MAJ Eric Everson
New Mexico Military Institute
101 West College Boulevard
Roswell, NM 88201
Inception Date - 15 June 2013
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
RAPPEL TOWER FACILITIES – NEW MEXICO MILITARY INSTITUTE
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
1
Standard Operation Procedures for the Rappel Tower and New Mexico Military Institute
1. Purpose This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) outlines the policy and procedures for the
management and operations of the Rappel Tower as part of the Yates Leadership Challenge
Complex.
2. Applicability This SOP applies to all mission elements and external civilian organizations
utilizing the Rappel Tower.
3.
Scope NMMI provides rappelling operations at the tower from various groups. NMMI
cadets and staff rendering programming have to assist in training these groups. For cadets it
is a valuable leadership and training development opportunity.
4. Operations Management
1. Safety is of paramount importance to all participants involved in rappelling operations. A
safety briefing will be conducted before all rappelling operations.
2. Safety will be stressed constantly throughout training. Any individual, regardless of rank,
is obligated to stop training if he/she observes an unsafe act.
3. Annual Rappel Tower Safety Inspection – The New Mexico Military Institute will
conduct a yearly safety certification of the rappel tower. At the conclusion, there will be
a memorandum of record prepared by the inspection team certifying that the tower is
safe. This memorandum will be kept on record at NMMI. See memorandum from
NMMI’s Chief of Staff, 31 October 2012, on page 11.
4. Rappel Tower and Equipment Inspection Checklist – Before each use the tower undergo
an inspection of the equipment, and tower site as per the NMMI Rappel Tower and
Equipment Checklist. The checklist will be kept in a Safety Checklist book at the Rappel
Tower.
5. The Commandant’s staff and infirmary must have been informed of operations occurring
at the Rappel Tower. On-site personnel must have current certifications with CPR and
First Aid.
6. Facility will have a minimum of one dedicated evacuation vehicle – POV, NMMI van, or
golf cart.
5. Communication
1. The Officer in Charge (OIC) must have a means of communication with the Command
Post and/or Infirmary.
2. Before commencing operations the OIC will call into the Command Post providing a
muster report. Command Post Line #1 (575)624-8478 or Line #2 (575)624-8163
3. Upon conclusion of operations the OIC will report to the Command Post any incidents or
close calls.
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
2
6. General Rules of Conduct
1. All personnel operating the course will abide by NMMI’s Blue Book.
2. All personnel will exhibit professional leadership as defined in ADRP 6-22 Army
Leadership, August 2012
a. This includes displaying military bearing, domain knowledge, sound judgment,
leading by example, communicating, preparing yourself, creating a positive
environment, and developing others.
b. Below is a list of definitions for each attribute and examples of each.
Leadership Attributes
Example of Attribute
●MILITARY
Always uses appropriate and inoffensive language, minimizes sarcasm, teasing &
inappropriate content. Goes out of their way to be respectful, helpful and
polite to others. Respects self, others & equipment. Realizes how words and
actions impact others. Always listens attentively and respectively to others.
BEARING /
PROFESSIONALISM –
projecting a commanding
presence, a professional image
of authority.
●EXPERTISE – the special
knowledge and skill developed
from experience, training, and
education.
Knows policy & procedures, maintains the highest standards, seeks to master
interpersonal & technical skills. Fulfills obligations by consistently modeling
safe behaviors on spotted events, belay, rappel, static, etc. including tying all
knots with ease. Strives for efficient, effective, high quality performance
standards for self and participants.
●SOUND JUDGEMENT –
the capacity to assess situations
shrewdly and to draw rational
conclusions.
Takes charge of group and takes ownership of the process of decision making,
intentionally and conscientiously evaluating the participants and situation to
make sound judgments. Judgments are made with integrity and in an ethical
manner.
●LEADS BY EXAMPLE –
serve as role models, maintain
standards and provide effective
examples through their actions.
Models the standards, works hard, and sets a good work ethic as a way for others
to model. Is committed to the course, the program, and its vision of
developing leader by showing up to programs with on time with a motivated,
enthusiastic and positive attitude. Sets up all course activities for the day
without oversight. Cleans up course. Is responsible for equipment (rope logs
& gear). Attends all meetings, shows up on time to programs, trainings &
meetings. Consistently demonstrates competence in various skills serving as
role models for others because of who you are and what you represent.
●COMMUNICATES –
clearly expressing ideas and
actively listening to others in
order to translate goals into
actions.
Takes time to explain things, conveying ideas in a clear concise manner. Delivers
effective presentations to diverse audiences using dynamic methods of
communication. informs participants of risks & presents activities &
expectation clearly and confidently. Actively seeks perspectives from others
to ensure inclusiveness and understanding.
●PREPARES SELF – comes
prepared to execute their
leadership responsibilities;
aware of their limitations and
strengths and seek selfdevelopment.
Performs a pre-inspection of the elements. Prepares self mentally and physically
consistently demonstrates positive attitudes, is self-aware and is
compassionate to others. Learns from experience. Takes responsibility for
behavior, mistakes, and results, learns from successes and failures, and
teaches others to do the same.
●CREATES
Greets and welcomes each participant at the beginning, thanks each at the end.
Sincerely cares about the success of others. Understands the intrinsic
motivations of individuals. Creates an environment that is open and
welcoming. Has an understanding of ethics including the ability to recognize
unethical actions.
A POSITIVE
ENVIRONMENT –
establish and maintain positive
expectations and attitudes to
support effective work
behaviors and healthy
relationships.
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
3
●DEVELOPS OTHERS –
encourage and support others to
grow as individuals and teams
and facilitate the achievement
of organizational goals through
helping others to develop.
Finds ways to connect with people, mentors facilitators around him/her,
encourages the personal development of participants. Promotes the full
involvement of participants by reducing barriers. Enables participants work
toward positive outcomes. Leverages working relationships with participants
and colleagues to build strong connections, cooperation and collaboration. Is
supportive, and helpful to others. Is inclusive, developing the strengths and
talents of other facilitators.
7. Personnel required to conduct training / responsibilities
a. Officer in Charge – OIC must be adult NMMI staff or faculty member familiar with
and trained in conducting rappel operations for civilians.
a. Duties and Responsibilities
i. The primary responsibility is risk management (including physical and
emotional well-being of all participants and personnel)
ii. Must be knowledgeable of Rappel Tower SOP, regulations, and
references.
iii. Is responsible for movement and security of all equipment used on the
rappel tower.
iv. The OIC will be responsible to complete risk assessment, ensure that
risk management guidelines are followed, and to
1. complete the “Rappel Tower and Equipment Inspection
Checklist,”
2. update all Rope Logs,
3. and fill out an Incident Report.
v. Has the ability to conduct a refresher briefing on belay and rappel
safety procedures to Belay Control Officer and Rappel Safety Officer
prior to the start of a program. This includes the ability to:
1. Evaluate serviceability of all equipment
2. Care of all equipment
3. Tie all knots,
4. Evaluate all anchor points,
5. Review rappel position, procedures, and inform Rappel Safety
Officers on how to effectively coach participants,
6. Review all commands,
7. Review belay techniques and procedures,
8. Conduct a rescue if rappeler loses control
9. Review of the Emergency Action Plan
vi. It is also the responsibility of the OIC to ensure that prior to training, a
rappel operations safety brief is read to all personnel participating in
training.
vii. Controls access of personnel to the rappeling area.
viii. Is responsible for the security of each participant rappelling by
conducting a final safety inspection of system and participant before
allowing the rappel to proceed.
ix. Responsible for emergency situation/s that may arise and coordinates
appropriate response.
x. Responsible of proper discipline, order and general conduct of cadets
or other guests when they are utilizing the Rappel Tower.
xi. Is responsible for securing the facilities upon completion of program.
b. Training
i. Must have a thorough knowledge of duties and responsibilities,
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
4
ii. Must be proficient in all skills pertaining to Rappel Safety Officer and
Belay Control Officer.
iii. Be able to implement the Emergency Action Plan.
iv. Have extensive training in rappel operations and risk management.
b. Rappel Safety Officer – Rappel Safety Officer refers to qualified and personnel
specific to the Rappel Tower. These individuals will adhere to the standards set forth
in this SOP.
a. Duties and Responsibilities
i. Safety is the Rappel Safety Officer’s number one priority.
ii. They ensure proper safety procedures are followed.
iii. Ensures proper hookup once directed to a rappel station.
iv. When informed by the Belay Control Officer that the gear has been
attached to the belay rope (“Gear Up!”) Rappel Safety Officer replies
with “Send it!” and monitors rope and gear coming to the top of the
tower.
b. Training – they will be trained and knowledgeable on the following subjects:
i. Inspection and maintenance of equipment including but not limited to
ropes, gloves, snaplinks / carabiners, and rappel and belay devices.
ii. Identification of satisfactory anchor points.
iii. Identification of safe and unsafe hookups.
iv. Establishment of an anchor point.
v. Inspection of a seat harness.
vi. Can identify when a participant needs a chest harness and
knowledgeable on how to put it on.
vii. Coaching techniques to talk a rappeller through completion of a
rappel.
viii. Conduct ground training.
ix. Emergency procedures.
x. Belay control procedures.
c. Belay Control Officer – must have completed a belay training or be qualified on the
Rappel Tower. There will be an individual performing belay duties on each rope at
all times while rappel training is being conducted. All belay personnel will receive
training in belay procedures prior to performing belay duties.
a. Duties and Responsibilities
i. Safety is the Belay Control Officer’s number one priority
ii. Assumes a position at the base of the lane about one pace away from
the tower area.
iii. They ensure proper safety procedures are followed
iv. Immediately stops the rappeller by braking the belay device if the
rappeller shouts, FALLING! or loses control of his brake hand during
descent
v. Watches the rappeller at all times, and maintains constant voice or
visual contact.
vi. Wears a helmet to prevent injuries from falling debris.
vii. Attaches gear to belay rope and informs Rappel Safety Officer that it is
attached yelling “Gear up!”
b. Training – they will be trained and knowledgeable on the following subjects:
i. Inspection and maintenance of equipment including but not limited to
ropes, gloves, snaplinks / carabiners, and rappel and belay devices.
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
5
ii. Belay control procedures.
iii. Emergency procedures.
iv. Knowledge of inspection and maintenance of equipment.
d. Rappeler – must understand their duties and responsibilities and undergo ground
training before conducting rappel operations.
a. Duties and Responsibilities
i. Demonstrates proper rappel technique when descending from the
tower
ii. Wears a helmet to prevent injuries from falling debris.
b. Training – they will be trained and knowledgeable on the following subjects:
i. Understand and demonstrate rappel commands.
ii. Demonstrate rappelling positions.
iii. Exhibit satisfactory performance from a rappel tower.
8. Equipment Retirement Criteria
a. Ropes – cuts and abrasions and puffs of fiber, lumps, dirt, or other foreign
substances, soft or hard spots, and fused areas that are smooth or slick.
b. Harness – significant wear or cuts on any part of the webbing and/or belay loop,
torn stitching or webbing, burned / singed areas, abrasion, fraying, or buckle has
corrosion.
c. Helmets – after a serious impact or if there is a crack in the shell, dents, rips,
holes, significant wear on chin strap webbing or adjustment system no longer
holds securely, or broken casing inside the shell.
d. Carabiners / rappel and belay devices – cracks, burrs, scoring, loose or
malfunctioning gate, excessive wear, exposure to corrosive chemical, or if it
sustains a hard fall.
9. MEDEVAC Procedures
a. Medical assistance will be available on site for all rappel operations.
b. The OIC will determine the need for evacuation and notify the Command Post and/or
Infirmary.
10. References
a. TC 21-24, Rappelling, January 2008
b. FM 5-19, Composite Risk Management, 21 August 2006
c. ADRP 6-22, Army Leadership, August 2012
d. NMMI Facilities Department Rappel Tower Report, 2012
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
6
Appendix A – Rappel Tower Safety Briefing (conducted by OIC)
Facilitators should be around the entrance to greet and organize participants.
OPENING: “Welcome to NMMI Rappel Tower!”
PURPOSE: 1. This is an opportunity to use principles of leadership in a challenging, an applied
setting. (Instructor can elaborate as needed. Purposes can include but not be limited to
confidence building, internal locus of control to manage fears, and personal development
as metaphors for success in life.)
TASK: Perform a wall rappel from the tower.
CONDITIONS: At the rappel site you will be given a seat harness, gloves, snap link or
carabiner, rappel rope and rappelling tower to complete the task
STANDARDS: Each cadet conducts a wall rappel within the time period provided by the Rappel
Safety Officer.
DEMONSTRATION OF RAPPELLING TECHNIQUE (conducted by Rappel Safety Officer
and Belay Control Officer)
Commands
●Rappel Safety Officer says to belayer below “Lane 1 on belay?”  This is a request for
the safety to be on.
●Belayer responds with “Lane 1 belay on.”  This is the belayer’s response that they are
ready.
●Rappel Safety Office yells “Lane 1 on rappel?”  This indicates the rappeler’s
intention of commencing the rappel.
●Belayer responds with “Lane 1 rappel on.” This command acknowledges that the
safety is ready to assist in case of an emergency.
Instructions on Rappel
●At all times keep both hands in brake position on the rope alongside and behind the hip.
●Back up to the edge and position the feet shoulder width apart.
●Legs perpendicular to the wall with knees slightly bent, lean back and place body
weight on rappel rope. The correct position is similar to sitting in a chair.
●Take small steps and walk backward down the face, slowly releasing rope through the
rappel device.
● If you lose control of brake hand during descent Rappeler yells “Falling!”
●When the rappel is completed the belayer will disconnect you from the system and tell
you to walk back from the tower 60 feet before moving to the side so that you do not
walk under the ropes.
GENERAL RULES
1. Safety is of primary importance and is everyone's responsibility. NO ACTIVITY
THAT MAY CAUSE AN ACCIDENT OR INJURY WILL BE
PERMITTED!! If it looks or feels unsafe, it probably is. All participants will
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
7
observe the following safety procedures when training on the rappel tower or
rappel site.
2. Turn off cell phones.
3. Secure loose clothing and equipment.
4. Empty your pockets of anything that could result in bodily injury in the event of a fall
(i.e. ball point pen, etc) Also remove any type of jewelry such as rings, watches,
bracelets, or earrings that could snag and/or catch on equipment.
5. Respect the equipment including helmet and harness. Do not bang the equipment together
and do not step on the rope.
6. When climbing up stairs walk up facing the stairs using both hands to ascend.
7. Rappellers will climb the tower or move to the edge of the rappel site only when told to
do so by a Rappel Safety Officer.
8. When instructed to move up to the top rappellers will stay in the container below the top
deck and stay until told to climb up the stairs and move to a rappel point.
9. No one will be allowed to sit or lean on the railings or banisters located on the top of the
tower.
10. Running is prohibited on the ground around the tower or on while inside.
11. No food or drinks are allowed, only water in the area.
12. Anyone observed intentionally committing an unsafe act that might endanger his/her own
life or the life of those around him/her will be removed from the tower or rappel site.
GLOVES: Heavy-duty gloves or black leather gloves with or without green
wool inserts are required for all tower rappel training. All rappellers will
wear gloves.
HEMETS: Helmets will be worn the entire time while on the course.
STEP 1–HEADBAND ADJUSTMENT: Turn the headband adjustment
wheel to adjust to your head size.
STEP 2–CHIN STRAP ADJUSTMENT: The Y–chin strap may be adjusted
forward or backwards, and closed by the clip buckle.
STEP 1
STEP 3–FIT
● Wear the helmet flat atop your head, not tilted back at an angle.
● Make sure the helmet fits snugly and does not obstruct your field of
vision.
● Make sure the chin strap fits securely and that the buckle stays
fastened.
HARNESS
● A waist belt seat harness should fit snugly along the hip bones and be
impossible to pull down.
● It should no more than “one finger” loose.
● The webbing should not twisted.
STEP 2
CONCLUSION: This concludes the safety briefing.
Break into groups to don gloves and helmets and conducts ground school training.
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
8
Appendix B – Check Card, Rappel Safety Officer / Ground School Training
General Rules
1. Rappel Safety Officer will wear a safety line or some restraint system secured to an anchor point while on
the Rappel Tower.
2. Rappeller will be secured to a safety line when on the deck of the tower.
3. Any participant weighing over 190 lbs. may use a double wrap around the figure-8.
4. Both rappeller and Rappel Safety Officer will insure that belay personnel are present and ready at the base
of the tower or rappel site.
Approach
1. Rappel Safety Officer informs the next repeller in holding to approach
Rappel Safety Officer Checks
1. Check Rappel System
2. Check Belay System
3. C.R.A.S.H. Safety Check – VERBALLY GO THROUGH – STATE AND SHOW PARTICIPANT
C – Connections/Carabiners: take out extra slack in the rappel device, check gate for closure.
R – Rope: evaluate anchor tie in, figure 8 hook-up, and look at the entire length of the rope to the bottom
A – Attitude: check the emotional state of the participant asking, “how are you doing?”
S – Stuff: Make sure participant has gloves and all loose clothing and equipment is secured
H – Harness: Physically double check the security and fit of the harness, check to see if they need a chest
harness.
H – Helmet: Helmet covers forehead, check snugness of helmet, tighten chin strap for security.
OIC Check
1. Final safety check on system and participant.
Commands
1. PARTICIPANTS MUST BE TIED INTO THE BELAY AS SOON AS THEY APPROACH THE
RAPPEL POINT ON THE TOWER. RAPPEL SAFETY OFFICER STATES TO BELAY
CONTROL OFFICER “LANE #X ON BELAY?” REPLIES WITH “LANE #X BELAY ON.”
Instruct Participant on Proper Rappel Technique – both hands in brake position, feet shoulder width apart, lean
into harness, keep perpendicular to wall, take small steps down the wall, when you get down walk backwards
toward baseball field.
1. Rappel Safety Officer states to Belay Control Officer “lane #X rappelling?” replies with “lane #X rappel
on.”
Belayer Control Officer
1. Keeps a locked off (braked) position and walks forward.
2. Officer focuses on rappeler and anticipates potential falls.
3. Will conduct a rescue if/when needed.
Rappel Safety Officer
1. Keep looking at the participant until they reach the ground.
2. Will conduct a rescue if/when needed.
3. Belay Control Officer will yell “off belay, off rappel” when rappeler reaches the ground.
4. Rappel Safety Officer will reply with “belay off, rappel off”.
5. Belay Control Officer will attach rappel gear (carabiners and figure 8) to belay line and yell “gear up” and
will pull gear up only when Rappel Safety Officer replies with “Send it.”
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
9
Appendix C – NMMI Rappel Tower and Equipment Inspection Checklist
Name and location of tower:
NMMI Rappel Tower, J.P. White Field
Owned by:
New Mexico Military Institute
Date of tower construction
July 2012
Inspector’s Name
Date of inspection
Name of group participating
Number in group participating
Weather conditions
Name, title, phone of local point of contact:
Kent Taylor, Director of Facilities (575) 624-8023
Major Eric Evertson, Challenge Complex Instructor, (575) 624-8139
Site Inspection Checklist
Yes
No
NA
Yes
No
NA
OIC has a cell phone
Water is available
First aid kit is stocked
Spineboard present
Vehicle / golf cart available
All ropes Inspected
All helmets inspected
All harnesses inspected
All hardware inspected
All gloves inspected
Does the tower appear to be structurally sound? Do structural support members appear to be free
from deterioration, breaks, or damage?
Are stairs or ladders firmly attached to the tower?
Are there any signs of insect infestation?
Are all areas marked in yellow that pose a potential trip hazard or head hazard?
Is the tower deck free of slip/trip hazards such as water, protruding nails/bolts/splinters, loose
equipment, etc?
Do the tower deck and stairway treads have a non-skid surface
Do all tower rope stations have primary and secondary anchor points?
Are all anchor points in serviceable condition and free of corrosion, sharp edges, burrs, or grooves
that could cut or damage ropes?
Is the rappel wall face area free of protruding nails, bolts, or splinters?
Is the landing area free of obstructions and hazards?
Does the landing area extend an uninterrupted distance of 15 feet from the tower base and at least
3 feet beyond the centerline of the rappel station with cushioning material in the event of a fall?
Is the landing area adequately cushioned in case of a fall providing 24 inches of non-compressed
wood chips, mulch, or sawdust; 12 inches of commercially produced shredded rubber?
Is there a positive locking device on the tower that denies unauthorized access to the tower?
Is there a prominently displayed warning sign that discourages unauthorized use of the tower ?
Are NO SMOKING signs posted at the tower?
Post Program
Trash Picked Up
All equipment issued was returned and stored properly
Facilitator time sheets completed
Injury Reports / Rescues Reviewed
Observations / Staff AAR / Notes / Lessons Learned – On back side
Reference: Form incorporates NMMI Facilities Department Rappel Tower Report, 2012
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
10
Appendix D – Memorandum, Matter of Record, Rappel Tower Safety Checklist
Highlights were added for easy identification or requirements directed by the Chief of Staff
MEMORANDUM
October 31, 2012
RE: Matter of Record, Rappel Tower Safety Checklist
By: D. West, Chief of Staff
Distribution: Commandant of Cadets, Deputy Commandant of Operations, Deputy Commandant of Support,
Director of Facilities
The NMMI Rappel tower is a 5-story facility consisting of metal shipping containers located on the east side of
campus in what is generally referred to as the J.P. White Field. The containers are connected with industry supplied
coupling units which have been modified to eliminate the opportunity to rotate and disconnect the containers, one
from another. The entire tower is mounted on an engineered fill and concrete base. The tower operations include a
dual-lane inclined rappel surface on the north face at approximately 10’ above the surface, a single-lane vertical wall
rappel surface on the east face at approximately 20’ above the surface and a dual-lane vertical rappel wall on the
south face at approximately 45’ above the surface. The all-metal structure is topped with an in-house designed
cover and railing.
A decision was made in 2009 to address the existing rappel tower located within the existing NMMI obstacle course
on the east side of the campus. No record of standards or testing existed for the all-wood structure although the
tower had been used for years as a rappel site. Upon request by NMMI, members of the New Mexico Army
National Guard, (NMARNG), inspected in June 2009, the tower for safety concerns resulting in a safety check sheet
and photos of the conditions. The overall outcome was a condemnation of the tower for several issues to include
safety issues associated with use as well as structural integrity.
NMMI set about to develop a new tower and attempted to discover a set tower specifications from U.S. Army,
Marines, or other Federal tower designs. What was discovered was the entities tended to hire out the design and
construction of the towers at great cost. Due to the process, no “standard” was discovered to duplicate at NMMI.
Having a relationship with the NMARNG, NMMI reviewed the facility in place at the NMARNG in Santa Fe, NM.
The NMARNG rappel tower consisted of a structure comprised of metal containers, stacked to 6 high. The
NMARNG facility actually consists of two towers, with a metal container connecting the two at the top. The crosscontainer provides an opportunity to practice free rappel. As in other cases, NMARNG had hired the design and
construction of the tower through a third party. NMMI was given the third-party name and they were contacted.
NMMI requested the party submit an estimate of the costs to design and construct just a single tower at NMMI. The
quote exceeded $300k. NMMI was budgeting $150k.
Understanding the primary rappel tower design was made of pre-existing metal containers and existing connection
devices, NMMI prepared to take on the design effort in-house. NMMI engaged a local Professional Engineer to
review the site preparations, soil conditions and base design requirements to allow the tower to withstand accepted
wind load standards. Additionally, the Engineer reviewed the industry-provided container connectors for ultimate
load versus expected wind load conditions. The PE signed-off on the design and verified the conditions under his
purview as the construction developed. The PE worked directly with the General Contractor on the project to
inspect each element before work continued.
Access to the tower is via ground-level container doors located on the west face of the tower. The entire tower stair
system is contained within the secure doors, thus removing the requirement for a security fence and allowing free
movement of ground operations during a rappel exercise.
Every design element to include stairs, rails, barriers, were designed with the latest code requirements to include
OSHA and ADA. Particular design elements such as the landing zones included rubberized material originally
intended to mimic the design of the NMARNG site in both depth and area.
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
11
The new rappel tower exceeded the old tower in every conceivable measure to include safety, design intent, weather
resistance, operational format, etc.
NMMI attempted to develop a safe-to-use certification through the NMARNG safety inspectors using the original
safety check sheet provided to condemn the old tower. NMARNG did send inspectors who had voiced additional
concerns which were not listed on the safety check sheets. NMMI asked the NMARNG to produce the particular,
industry-recognized, specification for the modifications. NMARNG as of this writing has yet to do so. In an effort
to accommodate the demands of the NMARNG, NMMI made several, and, in some cases, significant modifications
to the tower. After every NMARNG visit, there were more and different requests made to modify the tower before
the NMARNG certification would be given. Again, without any detail of source other than opinion.
NMMI reviewed the safety check list provided by NMARNG, which is simple in form and may be challenged for
completeness and clarity. NMMI embarked on an effort to find and understand particular elements of the safety
check list and to understand what safety checklist was used by the U.S. Army. What NMMI discovered was no less
than 4 additional checklist forms, none the same, used by various U.S. Army elements such as Cadet Command.
NMMI understood the intent of each version was to ensure the structural integrity of the structure, the safe
conditions thereof, and the annual review to be signed-off and kept within the responsible site element office; in
NMMI’s case, the Facilities Department.
One particular issue within the majority of the checklists is the reference to 29CFR1910.66, Appendix C (I)(c)(10),
Personal Fall Arrest System. Most of the checklists note the standard and require a static load test of 5,000lbs. A
review of the standard scope reveals, “This section establishes the application of and performance criteria for
personal fall arrest systems that are required for use by all employees using powered platforms under paragraph
1910.66(j).”
Obviously, we are not dealing with a powered platform. Secondly, the static load listed is assumed to represent
some measure beyond the dynamic load that will be encountered if a fall were to occur. Thirdly, the section
references a “fall arrest system” which comprises of more than the anchor point. For example, the ropes, d-rings,
etc. used in rappeling are required to be certified to withstand 5,000lb tensile load. This does not intend that all
ropes and d-rings have been tested to 5,000lb, but that the vendor has certified the design and some reasonable
number of units have been tested to this load limit. Additionally, testing to the proof load of each component may
place unnecessary stress resulting in a possible subsequent failure of the component.
NMMI consulted with several entities to clarify the terms of the reference and use of the specification. We
consulted the NMARNG, USA, Alpine Towers, and Fall Safety Engineers who all offered various recommendations
or none at all as to the methodology to accomplish the test. In fact, when asked, NMARNG was not and has not
ever produced a copy of the test which would be required for the tower located in Santa Fe.
NMMI developed a test procedure and dynamic load characteristics which can assume either a rappelers weight or
the height of the fall or both to evaluate the structural safety of the anchorage of the NMMI rappel tower. The test
procedure, outcome and analysis are on record with the NMMI Facilities Department.
In every consulting circumstance, NMMI found no single source of safety check-list, methodology or over-riding
expertise to inspect and recommend based on specifications rather than opinion. With regularity, NMMI was
handed “what we use” as a source of safety check sheet and told the entity of use, in this case NMMI, was
responsible for inspection and sign-off.
Therefore, NMMI has developed a standard procedure of annually inspecting the rappel tower to the NMMI Rappel
Tower Site Inspection Checklist and keeping a signed copy of the safety checklist at the NMMI Facilities
Department. In addition to the annual checklist, NMMI requires any official use of the tower to include a daily
inspection of the equipment, tower and site as per the NMMI Rappel Site and Equipment Checklist to be kept in a
Safety Checklist book at the Rappel tower.
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
12
Appendix E – Composite Risk Management Worksheet
COMPOSITE RISK MANAGEMENT WORKSHEET
For use of this form, see FM 5-19; the proponent agency is Cadet Command.
1. Organization and Unit Designation
2. Page
of
1
New Mexico Military Institute
3. Mission/Task
4. Begin Date
5. End Date
6. Date Prepared
Conduct Rappel Training
7. Operational Phase in which the Mission/Task will be conducted
Throughout training phase
8. Tasks
9. Identify Hazards
Rappelling
from a 50-ft
tower
1
30 April 2012
10. Initial
Risk Level
11. Develop Controls
12. Residual
Risk Level
13. Implement
Controls
14. Who/How Supervised
Inexperienced
participants
H
Instruct and demonstrate: (1)
Fundamentals of rappelling, (2)
How to properly appropriate
connection to life support systems,
(3) Safety requirements. Always
require use of helmets and gloves.
M
TC 21-24 Rappelling
Qualified Rappel Master
Rappel Master will
supervise
Equipment Heat
injury/dehydration
failure resulting in falls
H
Conduct a safety inspection of
tower and all rappelling equipment
prior to training exercise. Conduct
annual safety inspection of tower.
M
AR 385-10 Safety
Program DA Pam 385,
Unit Safety
Rappel Master will inspect
Heat
injury/dehydration
H
Monitor heat index, advise all to
drink sufficient volumes of water at
frequent intervals, carry canteen(s)
and know location of water points.
M
TB MED 507
Water Buffalo/jugs on
site. GTA 8-5-50
Cadre monitor weather &
heat index
Wildlife, insects, plants
L
Brief cadets to avoid wildlife,
insects, and plants. Use insect
repellant.
L
FM 21-10
GTAs based on area
Buddy system
15. Determine Overall Mission/Task Risk Level After Countermeasures are Implemented
16. Medical Support: First-Aid Responder on site / NMMI Infirmary
17. Prepared by: (Rank, Last Name, Duty Position)
MODERATE (M)
18. Reviewed by Action Officer/Commander: (Rank, Last Name, Duty Position)
Major Eric Evertson, Manager Yates Leadership Challenge/Instructor
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
Army Safety Officer, NMMI
Safety Officer
13
Appendix F – Rappel Tower Emergency Procedures
Rappel Tower
Emergency Procedures
A copy of this emergency procedure is posted in a prominent location in at the Rappel Tower.
Minor Injuries
● Splinters, Scratches or
Scrapes
● Bruises or Contusions



Life Threatening Emergencies
● Broken Bones (compound
● Diabetic Emergency
● Extreme Allergic Reaction
(anaphylactic shock)
● Head, Neck or Back Injuries
● Heart Attack
Survey the situation. Do not panic, the OIC will instruct all
participants at the Rappel Tower at this time.
Treat injury/illness as needed. Remember to treat/address each of the A, B, C’s in order or
simultaneously if possible. Be sure the accurately record the exact treatment a patient is given on
the Incident Sheet.
A. = Airway

Major Injuries
● Bloody nose (caused
by impact)
● Sprained Ankle
● Broken Bones
(simple)
B. = Breathing
C. Circulation (includes severe bleeding and shock)
After providing the immediate care needed to stabilize the situation, decide if you need to
transport/evacuate the patient or have emergency medical personnel contacted to come to the
Rappel Tower.
ASSUME WORST CASE CONDITION
A. If they are unconscious even for a few seconds Call 911
MINOR INJURY – Stable condition and CAN be transported
 If the patient is in a stable condition and can be transported, or get themselves out the infirmary
then the facilitator will accompany them to the infirmary.
MAJOR INJURY – Stable condition and CANNOT be transported
 If patient is stable and/or cannot be transported then the OIC will call the Infirmary indicating:
A. Condition of Participant


B. Name of Student
C. Mechanism of injury
The infirmary will make the decision as to have the Commandant’s Staff transport injured person
or to Call 911.
If it is indicated that NMMI will transport the injured person the Commandant’s Staff will bring a
golf cart or van to the Rappel Tower while the staff cares for the patient.
LIFE THREATENIGN INJURIES – UNSTABLE condition
 If patient is not stable and/or cannot be transported then the OIC will get help immediately! The
manager will call 911, and will contact the Campus Police and while the staff cares for the
patient.
 The Campus Police will immediately contact the Infirmary, the Commandant’s Staff and the
Public Information Officer (PIO).
 The OIC will designate someone to meet EMS at the entrance of the Rappel Tower and lead EMS
to the accident site. The injured person’s Medical Form should be given to EMS personnel.
 The NMMI Public Information Officer (PIO) will be notified as soon as possible of the incident
and will report to the scene to facilitate the flow of information and control media access to the
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
- 14 -
area. The OIC will brief the PIO about the facts of the incident as known at the time: who, what,
when, where.
Phone Numbers:
 Campus Police – 624-8421
 Infirmary – 624-8235
 Commandant’s Office – 624-8400
 D.C.O. – (w) 624-8405
 D.C.S. – (w) 624-8404 / c. 626-8682
 Public Information Officer (PIO) – (o) 624-8011 (c) 317-2603
 Councilor – 624-8213
When calling 911 for assistance, provide the following information:
A. WHO (you) – Identify yourself and your affiliation.
B. WHAT YOU NEED – Explain that there has been an accident and help is needed. Indicate
whether an ambulance is needed.
C. WHERE – Identify the location of the incident
D. WHO (other) - Describe the age and weight of the victim.
E. WHAT – Explain what happened and when. Describe the height of the fall, or other pertinent
information relating to the mechanism of injury.
F. HOW – Tell how many persons need help and a brief summary of their situations.
G. Explain what is being done for the victim.
H. Do not hang up until instructed to do so.
On Site Management
 Facilitators are to survey the situation, making sure that no one else is in danger. Do not allow
the stress of the situation to compound the emergency.
 Administer first aid and CPR as needed, treat for shock. Render first aid treatment for which
you are qualified. Perform only what is necessary to maintain or improve the condition of the
person.
 With injuries to the vertebral column or head do not move the injured person, immediately
provide mechanical stabilization, first by holding the head in position, and then applying a
cervical collar. If needed provide basic life support (CPR). DO NOT ATTEMPT TO MOVE
THE VICTIM.
 Allow the EMS to move the body.
 Using the Incident Report, keep a log of the injured person’s condition, be as descriptive as
possible – explain what happened, describe how many people were involved, identify the
mechanism of injury. Get names of eyewitnesses and ask each of them independently to write
down their account of the events. Starting at the time of the accident keeping an accurate
record of treatment given to the injured person.
 Manager should monitor the radio for effective on post communication. No names may be
given over the radio.
A. Commandant’s and Campus Police’s Channel is 3
B. Infirmary’s Channel is 7
Post Incident Management
 The Campus Police may want to make a careful investigation of the site, the manager may
check with them first. If an investigation is deemed appropriate
A. Do not disturb the area immediately surrounding the body. The Manager may ropes off
the area.
B. Leave all systems and elements as they were at the time of the accident.

Incident Report are to be completed, making an accurate and detailed written record of the
incident including names, addresses, and phone numbers of eyewitnesses. Have every
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
- 15 -


eyewitness immediately write a narrative report describing the specifics of the accident. Be
sure that each person signs and dates the report.
Facilitators are not to talk about the incident outside of the Rappel Tower Site. If/When you
say something to another person, state ONLY the facts that you know.
The NMMI PIO and Counselor will assist the OIC in keeping the rest of the group informed
about the incident until the group can be released.
CELL PHONE POLICY
It is possible that both participants and facilitators to have cell phones on them. Personal/Student
cell phones may not be used during the emergency unless required for emergency use by Staff.
MEDIA AND RELEASE OF INFORMATION (including during the incident and afterward)
 NMMI personnel at the scene will not provide any information about the incident or the
involved parties unless cleared to do so by the NMMI Public Information Officer.
 The NMMI PIO will respond to all media requests for information and to requests from off
campus sources.
 The NMMI PIO will control media access to emergency personnel and to NMMI officials at
the scene, and clear all requests for interviews of NMMI personnel.
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
- 16 -
Appendix G – Rappel Tower Rope Log
NMMI RAPPEL TOWER ROPE
(USAGE AND HISTORY)
ID MARKING
LOG
For use of this form, see FM 3-97.61; the proponent agency is TRADOC.
DATE OF MFR
ISSUE DATE
DATE IN SERVICE
LENGTH
DIAMETER
FIBER
COLOR
CONSTRUCTION
RETIRE AFTER 1000 PARTICIPANTS, 3YRS OR 2000 HOURS.
INSPECT ROPE FOR DAMAGE OR EXCESSIVE WEAR EACH TIME IT IS
DEPLOYED AND AGAIN AFTER EACH USE. IMMEDIATELY RETIRE ALL
SUSPECT ROPES.
DATE
USED
TYPE OF USE
HOURS
USED
#
PARTICIPANTS
INSPECTOR'S
INITIAL
ROPE CONDITION
AND COMMENTS
TOTALS
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
- 17 -
DA FORM 5752-R, MAY 89
Sample Rope Log from TC 21-24
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
- 18 -
Appendix H – Rappel Tower Incident Report
Rappel Tower: Incident Report
Minor
Major
Hurry
For Internal Use Only – To Be Completed by Course Staff Only
ON Site treatment
OFF Site treatment
COMPLETE ALL SECTIONS OF THIS FORM WITH SPECIFIC FACTS ONLY
To be filled out whenever
● An individual receives medical attention
● A medical problem has had a significant effect on an individual’s participation
●An incidents occurs that does not result in injury, but reveals a potential safety problem (a “close call”)
Staff Member Supervising the Activity (Full Name) _________________________________________ ABT#
_______________________
Date of incident
Weather (circle)
Time of Incident
Light/ Wind
Sunny
Overcast
Rain
Strong Wind
Hail
Other
Foggy
_______________________
(If more than one person was involved, attach additional forms with complete information)
Person Type (circle): Visitor – Participant – Facilitator
Name
Address
Age
Sex
Person’s Build (est.):
City
State
Zip Code
Approximate Weight:
Phone Number
Approximate Height:
___________
Full Name(s) and Phone Numbers of Witnesses:
1. Activity/Event Involved:
Type of Clothing:
2a. Medical Evacuation
3.
Injury
Illness
No
YesMethod:
 2b. Name of Medical Facility:
Other:
4. Was EMS Called?
No
Suspected Injury or Illness (circle)
Yes 
Check Airway
5. Time notified:
Check Breathing
6. Time responded:
Check Circulation
7. Was participant advised to see further medical treatment?
No
8. Was the participant advised to discontinue further participation?
9. Did participant refuse care?
10a. Is there pain?
No
_________________________
No
Yes 
Yes 
Abrasion
Allergy
Burn
Concussion
Contusion
Fatigue
Laceration
Heat Injury
Sprain
Strain
Hypothermia
Infection
Puncture
Hyperthermia
Altitude Sickness
Yes
No
Yes
Splinter
Other: ______________________________
I am over 18 y/o & voluntarily refuse care (sig. )
10b. On a scale that ranges from 1-10 with 10 being the most pain… what is the severity?
11. Pertinent medical information or any pre-existing condition (check medical forms):
…Location of pain?
12. Describe any first-aid treatment given, who administered it and when:
13. Description of incident:
14. Contributing factors(if any):
15. Describe the participant’s/ participants’ previous level/s of participation (behavior and attitude):
16. List any behaviors that could have prevented incident:
Report was prepared by
(Printed Name)
Report was prepared by
(Signature)
Date
Manager’s
Printed Name
Manager’s Signature
Date
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
- 19 -
Appendix I – SKILL EVALUATION TOOL (S.E.T.) – RAPPEL SAFETY OFFICER /
BELAY SAFETY OFFICER
KEY
√ Pass
– Needs Improvement
MEETS FULLY MEETS MASTERY
ROPE & EQUIPMENT USE S.E.T.
NAME _____________________________________
ACTION
ROPE PROPERTIES
● What is Kernmantle Rope?
● What are the differences between static and dynamic ropes?
KNOTS
●Fig. 8 on-a-bight properly tied, dressed, and set
AUTOFAIL
●Bowline on-a-bight properly tied, dressed, and set
AUTOFAIL
●Double Overhand properly tied, dressed, and set
AUTOFAIL
STORING ROPE
●Do you store a rope with knots?
●Demonstrate how you would store a rope (butterfly coil)
AUTOFAIL
GENERAL ROPE CARE
●Do you ever intentionally walk on ropes?
AUTOFAIL
●Do you ever intentionally drag ropes?
AUTOFAIL
●Do you ever intentionally place them near sources of heat?
AUTOFAIL
●Do you ever intentionally place ropes over sharp objects?
AUTOFAIL
●Do you ever store a rope with knots still tied?
AUTOFAIL
●What do you do if puffs of white fiber are observed at any
AUTOFAIL
point on the rope?
●What do oils, spirits, gasoline, lacquers, thinners do to
AUTOFAIL
ropes?
●What will eventually happen if a rope has prolonged
AUTOFAIL
exposure to ultra-violet rays?
EXAMINING THE ROPE
●What do you do if the rope is uncoiled and wet?
●What do you do if a rope has held a fall more severe that that associated
with normal belaying of the high-course elements or passes over a sharp
edge?
●How often do you examine a rope?
●What criteria are you looking for when visually examining a rope: cuts and
abrasions and puffs of fiber, lumps, dirt, or other foreign substances?
●What criteria are you looking for when tactilely examining a rope: soft or
hard spots, fused areas that are smooth or slick?
●What color is marked at the end of the rope to indicate that it has been
retired?
●Demonstrate how you would inspect a rope?
AUTOFAIL
ROPE LOGS
●How often do you fill out rope logs
RISM MANAGEMENT
● Double checks all knots used even and checks others
●Makes effort to ensure that all knots used on the course are tied correctly
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
20
Appendix J – SKILL EVALUATION TOOL (S.E.T.) – RAPPEL SAFETY OFFICER /
BELAY SAFETY OFFICER
KEY
√ Pass
– Needs Improvement
MEETS FULLY MEETS MASTERY
BELAYING S.E.T.
NAME _____________________________________
ACTION
SYSTEM SET-UP
●Rope/s are untangled and correctly oriented to climber and belayer
CHECKS
●All harnesses fits snugly on waist and around legs
AUTOFAIL
●Belayer goes through C.R.A.S.H. on self and states it to participants
AUTOFAIL
●Figure-8-on-a-bight knot with backup knot is tied, dressed, and set
AUTOFAIL
●Correctly fed belay device
AUTOFAIL
●Belay device is attached to harness correctly with carabiner; rope is correctly
AUTOFAIL
threaded
●Carabiner is secured, locked and to front of harness
AUTOFAIL
●Belayer organizes an appropriate belay team
●Belayer is in an appropriate spotting stance
●Belayer brake hand is checked
CALLS
●Appropriate Belay Verbal Commands are exchanged
AUTOFAIL
●“Lane #X On belay?” (Rappel Officer)
●Facilitator is knowledgeable in the use of
courtesy commands
●“Lane #X Belay On” (belayer)
●“Land #X Rappeling?” (Rappel Officer)
●“Lane #X Rappel On” (belayer)
BELAYING RAPPEL TOWER
●Ropes are never parallel (pull, lock, slide method)
●Brake hand never leaves rope
●Brake hand is locked off when not taking in rope; there is adequate space between brake
hand and belay device
●Demonstrates regular return to the brake position
●Demonstrates correct braking maneuver, angle is over 90° from device
●Uses small short strokes; Take-up of rope is fluid; Giving of slack is fluid; Hand is kept away from
braking device
●Take-up of rope is timely and rope is relatively taught on climber
●Belayer is responsive and attentive to climbers needs, including the awareness of pendulum
swings
●Communication with climber is clear / Including coaching
●Belayer manages belay team appropriately
LOWERING
●Belayer takes in slack and puts both hands on brake rope before lowering participant
●Lowering is smooth and controlled, sliding with a hand-in-hand motion
AUTOFAIL
●Facilitator coaches climber as they WALK down; Ground calls are given: “Belay Off”, “Off Belay”
OVERALL
●All climbing equipment will be used in accordance to manufacturers’ recommended
AUTOFAIL
use
●Demonstrates understanding of Top-Rope System
AUTOFAIL
●Demonstrates attitude of safety awareness
AUTOFAIL
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
21
Appendix K – SKILL EVALUATION TOOL (S.E.T.) – RAPPEL SAFETY OFFICER
KEY
RAPPEL S.E.T.
√ Pass
– Needs Improvement
MEETS FULLY MEETS
MASTERY
NAME _____________________________________
ACTION
PRE-REQUSITE – LEVEL I COMPLETION
● “Fully Meets” all Technical Rappel SET guidelines consistently
PARTICIPANT EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT OF READINESS
● Facilitator is able to determine readiness of participant to learn belay and related
safety skills. (Hershey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Model)
SYSTEM SET-UP
●Can lock off with Resue-8
●Belay rope is untangled and correctly oriented to climber and belayer
●Can fit individuals with special issues including knowledge of when to
utilize the chest harness
● Rappel Rope is untangled and is correctly tied at the bottom
AUTOFAIL
CHECKS
●All harnesses fits snugly on waist and around legs
AUTOFAIL
●Belayer goes through C.R.A.S.H. Safety with participants
AUTOFAIL
●All belay techniques are implemented correctly
AUTOFAIL
●Participants must be tied into the belay as soon as they approach the rappel point on the
tower
●They will remain clipped into the safety line until the belay rope has been secured and the
rappeller is on the bottom belay
●The figure 8 rappel device is properly fed through
AUTOFAIL
●Check that the belayer performing the Fireman’s Belay is positioned and ready
CALLS
●Exchange the correct verbal signals with the belayer
AUTOFAIL
●“Lane #X On belay” (climber)
●“Lane #X Belay On” (belayer)
●“Lane #X On rappel” (climber to below)
●“Lane #X Rappel On” (Fireman’s belayer)
RAPPELLING
●The facilitator instructs the participant in how to rappel
AUTOFAIL
●Keeps the guide hand in position on the rope above the belay device, and the brake hand
on the rope alongside and behind the hip
●Back up to the edge and position the feet shoulder width apart
●Legs perpendicular to the wall with knees slightly bent, lean back and place body weight
on rappel rope. The correct position is similar to sitting in a lawn chair
●Take small steps and walk backward down the face, slowly releasing rope through the
rappel device
●Another facilitator disconnects the rappel device from the belay ropes
AUTOFAIL
OVERALL
●All climbing equipment will be used in accordance to manufacturers’
AUTOFAIL
recommended use
●Demonstrates understanding of rappel system
AUTOFAIL
●Demonstrates attitude of safety awareness
AUTOFAIL
RESCUE
●Can perform rescue of participant in distress on rappel.
AUTOFAIL
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
22
Appendix L – Rappel Tower Set-Up
Primary Rappel Line anchor set-up on
top deck of tower.
Set-up of Top Belay system with
Belay Control Officer/s
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
23
Rappel Safety Officer has rappeler
approach and place hands on rails
(photo below).
Rappeler states which hand is his
brake hand.
Rappel Safety Officer orients the
rappel and belay line according to
the participant’s brake hand
Right Hand Brake Hand
- Belay line is on left side
- Rappel line is on right side
Left Hand Brake Hand
- Belay line is on right
- Rappel line is on left side
Rappel Safety Officer (Red
Helmet) connects participant to
a belay as soon as they
approach.
Rappel Safety Officer attaches
the rescue-8 according to the
primary rappel line according to
the side of Rappeller’s brake
hand.
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
24
Rappel Safety Officer checks the rappel system.
Rappel Safety Officer checks the belay system.
Rappel Control Officer connects the belay to the
rappeller.
Rappel Safety Officer checks the participant by
verbally going over C.R.AS.H.H.
C – Connections/Carabiners: take out extra
slack in the rappel device, check gate
for closure.
R – Rope: evaluate anchor tie in, figure 8
hook-up, and look at the entire length of
the rope to the bottom
A – Attitude: check the emotional state of the
participant asking, “how are you
doing?”
S – Stuff: Make sure participant has gloves
and all loose clothing and equipment is
secured
H – Harness: Physically double check the
security and fit of the harness, check to
see if they need a chest harness.
H – Helmet: Helmet covers forehead, check
snugness of helmet, tighten chin strap
for security.
Example:
For this left-handed participant
- the rappel line is on the left side
- the belay line is on the right side
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
25
Rappel Safety Officer states to
Belay Control Officer “lane #X
on belay?”
Belay Control Officer replies
with “lane #X belay on.”
Rappel Control Officer will
instruct the rappller to move to
the other side of the rail by
going under the railing.
OIC Final safety check on
system and participant.
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
26
Rappel Safety Officer instructs participant on
proper rappel technique
- Both hands in brake position, feet shoulder
width apart, lean into harness, keep
perpendicular to wall, take small steps down
the wall, when you get down walk backwards
toward baseball field.
- As the rappler moves toward the edge the
Rappel Safety Officer states to Belay Control
Officer “lane #X rappelling?” replies with “lane
#X rappel on.”
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
27
Belay Control Officer
1. Belayer Control Officer keeps a locked
off (braked) position and walks
forward.
2. Officer focuses on rappeler and
anticipates potential falls.
3. Belayer Control Officer conducts a
rescue if/when needed.
Rappel Safety Officer
1. Keep looking at the participant until
they reach the ground.
2. Will conduct a rescue if/when
needed.
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
28
Rappel Safety Officer
1. Belay Control Officer will yell “off
belay, off rappel” when rappeler
reaches the ground.
2. Rappel Safety Officer will reply with
“belay off, rappel off”.
3. Belay Control Officer will attach rappel
gear (carabiners and figure 8) to belay
line and yell “gear up” and will pull
gear up only when Rappel Safety
Officer replies with “Send it.”
Standard Operating Procedures for the Rappel Tower at New Mexico Military Institute
29