Name: ____________________________
Class Period: _____________
Unit 5 Review Packet
This review packet serves as an opportunity for students to prepare for the Unit 5 Test scheduled for Wednesday,
November 30th. Packets must be turned in no later than November 30th to receive a grade for the completed packet.
Students may choose to replace their Unit 5 Test grade with their packet grade if it is the higher of the two. Students
should use their class notes and teacher webpages for help completing the review.
The First 5 Presidents of the United States
Fill in the blanks in each paragraph to create a review sheet for each of the First 5 Presidents.
1. George Washington (1789 – 1797)
Throughout his life, George Washington always put the well-being of his ____________________ ahead of his own
personal well-being. When Washington was unanimously elected as the first _______________ of the United States, he
left his home and family behind and traveled to New York City, which at that time was the _________________ of the
United States. As the first President, Washington had to create many parts of the government. He appointed a group of
advisors called a ________________ and also created the federal court system when he signed the
_________________ Act. Washington showed great restraint by not seeking a third ___________ as President even
though many people wanted him to. In his Farewell Address, Washington advised Americans not to form political
_____________ which he feared would threaten the unity of the country. Washington also urged the United States to
remain _______________ and stay out of conflicts with foreign powers.
2. John Adams (1797 – 1801)
Our second President, John Adams, was the only President who was a member of the _________________ Party which
believed in a strong federal government. As President, Adams faced the difficult task of keeping the United States
________________ in the war between Great ______________ and _______________. The French Navy was seizing
American trading ____________ engaged in the practice of ___________________ where they abducted American
sailors and forced them to join the French Navy. When Adams sent diplomats to make a treaty with France, the French
demanded ___________________ in an event that was called the ________ Affair but still Adams kept the United
States out of a destructive ______ with France. Adams lost the 1800 election after he signed the Alien and
__________________ Acts which made it illegal to __________________ the government.
3. Thomas Jefferson (1801 – 1809)
When Thomas Jefferson was elected President, he first had to deal with the Federalist ______________ appointed by
John Adams during the last days of his Presidency. This issue eventually led to the decision of ______________ v.
Madison which established the principle of _________________ Review. President Jefferson’s greatest accomplishment
came when he purchased the ______________________ from the ______________ in ________. This incredible land
deal _______________ the size of the United States. One of Jefferson’s worst decisions was the ________________ Act
in 1807 which severely hurt American trade and lowered American ______________ and exports while doing little to
hurt Britain or France.
4. James Madison (1809 – 1817)
When James Madison was elected as our 4th President, the British had begun the __________________ of American
sailors just as the French Navy had earlier. This led to the beginning of the War of ______. During the war, British ships
cut off American trade with a _____________ of American ports. This forced the United States to develop more
____________________ at home. Although the war ended in a draw, the United States established itself as a strong
and _______________ nation that could defend itself.
5. James Monroe (1817 – 1825)
The end of the war with Britain created a sense of national unity that came to be called the Era of Good
___________________. The new President, James Monroe oversaw a time of peace and prosperity that saw the
country gain the territory of ________________ from Spain. Near the end of his Presidency, Monroe declared that the
United States would not allow ___________________ to interfere in ___________ America or anywhere else in the
Western ___________________. Though it was actually written by John Quincy Adams, this policy came to be called
the Monroe ________________.

Provide examples in the matrix below of policies and actions that leaders took to address the challenges faced
by the new republic. Include with each example whose leadership it was under.
Challenges Facing the New Republic
Actions Taken to Address the Challenge
National Security
Territorial Expansion
National Court System
 What actions could be added to this list? Include an explanation of why the action could be added.

In the space below, write a dialogue between Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) and Alexander
Hamilton (Federalist) in which they express their views on government and economic development in the United
States in the early nineteenth century. The dialogue should include details about the vision each of these leaders
had for the newly created United States. Please staple the dialogue to the back of this packet before turning in.
Marbury v. Madison
After John Adams was defeated by Thomas Jefferson he tried to pack the judicial branch with Federalist minded
judges. These are called the “midnight appointments”. Since everything moved at a much slower pace in 1801, not
every judge received the official appointment letter from the White House. Some of the appointments were left on
the desk of the Secretary of State. When Jefferson took office he instructed his Secretary of State, James Madison
(spoiler alert, he will succeed Jefferson as president!), to not deliver the remaining letters. One judge, William
Marbury, decided to sue Madison for the delivery of his appointment letter. The case made it all the way to the
Supreme Court. The problem was this: if the court decided that Madison must deliver the letter, the court had no
power to enforce their decision as this was the job of the president…the man who started the whole thing by
ordering that the letter not be delivered. The Supreme Court decided that while Marbury had a right to his
appointment, the law that would enable him to finally receive it was unconstitutional. This decision set a precedent
(tradition) which strengthened the Judicial Branch by giving it the power to declare laws passed by Congress to be
outside of the power given to the Legislative Branch in the Constitution. This ability of the Supreme Court is called
“Judicial Review”.
 What precedent was established by the Supreme Court ruling in Marbury v. Madison?
McCulloch v. Maryland
The state of Maryland tried to tax branch of the national bank that was established there. The bank refused to pay
the tax. The Supreme Court ruled that the bank was a part of the federal government. Since the federal government
is supreme over the states, the state could not tax the federal government.
 Why was the ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland significant?
Gibbons v. Ogden
The state of New York allowed steamboat operators to hold the rights to shipping on the rivers of the state.
Ogden was given the rights to a river bordered on one side by New York and the other side by New Jersey.
Gibbons, from New Jersey, did not like the expensive fees he was being charged by Ogden. The Supreme Court
decided that New York did not have the authority to allow Ogden to control the river that was bordered by two
states. They stated that the federal government is supreme, the highest power, and only the federal government
has the power to set rules for business conducted between two states (interstate commerce).
 Why was the ruling in Gibbons v Ogden significant?
 The last line of the Declaration of Independence reads “we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our
Fortunes and our sacred Honor”. Give 2-3 examples of how George Washington is a model of civic virtue.
1.
2.
3.
 What are four leadership qualities you want those in authority to display?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Provide a definition, in your own words, of the vocabulary words below. Include a small illustration for at least 6 of
these words on the next page.

Republic

Impressment

Political Party

Foreign Policy

Isolationism
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Neutrality
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Domestic

Embargo

Alliance

Sedition

Doctrine

Precedent

Judicial Review
Academic Vocabulary
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