1605
Time
1606
The Bunch of Grapes
1607
The Pilgrimage
1608
The Holdfast
1609
The Collar
1609
The Pulley
1610
The Flower
1610
The Forerunners
1612
Discipline
1613
Death
1613
Love (3)
1614
1595
HENRYVAUGHAN (1621-1695)
1615
POEMS
1616
A Song to Amoret
1616
SILEX SCINTILLANS
1617
Regeneration
1617
The Retreat
1619
Silence, and Stealth of Days!
1620
Corruption
1621
Unprofitableness
1622
The World
1622
They Are All Gone into the World of Light!
Cock-Crowing
1625
1624
xxii /
CONTENTS
The Night
1626
The Waterfall
1628
RICHARD CRASHAW(ca. 1613-1649)
DELIGHTS OF THE MUSES
Music's Duel
1629
1630
1630
STEPS TO THE TEMPLE
1634
To the Infant Martyrs
1634
I Am the Door
1634
On the Wounds of Our Crucified Lord
Luke 11.[27]
1635
1634
CARMEN DEO NOSTRO
1635
In the Holy Nativity of Our Lord God: A Hymn Sung as by the
Shepherds
1635
To the Noblest & Best of Ladies, the Countess of Denbigh
1639
The Flaming Heart
1640
ROBERT HERRICK (1591-1674)
HESPERIDES
1644
The Argument of His Book
1644
Upon the Loss of His Mistresses
1645
The Vine
1645
Dreams
1646
Delight in Disorder
1646
His Farewell to Sack
1646
Corinna's Going A-Maying
1648
To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time
1649
The Hock-Cart, or Harvest Home ' 1650
How Roses Came Red
1651
Upon the Nipples of Julia's Breast
1651
Upon Jack and Jill. Epigram
1652
ToMarygolds
1652
His Prayer to Ben Jonson
1652
The Bad Season Makes the Poet Sad
1653
The Night-Piece, to Julia
1653
Upon His Verses
1654
His Return to London
1654
Upon Julia's Clothes
1654
Upon Prue, His Maid
1655
To His Book's End
1655
NOBLE NUMBERS
1655
To His Conscience
1655
Another Grace for a Child
1643
1655
THOMAS CAREW (1595-1640)
An Elegy upon the Death of the Dean of Paul's, Dr. John Donne
To Ben Jonson
1659
A Song ("Ask me no more where Jove bestows")
1660
A Rapture
1661
1656
1656
CONTENTS
SIR JOHN SUCKLING (1609-1642)
Song ("Why so pale and wan, fond lover?")
FRAGMENTA AUREA
/ xxiii
1664
1665
1665
Loving and Beloved
1665
A Ballad upon a Wedding
1666
THE LAST REMAINS OF SIR JOHN SUCKLING
Out upon It!
1669
1669
RICHARD LOVELACE (1618-1657)
LUCASTA
1670
1670
To Lucasta, Going to the Wars
1670
The Grasshopper
1671
To Althea, from Prison
1672
Love Made in the First Age. To Chloris
1673
EDMUND WALLER (1606-1687)
The Story of Phoebus and Daphne Applied
Song ("Go, lovely rose!")
1676
1675
1675
ABRAHAM COWLEY (1618-1667)
Ode: Of Wit
1677
1676
KATHERINE PHILIPS (1632-1664)
A Married State
1679
Upon the Double Murder of King Charles
1680
Friendship's Mystery, To My Dearest Lucasia
1681
To Mrs. M. A. at Parting
1682
On the Death of My First and Dearest Child, Hector Philips
1679
ANDREW MARVELL (1621-1678)
POEMS
1683
1684
1685
The Coronet
1685
Bermudas
1686
A Dialogue Between the Soul and Body
1687
The Nymph Complaining for the Death of Her Fawn
To His Coy Mistress
1691
The Definition of Love
1692
The Picture of Little T. C. in a Prospect of Flowers
The Mower Against Gardens
1694
Damon the Mower
1695
The Mower to the Glowworms
1697
The Mower's Song
1698
The Garden
1698
An Horatian Ode
1700
Upon Appleton House
1704
VOICES OF THE WAR
LUCY HUTCHINSON: Memoirs of Colonel Hutchinson
[A Confrontation]
1727
1688
1693
1725
1726
xxiv
/
CONTENTS
LADY ANNE HALKETT: The Memoirs
[Springing the Duke]
1731
1730
JOHN LILBURNE: The Picture of the Council of State
[Lilburne Defies the Authorities]
1735
1734
GERRARD WINSTANLEY: From The True Levellers'
Standard Advanced
1739
ANNA TRAPNEL: From Anna Trapnel's Report and Plea, or,
a Narrative of Her Journey from London into Cornwall
1743
ABIEZER COPPE: From A Fiery Flying Roll
1747
EDWARD HYDE, EARL OF CLARENDON: The History of the
Rebellion
[The Character of Oliver Cromwell]
1751
1751
THOMAS TRAHERNE (1637-1674)
Centuries of Meditation
1755
From The Third Century
1755
Wonder
1756
On Leaping over the Moon
1757
1754
MARGARET CAVENDISH (1623-1673)
POEMS AND FANCIES
1759
The Poetess's Hasty Resolution
1759
The Hunting of the Hare
1760
From A True Relation of My Birth, Breeding, and Life
1762
From The Description of a New World, Called The Blazing
World
1765
1759
JOHN MILTON (1608-1674)
POEMS
1774
On the Morning of Christ's Nativity
On Shakespeare
1782
L'Allegro
1782
II Penseroso
1786
Lycidas
1790
1771
1774
The Reason of Church Government Urged Against Prelaty
[Plans and Projects]
1796
From Areopagitica
1801
SONNETS
1811
How Soon Hath Time
1812
On the New Forcers of Conscience Under the Long Parliament
To the Lord General Cromwell, May 1652
1813
When I Consider How My Light Is Spent
1814
1796
1812
CONTENTS
- On the Late Massacre in Piedmont
1814
Methought I Saw My Late Espoused Saint ,
Paradise Lost
/
xxv
1815
1815
The Restoration and the Eighteenth Century
(1660-1785)
2045
Introduction .
Timeline
•
.
.2045
2069
JOHN DRYDEN (1631-1700)
Annus Mirabilis
2073
[London Reborn]
2073
Song from Marriage a la Mode
2075
Absalom and Achitophel: A Poem
2075
Mac Flecknoe
2099
To the Memory of Mr. Oldham
2106
A Song for St. Cecilia's Day
2106
Epigram on Milton
2108
Alexander's Feast
2109
'• CRITICISM
2114
An Essay of D r a m a t i c Poesy
[Two Sorts of B a d Poetry]
2114
2114:
2071
.
• •
[The Wit of the Ancients: The Universal]
2115
[Shakespeare and Ben Jonson Compared]
2117
The Author's Apology for Heroic Poetry and Heroic License
["Boldness" of Figures and Tropes Defended: The Appeal to
"Nature"]
2119
• ' [Wit as "Propriety"]
2120
A Discourse Concerning the Original and Progress of Satire
[The Art of Satire]
2120
The Preface to Fables Ancient and Modern
2121
[In Praise of Chaucer]
2121
SAMUEL PEPYS (1633-1703)
The Diary
2123
[The Great Fire]
2123
[The Deb Willet Affair]
2127
JOHN BUNYAN (1628-1688)
.
From Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners , • 2132
The Pilgrim's Progress
2137..
[Christian Sets out for the Celestial City] • 2137
[The Slough of Despond]
2139
[Vanity Fair]
2140
[The River of Death and the Celestial City]
2143
2119
2120
2122
. 2132
xxvi /
CONTENTS
JOHN LOCKE (1632-1704)
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
From The Epistle to the Reader
2146
SIR ISAAC NEWTON (1642-1727)
From A Letter of Mr. Isaac Newton
'
2145
2146
2150
2151
SAMUEL BUTLER (1612-1680)
Hudibras
2156
From Part 1, Canto 1
2156
2155
JOHN WILMOT, SECOND EARL OF ROCHESTER (1647-1680)
The Disabled Debauchee
2162
The Imperfect Enjoyment
2163
2162
APHRABEHN(1640?-1689)
The Disappointment
2167
Oroonoko, or The Royal Slave
2165
2170
WILLIAM CONGREVE (1670-1729)
The Way of the World
2217
MARY ASTELL (1666-1731)
From Some Reflections upon Marriage
2215
2280
2281
DANIEL DEFOE (ca. 1660-1731)
Roxana
2285
[The Cons of Marriage]
2285
2284
ANNE FINCH, COUNTESS OF WINCHILSEA (1661-1720)
The Introduction
2291
A Nocturnal Reverie
2293
2291
MATTHEW PRIOR (1664-1721)
An Epitaph
2295
A True Maid
2296
A Better Answer
2297
2294
JONATHAN SWIFT (1667-1745)
A Description of a City Shower
2300
Verses on the Death of Dr. Swift
2301
From A Tale of a Tub
2312
Abolishing of Christianity in England
2321
Gulliver's Travels
2329
A Letter from Captain Gulliver to His Cousin Sympson
The Publisher to the Reader
2333
Part 1. A Voyage to Lilliput
2334
Part 2. A Voyage to Brobdingnag
2372
Part 3. A Voyage to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Glubbdubdrib,
Luggnagg, and Japan
2414
Chapter 2 [The Flying Island of Laputa]
2414
Chapter 5 [The Academy of Lagado]
2420
Chapter 10 [The Struldbruggs]
2423
2298
2331
CONTENTS
Part 4. A Voyage to the Country of the Houyhnhnms
A Modest Proposal
2473
/ xxvii
2428
JOSEPH ADDISON and SIR RICHARD STEELE
(1672-1719)
(1672-1729)
THE PERIODICAL ESSAY: MANNERS
2479
2481
Steele: [The Gentleman; The Pretty Fellow] (Tatler 21)
2481
Steele: [Dueling] (Tatler 25)
2482
Steele: [The Spectator's Club] (Spectator 2)
2484
Addison: [Sir Roger at Church] (Spectator 112)
2488
Addison: [Sir Roger at the Assizes] (Spectator 122)
2490
THE PERIODICAL ESSAY: IDEAS
2492
Addison: [The Aims of the Spectator] (Spectator 10)
2492
Addison: [Wit: True, False, Mixed] (Spectator 62)
2494
Addison: [Paradise Lost: General Critical Remarks]
(Spectator 267)
2499
Addison: [On the Scale of Being] (Spectator 519)
2502
ALEXANDER POPE (1688-1744)
An Essay on Criticism
2509
The Rape of the Lock
2525
Epistle to Miss Blount
2544
Eloisa to Abelard
2545
An Essay on Man
2554
Epistle 1. Of the Nature and State of Man, With Respect to the
Universe
2555
From Epistle 2. Of the Nature and State of Man With Respect to
Himself, as an Individual
2561
Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot
2562
The Dunciad: Book the Fourth
2573
[The Educator]
2575
[The Carnation and the Butterfly]
2576
[The Triumph of Dulness]
2577
2505
LADY MARY WORTLEY MONTAGU (1689-1762)
The Lover: A Ballad
2580
Epistle from Mrs. Yonge to Her Husband
2582
2579
DEBATING WOMEN: ARGUMENTS IN VERSE
JONATHAN SWIFT: The Lady's Dressing Room
2584
2585
LADY MARY WORTLEY MONTAGU: The Reasons that Induced
Dr. Swift to Write a Poem Called the Lady's Dressing Room
2588
ALEXANDER POPE: Impromptu to Lady Winchelsea
2590
ANNE FINCH, COUNTESS OF WINCHILSEA: The Answer
(To Pope's Impromptu)
ALEXANDER POPE: Epistle 2. To a Lady
2591
2592
xxviii /
CONTENTS
ANNE INGRAM, VISCOUNTESS IRWIN: An Epistle to Mr. Pope
2599
MARY LEAPOR: An Essay on Woman
2603
.
JOHN GAY (1685-1732)
The Beggar's Opera
2606
ILLUSTRATION: William Hogarth, The Beggar's Opera 3.11
2605
2646
WILLIAM HOGARTH (1697-1764)
Marriage A-la-Mode
2654
2652
SAMUEL JOHNSON (1709-1784)
The Vanity of Human Wishes
2662
Prologue Spoken by Mr. Garrick
2670
On the Death of Dr. Robert Levet
2672
Translation of Horace, Odes, Book 4.7
2673
Rambler No. 5 [On Spring]
2674
Idler No. 31 [On Idleness]
2677
From The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia
2678
Rambler No. 4 [On Fiction]
2712
Rambler No. 60 [Biography]
2716
A Dictionary of the English Language
2719
From Preface
2719
[Some Definitions: A Small Anthology]
2723
The Preface to Shakespeare
2725
[Shakespeare's Excellence. General Nature] < 2725
[Shakespeare's Faults. The Three Dramatic Unities]
2729
[Twelfth Night]
2734
[King Lear]
2734
2660
LIVES OF THE POETS
2736
Cowley
2736
[Metaphysical Wit]
2736
Milton
2738
[Lycidus]
2738
[L'Allegro, II Penseroso]
2739
[Paradise Lost]
2740
Pope
2746
[Pope's Intellectual Character. Pope and Dryden Compared]
JAMES BOSWELL (1740-1795)
Boswell on the Grand Tour
2751
[Boswell Interviews Voltaire]
2751
•
The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D.
2752
[Plan of the Life]
2752
[Johnson's Early Years. Marriage and London]
2754
[The Letter to Chesterfield]
2759
[A Memorable Year: Boswell Meets Johnson]
2762
[Goldsmith. Sundry Opinions. Johnson Meets His King]
[Fear of Death]
2769
2746
2749
2765
CONTENTS
/
xxix
[Ossian. "Talking for Victory"]
2770
[Dinner with Wilkes]
2772
[Dread of Solitude]
2777
["A Bottom of Good Sense." Bet Flint. "Clear Your Mind of
Cant"]
2777
[Johnson Prepares for Death]
2779
[Johnson Faces Death]
2780
FRANCES BURNEY (1752-1840)
The Journal and Letters
2784
[First Journal Entry]
2784
[Mr. Barlow's Proposal]
2785
["Down with her, Burney!"]
2789
[A Young and Agreeable Infidel]
2791
[Encountering the King]
2793
[A Mastectomy]
2798
2783
SLAVERY AND FREEDOM
2806
IGNATIUS SANCHO and LAURENCE STERNE
Sancho: A Letter to Laurence Sterne
2807
Sterne: Reply to Sancho
2808
Sterne: Tristram Shandy, Volume 9, Chapter 6
Sancho: Letter to Jack Wingrave
2810
2807
2809
SAMUEL JOHNSON: [A Brief to Free a Slave]
2811
OLAUDAH EQUIANO: The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah
Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Written by
Himself
2812
[The Middle Passage]
2813
[A Free Man]
2817
JAMES T H O M S O N (1700-1748)
The Seasons
2822
Autumn
2822
[Evening and Night]
2822
Ode: Rule, Britannia
2824
2822
THOMAS GRAY (1716-1771)
Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College
2826
Ode on the Death of a Favorite Cat
2829
Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
2830
2825
WILLIAM COLLINS (1721-1759)
.
Ode Written in the Beginning of the Year 1746
Ode on the Poetical Character
2834
Ode to Evening
2836
Ode on the Death of Mr. Thomson
2838
2833
2834
• t v "c
CHRISTOPHER SMART (1722-1771)
Jubilate Agno
2840
. 2839
xxx
/
CONTENTS
[My Cat Jeoffry]
A Song to David
2840
2842
OLIVER GOLDSMITH (ca. 1730-1774)
The Deserted Village
2858
2857
GEORGE CRABBE (1754-1832)
The Village
2867
Book 1
2867
2867
WILLIAM COWPER (1731-1800)
The Task
2875
Book 1
2875
[A Landscape Described. Rural Sounds]
[Crazy Kate]
2877
Book 3
2877
[The Stricken Deer]
2877
Book 4
2878
[The Winter Evening: A Brown Study]
The Castaway
2880
2875
2875
2878
POPULAR BALLADS
Lord Randall
2883
Bonny Barbara Allan
2883
The Wife of Usher's Well
2884
The Three Ravens
2886
Sir Patrick Spens
2886
The Bonny Earl of Murray
2888
2882
POEMS IN PROCESS
John Milton
2890
Lycidas
2890
Alexander Pope
2892
The Rape of the Lock
2892
An Essay on Man
2893
Samuel Johnson
2894
The Vanity of Human Wishes
2895
Thomas Gray
2896
Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
2889
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHIES
Suggested General Readings
2899
The Middle Ages
2901
The Sixteenth Century
2907
The Early Seventeenth Century
2915
The Restoration and the Eighteenth Century
GEOGRAPHIC NOMENCLATURE
BRITISH MONEY
THE BRITISH BARONAGE
The Royal Lines of England and Great Britain
2896
2899
2925
2933
2934
2937
2939
CONTENTS
RELIGIONS IN ENGLAND
POETIC FORMS AND LITERARY TERMINOLOGY
ILLUSTRATIONS
The Universe According to Ptolemy
2960
A London Playhouse of Shakespeare's Time
/ xxxi
2942
2944
2962
PERMISSIONS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
2963
INDEX
2965