Name
Date
CHAPTER 12
Vocabulary • Ratios and Proportions
151
Complete each sentence using a word or words from the box.
ratio
proportion
scale
rate
multiple unit pricing
scale drawing
1. A
is a statement that two ratios are equal.
2. A ratio that compares the size of a drawing with the size of the original drawing
is called a
.
3. The
is a comparison of two amounts with different
units of measure.
4. A picture that shows the proportional size of actual objects is called the
.
5. The cost of a set of items is called
6. A
.
is a comparison of one amount with another.
Use the numbers in the box to answer the following questions.
5 miles/gallon
2 pages/6 pages
1 inch/5 miles
1 3
3 9
7. Which is an example of a rate?
8. Which is an example of a scale?
9. Which is an example of a proportion?
10. Which is an example of a ratio?
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Chapter 12 • Resources
151
Name
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CHAPTER 12
152
Review • Ratio and Proportion
Lessons 12.1–12.2
A ratio compares two quantities. The order of numbers in a ratio is important.
Write the ratio of triangles to total shapes.
3
6
1
2
There are 3 triangles and 6 shapes.
Ratios can be written in lowest terms.
or
3:6
or
3 to 6
or
1:2
or
1 to 2
Write each ratio with a ratio sign and as a fraction in
lowest terms.
1. vowels to total number of
letters in the word HOMEWORK
2. total number of letters to
vowels in the word DOWNSTAIRS
3. vowels to the total number of
letters in the word DINOSAUR
4. total number of letters to
vowels in the word CLASSROOM
Two ratios form a proportion when the cross products are equal.
Write a ratio of the shaded parts to all parts for each circle. Do the ratios
form a proportion?
–2–
6
–1–
3
2
1
6
3
236
616
6 6 ✓ Yes
Decide if each pair of ratios forms a proportion. Write Yes or No.
2
5. 3
4
6
1
6. 8
5
13
4
7. 5
16
20
3
8. 4
12
20
3
9. 5
9
15
15
10. 12
5
4
152
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CHAPTER 12
153
Review • Solving Proportions
Lesson 12.3
Use the cross product to find the missing number in a proportion.
Find the missing number in the proportion.
Find a cross product.
Divide by the other number.
Check.
5 10
7
?
7 10 70
705 14
7 10 5 14
70 70 ✓
The missing number in the proportion is 14.
Find the missing number in each proportion. Check your work.
?
1
1. 2 30
?
3
2. 7 42
?
5
3. 8 56
4 28
4. 5
?
7
35
5. 12
?
9
72
6. 10
?
?
8
7. 81 9
?
7
8. 7 49
? 27
9. 5 45
56 7
10. ?
8
12 6
11. ?
7
2 18
12. ? 63
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Chapter 12 • Resources
153
Name
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CHAPTER 12
Review • Multiple Unit Pricing
154
Lesson 12.4
You can use a proportion to find prices, or how many items you can buy.
Vegetable soup costs $1.25 for 2 cans. How many cans can you
buy for $3.75?
$1.25
$3.75
Set up a proportion and solve.
2 cans ? cans
3.75 2 7.50
7.50 1.25 6 cans
You can buy 6 cans of vegetable soup for $3.75.
Solve each problem using a proportion. Show and check your work.
1. If 4 shirts sell for $21, how much do 2 shirts cost?
2. Three yards of fabric costs $5. How much will 7 yards of
fabric cost?
3. Steak is on sale for $4 per pound. How many pounds
of steak can you buy for $14?
4. Five pairs of socks sell for $3.25. How much do 2 pairs of
socks cost?
5. Marta made a 22-minute long-distance phone call. Long-distance
phone calls cost $.58 for 5 minutes. How much did Marta’s
phone call cost?
6. Four boxes of cereal cost $7. How much do 3 boxes of
cereal cost?
7. A pound of candy costs $.70. How many pounds of candy can
you buy for $5.25?
154
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CHAPTER 12
155
Practice • Scale Drawings
Lesson 12.5
Clothing Store
3 inches
Checkout Area
1
1–2– inches
Customer Service Area
–1– inch
2
Scale: 1 inch 12 feet
2 inches
Use the scale drawing of a Clothing Store above to find the actual
sizes. Remember that length is the longer wall and width is the
shorter wall.
1. width of checkout area
2. length of checkout area
3. length of customer service area
4. width of customer service area
Kenneth is making a scale drawing of rooms in his school.
The scale is 1 inch equals 10 feet. Find each distance.
5. scale length of the lunchroom: 7 inches
actual length:
6. scale length of math classroom:
3 inches
actual length:
7. actual length of hall: 90 feet
scale length:
8. actual length of auditorium: 210 feet
scale length:
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Chapter 12 • Resources
155
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Practice • Problem Solving:
Using Proportions
CHAPTER 12
156
Lesson 12.6
Solve each problem. Use a proportion. Show and check your work.
1. A train travels 640 miles in 8 hours. How far will it travel
in 11 hours?
2. A recipe calls for 3 cups of flour for 2 loaves of pumpkin bread.
How many cups of flour are needed for 3 loaves of pumpkin
bread?
3. A recipe makes 5 servings with 22 ounces of tomatoes. How
many servings can be made with 55 ounces of tomatoes?
4. A car uses 6 gallons of gasoline to travel 150 miles. How many
gallons will be used to travel 225 miles?
5. A printer prints 360 pages in 3 minutes. How long will it take
to print 660 pages?
6. For every 15 times at bat, Marco makes 4 hits. Last season,
Marco made 24 hits. How many times was he at bat?
7. Apples are on sale at $1.25 for 3 pounds. At this rate, how many
pounds can Chris buy for $5?
8. Two pounds of ground beef serves 5 people. How many people
will 8 pounds of ground beef serve?
156
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CHAPTER 12
157
On-The-Job Math • Courier
Lesson 12.5
Courier’s
Office
4 inches
inch
es
Fitton Art
Museum
–3
4– in
4
s
he
inc
1 ––3
1–
1
hes
2––2 inc
Carpet Cleaners
1– 4
es
ch
n
i
1–
1– 2
3 inc
hes
ch
CD Corner
es
ch
Pita Palace
3– in
2–4
1
4––4
es
inch
Pediatrics
Associates
–1–
2
inch 1 mile
Use the scale from the map to find the distances Natasha needs to
ride to deliver packages.
1. Natasha delivers the first package to CD Corner. How far will she
ride from the Courier’s Office?
2. The next package is delivered to Carpet Cleaners. How far will
Natasha ride from CD Corner?
3. From Carpet Cleaners, Natasha rides to Pediatrics Associates for a
delivery. How far will she ride?
4. From Pediatrics Associates, Natasha rides to the Pita Palace for
lunch. Then she rides to the Fitton Art Museum. How far will
she ride?
5. From the Fitton Art Museum, Natasha goes back to the Courier’s
Office. How far did Natasha travel on this day?
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Chapter 12 • Resources
157
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CHAPTER 12
158
Challenge • Drawing Plans
Lesson 12.5
Julio wants to remodel his home. First, he measured the rooms.
Then he sketched the floorplan shown below.
16 ft
18 ft
14 ft
Living room
Kitchen
4 ft
10 ft
Hall
Bedroom 1
Bedroom 2
6 ft
12 ft
16 ft
10 ft
Bath
10 ft
10 ft
Now Julio needs to make a scale drawing of the floor plan on grid
paper. Help Julio make an accurate scale drawing. Use the scale of
1 box 2 feet to redraw the floorplan. Label each room. Then
label the length and width of each room on the scale drawing.
158
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CHAPTER 12
Chapter 12 Test A • Ratios and Proportions 159
Write each ratio using a ratio sign and a fraction.
1. total letters to vowels in COMPUTER
2. vowels to total letters in AUTOMOBILE
Decide if each pair of ratios forms a proportion. Write Yes or No.
15
3. 20
4
6
4
4. 5
36
45
3
5. 4
13
6. 26
9
18
2
7. 3
15
21
33
8. 44
18
20
12
16
Find the missing number in each proportion.
12 2
9. 30 ?
7
1
12. 63 ?
5
?
10. 16 48
30 15
11. ?
16
?
4
13. 27 9
15 ?
14. 24 8
Solve each problem. Use a proportion.
15. If 6 cans cost $3, how much will 24 cans cost?
16. Pens cost 5 for $2. How many pens can you buy with $8?
17. You saved $13 in the past 3 weeks. At the same rate, how
much will you save in 12 weeks?
18. Jack packs 32 cartons of cans in 2 hours. At the same rate, how
many cartons can he pack in 7 hours?
19. There are 18 people in 3 vans. How many vans are needed
for 30 people?
20. A line on a map is 6 inches long. The scale on the map is
1 inch 7 miles. How many miles does this line represent?
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Chapter 12 • Resources
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CHAPTER 12
Chapter 12 Test B • Ratios and Proportions 160
Write each ratio using a ratio sign and a fraction.
1. all letters to all vowels in TELEVISION
2. all vowels to all letters in QUARTERBACK
Decide if each pair of ratios forms a proportion. Write Yes or No.
2
3. 3
9
12
10
4. 15
4
6
1
5. 6
18
6. 42
3
7
9
7. 24
18
48
6
8. 12
8
64
6
14
Find the missing number in each proportion.
5
1
9. ? 25
?
5
10. 7 42
5
3
11. ? 20
?
5
12. 18 10
4 16
13. 5
?
?
8
14. 9 45
Solve each problem. Use a proportion.
15. Tanya reads 90 pages in 3 nights. At the same rate, how many
pages can she read in 7 nights?
16. Three bars of soap cost $5. How many bars can you buy for $15?
17. The cleaning service washes 6 windows in 50 minutes. At the
same rate, how many windows can be washed in 125 minutes?
18. A recipe calls for 2 cups of flour for 6 muffins. How many muffins
can be made from 5 cups of flour?
19. Exactly 86 beads are needed to make 2 necklaces. How many
necklaces can be made from 215 beads?
20. A line on a map is 5 inches long. The scale on the map is
1 inch 3 miles. How many miles does this line represent?
160
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Answer Key
UNIT 3 OTHER TYPES OF NUMBERS
Chapter 12 Ratios and Proportions
151 Vocabulary • Ratios and Proportions
1. proportion 2. scale 3. rate 4. scale drawing
5. multiple unit pricing 6. ratio 7. 5 miles/gallon
1 3
8. 1 inch/5 miles 9. 10. 2 pages/6 pages
3 9
152 Review • Ratio and Proportion
3
10
1. 3:8; 2. 10:3; 3. 1:2;
8
3
6. No 7. Yes 8. No 9. Yes
1
3
4. 3:1; 5 Yes
2
1
10. Yes
153 Review • Solving Proportions
159 Chapter 12 Test A • Ratios and
Proportions
8
3
1. 8:3; 3 2. 3:5; 5 3. No 4. Yes 5. No 6. Yes
7. No 8. Yes 9. 5 10. 15 11. 32 12. 9 13. 12
14. 5 15. $12 16. 20 pens 17. $52 18. 112
cartons 19. 5 vans 20. 42 miles
160 Chapter 12 Test B • Ratios and
Proportions
2
4
1. 2:1; 2. 4:11; 3. No 4. Yes 5. No 6. Yes
1
11
7. Yes 8. No 9. 5 10. 30 11. 12 12. 9 13. 20
14. 40 15. 210 pages 16. 9 soaps 17. 15 windows
18. 15 muffins 19. 5 necklaces 20. 15 miles
1. 15 2. 18 3. 35 4. 35 5. 60 6. 80 7. 72 8. 1
9. 3 10. 64 11. 14 12. 7
154 Review • Multiple Unit Pricing
1
1. $10.50 2. $11.67 3. 3 pounds 4. $1.30
2
1
5. $2.55 6. $5.25 7. 7 pounds
2
155 Practice • Scale Drawings
1. 18 feet 2. 36 feet 3. 24 feet 4. 6 feet 5. 70 feet
6. 30 feet 7. 9 inches 8. 21 inches
156 Practice • Problem Solving:
Using Proportions
1. 880 miles 2. 4.5 cups of flour 3. 12.5 servings
4. 9 gallons 5. 5.5 minutes 6. 90 times at bat
7. 12 pounds 8. 20 servings
157 On-The-Job Math • Courier
1
1. 8 miles 2. 6 miles 3. 5 miles 4. 10 miles
2
5. 30 miles
158 Challenge • Drawing Plans
16 ft
10 ft
18 ft
14 ft
Living room
Kitchen
4 ft Hall
Bedroom 1
Bedroom 2
6 ft
12 ft
16 ft
10 ft
Bath
10 ft
10 ft
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Answer Key