List of Mammals in Ethiopia Subclass: Theria Infraclass: Eutheria Order: Macroscelidea (elephant-shrews) Often called sengisi, the elephant shrews or jumping shrews are native to southern Africa. Their common English name derives from their elongated flexible snout and their resemblance to the true shrews. Family: Macroscelididae (elephant-shrews) Genus: Elephantulus Rufous Sengi Elephantulus rufescens LC Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks) The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the Aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced. Family: Orycteropodidae Genus: Orycteropus Aardvark Orycteropus afer LC Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes) The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stmpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East. Family: Procaviidae (hylaxes) Genus: Heterohyrax Yellow-spotted Rock Hyrax Heterohyrax brucei LC Genus: Procavia Cape Hyrax Procavia capensis LC Order: Proboscidea (elephants) The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals. Family: Elephantidae (elephants) Genus: Loxodonta African Bush Elephant Loxodonta africana VU Order: Primates The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided informally into three main groupings: prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World. Suborder: Strepsirrhini Infraorder: Lorisiformes Family: Galagidae Genus: Galago Somali Galago Galago gallarum LR/nt Senegal Bushbaby Galago senegalensis LR/lc Suborder: Haplorrhini Infraorder: Simiiformes Parvorder: Catarrhini Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys) Genus: Erythrocebus Patas Monkey Erythrocebus patas LR/lc Genus: Cercopithecus Chlorocebus Cercopithecus aethiops LR/lc Blue Monkey Cercopithecus mitis LR/lc De Brazza's Monkey Cercopithecus neglectus LR/lc Genus: Papio Olive Baboon Papio anubis LR/lc Yellow Baboon Papio cynocephalus LR/lc Hamadryas Baboon Papio hamadryas LR/nt Genus: Theropithecus Gelada Theropithecus gelada LR/nt Subfamily: Colobinae Genus: Colobus Mantled Guereza Colobus guereza LR/lc Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb). Suborder: Hystricognathi Family: Bathyergidae Genus: Heterocephalus Naked Mole Rat Heterocephalus glaber LC Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) Genus: Hystrix Crested Porcupine Hystrix cristata LC Family: Thryonomyidae (cane rats) Genus: Thryonomys Lesser Cane Rat Thryonomys gregorianus LC Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Xerinae Tribe: Xerini Genus: Xerus Striped Ground Squirrel Xerus erythropus LC Unstriped Ground Squirrel Xerus rutilus LC Tribe: Protoxerini Genus: Heliosciurus Gambian Sun Squirrel Heliosciurus gambianus LC Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Graphiurinae Genus: Graphiurus Small-eared Dormouse Graphiurus microtis LC Family: Spalacidae Subfamily: Tachyoryctinae Genus: Tachyoryctes Big-headed Mole Rat Tachyoryctes macrocephalus VU East African Mole Rat Tachyoryctes splendens LC Family: Nesomyidae Subfamily: Dendromurinae Genus: Dendromus Lovat's Climbing Mouse Dendromus lovati VU Gray Glimbing Mouse Dendromus melanotis LC Chestnut Climbing Mouse Dendromus mystacalis LC Genus: Megadendromus Nikolaus's Mouse Megadendromus nikolausi DD Genus: Steatomys Tiny Fat Mouse Steatomys parvus LC Subfamily: Cricetomyinae Genus: Saccostomus Mearns's Pouched Mouse Saccostomus mearnsi LC Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Lophiomyinae Genus: Lophiomys Maned Rat Lophiomys imhausi LC Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.) Subfamily: Deomyinae Genus: Acomys Cairo Spiny Mouse Acomys cahirinus LC Gray Spiny Mouse Acomys cineraceus LC Louise's Spiny Mouse Acomys louisae LC Mullah Spiny Mouse Acomys mullah LC Wilson's Spiny Mouse Acomys wilsoni LC Genus: Lophuromys Short-tailed Brush-furred Rat Lophuromys brevicaudus NT Ethiopian Forest Brush-furred Rat Lophuromys chrysopus NT Yellow-spotted Brush-furred Rat Lophuromys flavopunctatus LC Black-clawed Brush-furred Rat Lophuromys melanonyx VU Genus: Uranomys Rudd's Mouse Uranomys ruddi LC Subfamily: Otomyinae Genus: Otomys Typical Vlei Rat Otomys typus LC Subfamily: Gerbillinae Genus: Ammodillus Ammodile Ammodillus imbellis DD Genus: Gerbillus Somalia Gerbil Gerbillus dunni DD Gerbillus pulvinatus LC Gerbillus ruberrimus LC Genus: Tatera Kemp's Gerbil Tatera kempi LC Black-tailed Gerbil Tatera nigricauda LC Phillip's Gerbil Tatera phillipsi LC Fringe-tailed Gerbil Tatera robusta LC Savanna Gerbil Tatera valida LC Genus: Taterillus Emin's Tateril Taterillus emini LC Harrington's Tateril Taterillus harringtoni LC Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Aethomys Hinde's Rock Rat Aethomys hindei LC Genus: Arvicanthis Abyssinian Grass Rat Arvicanthis abyssinicus LC Blick's Grass Rat Arvicanthis blicki NT Nairobi Grass Rat Arvicanthis nairobae LC African Grass Rat Arvicanthis niloticus LC Somali Grass Rat Arvicanthis somalicus DD Genus: Dasymys Common Dasymys Dasymys incomtus LC Genus: Desmomys Harrington's Rat Desmomys harringtoni LC Yalden's Desmomys Desmomys yaldeni EN Genus: Grammomys Macmillan's Thicket Rat Grammomys macmillani LC Ethiopian Thicket Rat Grammomys minnae VU Genus: Lemniscomys Buffoon Lemniscomys Lemniscomys macculus LC Typical Striped Grass Mouse Lemniscomys striatus LC Heuglin's Lemniscomys Lemniscomys zebra LC Genus: Mastomys Awash Multimammate Mouse Mastomys awashensis VU Guinea Multimammate Mouse Mastomys erythroleucus LC Natal Multimammate Mouse Mastomys natalensis LC Genus: Muriculus Striped-back Mouse Muriculus imberbis EN Genus: Mus Mahomet Mouse Mus mahomet LC Peter's Mouse Mus setulosus LC Delicate Mouse Mus tenellus LC Genus: Mylomys Ethiopian Mylomys Mylomys rex DD Genus: Myomyscus Brockman's Myomyscus Myomyscus brockmani LC Genus: Nilopegamys Ethiopian Water Mouse Nilopegamys plumbeus CR Genus: Oenomys Rufous-nosed Rats Oenomys hypoxanthus LC Genus: Stenocephalemys White-footed Stenocephalemys Stenocephalemys albipes LC Ethiopian Narrow-headed Rat Stenocephalemys albocaudata NT Gray-tailed Narrow-headed Rat Stenocephalemys griseicauda NT Rupp's Stenocephalemys Stenocephalemys ruppi DD Genus: Thallomys Acacia rat Thallomys paedulcus LC Family: Ctenodactylidae Genus: Pectinator Speke's Pectinator Pectinator spekei DD Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Lepus Cape Hare Lepus capensis LR/lc Ethiopian Hare Lepus fagani DD Abyssinian Hare Lepus habessinicus LR/lc African Savanna Hare Lepus microtis LR/lc Ethiopian Highland Hare Lepus starcki LR/lc Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats. Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Atelerix Four-toed Hedgehog Atelerix albiventris LR/lc Genus: Hemiechinus Desert Hedgehog Hemiechinus aethiopicus LR/lc Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons) The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers. Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Bailey's Shrew Crocidura baileyi NT Bottego's Shrew Crocidura bottegi DD Bale Shrew Crocidura bottegoides EN African Foggy Shrew Crocidura caliginea LC Savanna Shrew Crocidura fulvastra LC Tiny Musk Shrew Crocidura fuscomurina LC Glass's Shrew Crocidura glassi VU Harenna Shrew Crocidura harenna CR Hildegarde's Shrew Crocidura hildegardeae LC Morrland Shrew Crocidura lucina VU Mauritanian Shrew Crocidura lusitania LC Macmillan's Shrew Crocidura macmillani VU Dwarf White-toothed Shrew Crocidura nana DD Tenebrous Shrew Crocidura nigrofusca LC Stony Shrew Crocidura niobe LC Olivier's Shrew Crocidura olivieri LC Small-footed Shrew Crocidura parvipes LC Pasha Shrew Crocidura pasha LC Guramba Shrew Crocidura phaeura VU Flat-headed Shrew Crocidura planiceps DD Desert Musk Shrew Crocidura smithii LC Somali Shrew Crocidura somalica LC Thalia Shrew Crocidura thalia LC Savanna Path Shrew Crocidura viaria LC Voi Shrew Crocidura voi LC Yankari Shrew Crocidura yankariensis LC Zaphir's Shrew Crocidura zaphiri DD Genus: Suncus Etruscan Shrew Suncus etruscus LC Genus: Sylvisorex Climbing Shrew Sylvisorex megalura LC Order: Chiroptera (bats) The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) Subfamily: Pteropodinae Genus: Eidolon Straw-coloured Fruit Bat Eidolon helvum LC Genus: Epomophorus Gambian Epauletted Fruit Bat Epomophorus gambianus LC Ethiopian Epauletted Fruit Bat Epomophorus labiatus LC East African Epauletted Fruit Bat Epomophorus minimus LC Genus: Hypsignathus Hammer-headed bat Hypsignathus monstrosus LC Genus: Lissonycteris Petra Fruit Bat Lissonycteris petraea VU Genus: Micropteropus Peter's Dwarf Epauletted Fruit Bat Micropteropus pusillus LC Genus: Rousettus Egyptian fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus LC Long-haired Rousette Rousettus lanosus LC Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Kerivoulinae Genus: Kerivoula Ethiopian Woolly Bat Kerivoula eriophora DD Lesser Woolly Bat Kerivoula lanosa LC Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Rufous Mouse-eared Bat Myotis bocagii LC Morris's Bat Myotis morrisi VU Scott's Mouse-eared Bat Myotis scotti VU Cape Hairy Bat Myotis tricolor LC Welwitch's Bat Myotis welwitschii LC Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Glauconycteris Butterfly Bat Glauconycteris variegata LC Genus: Laephotis De Winton's Long-eared Bat Laephotis wintoni LC Genus: Mimetillus Moloney's Flat-headed Bat Mimetillus moloneyi LC Genus: Neoromicia Cape Serotine Neoromicia capensis LC Tiny Serotine Neoromicia guineensis LC Banana Pipistrelle Neoromicia nanus LC Somali Serotine Neoromicia somalicus LC White-winged Serotine Neoromicia tenuipinnis LC Neoromicia zuluensis LC Genus: Nycticeinops Schlieffen's Twilight Bat Nycticeinops schlieffeni LC Genus: Pipistrellus Mt. Gargues Pipistrelle Pipistrellus aero VU RÜppel's Pipistrelle Pipistrellus rueppelli LC Rusty Pipistrelle Pipistrellus rusticus LC Genus: Plecotus Ethiopian Big-eared Bat Plecotus balensis VU Genus: Scotoecus Dark-winged Lesser House Bat Scotoecus hirundo DD Genus: Scotophilus African Yellow Bat Scotophilus dinganii LC Greenish Yellow Bat Scotophilus viridis LC Subfamily: Miniopterinae Genus: Miniopterus Greater Long-fingered Bat Miniopterus inflatus LC Natal Long-fingered Bat Miniopterus natalensis NT Schreiber's Long-fingered Bat Miniopterus schreibersii LC Family: Rhinopomatidae Genus: Rhinopoma Lesser Mouse-tailed Bat Rhinopoma hardwickei LC Macinnes's Mouse-tailed Bat Rhinopoma macinnesi VU Greater Mouse-tailed Bat Rhinopoma microphyllum LC Small Mouse-tailed Bat Rhinopoma muscatellum LR/lc Family: Molossidae Genus: Chaerephon Ansorge's Free-tailed Bat Chaerephon ansorgei LC Gland-tailed Free-tailed Bat Chaerephon bemmeleni LC Spotted Free-tailed Bat Chaerephon bivittata LC Chapin's Free-tailed Bat Chaerephon chapini DD Nigerian Free-tailed Bat Chaerephon nigeriae LC Little Free-tailed Bat Chaerephon pumila LC Genus: Free-tailed bat Angolan Free-tailed Bat Mops condylurus LC Midas Free-tailed Bat Mops midas LC Dwarf Free-tailed Bat Mops nanulus LC Genus: Mormopterus Natal Free-Tailed Bat Mormopterus acetabulosus VU Genus: Otomops Large-eared Free-tailed Bat Otomops martiensseni NT Genus: Platymops Peters's Flat-headed Bat Platymops setiger DD Genus: Tadarida Egyptian Free-tailed Bat Tadarida aegyptiaca LC African Giant Free-tailed Bat Tadarida ventralis NT Family: Emballonuridae Genus: Coleura African Sheath-tailed Bat Coleura afra LC Genus: Taphozous Mauritian Tomb Bat Taphozous mauritianus LC Egyptian Tomb Bat Taphozous perforatus LC Family: Nycteridae Genus: Nycteris Nycteris aurita DD Hairy Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris hispida LC Large-Eared Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris macrotis LC Parissi's Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris parisii DD Egyptian Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris thebaica LC Family: Megadermatidae Genus: Cardioderma Heart-nosed Bat Cardioderma cor LC Genus: Lavia Yellow-winged bat Lavia frons LC Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Blasius's Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus blasii NT Geoffroy's Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus clivosus LC Eloquent Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus eloquens DD RÜppell's Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus fumigatus LC Hildebrandt's Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus hildebrandti LC Lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros LC Lander's Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus landeri LC Bushveld Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus simulator LC Subfamily: Hipposiderinae Genus: Asellia Patrizi's Trident Leaf-nosed Bat Asellia patrizii VU Trident Leaf-nosed Bat Asellia tridens LC Genus: Hipposideros Sundevall's Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros caffer LC Hipposideros marungensis NT Ethiopian Large-eared Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros megalotis NT Noack's Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros ruber LC Genus: Triaenops Persian Trident Bat Triaenops persicus LC Order: Pholidota (pangolins) The order Philodota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species. Family: Manidae Genus: Manis Ground Pangolin Manis temminckii LR/nt Order: Cetacea (whales) The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Steno Rough-toothed Dolphin Steno bredanensis DD Genus: Sousa Sousa chinensis DD Order: Carnivora (carnivores) The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Acinonyx Cheetah Acinonyx jubatus VU Genus: Caracal Caracal Caracal caracal LC Genus: Felis Wildcat Felis silvestris LC Genus: Leptailurus Serval Leptailurus serval LC Subfamily: Pantherinae Genus: Panthera Lion Panthera leo VU Leopard Panthera pardus LC Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.) Subfamily: Viverrinae Genus: Civettictis African Civet Civettictis civetta LR/lc Genus: Genetta Abyssinian Genet Genetta abyssinica DD Common Genet Genetta genetta LR/lc Rusty-spotted Genet Genetta maculata LR/lc Family: Herpestidae (mongooses) Genus: Atilax Marsh Mongoose Atilax paludinosus LR/lc Genus: Galerella Slender Mongoose Galerella sanguinea LR/lc Genus: Helogale Ethiopian Dwarf Mongoose Helogale hirtula LR/lc Common Dwarf Mongoose Helogale parvula LR/lc Genus: Herpestes Egyptian Mongoose Herpestes ichneumon LR/lc Genus: Mungos Banded Mongoose Mungos mungo LR/lc Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas) Genus: Crocuta Spotted Hyena Crocuta crocuta LR/cd Genus: Hyaena Striped Hyena Hyaena hyaena LR/nt Genus: Proteles Aardwolf Proteles cristatus LR/lc Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Vulpes Pale Fox Vulpes pallida DD Rueppell's Fox Vulpes rueppelli DD Genus: Canis Side-striped Jackal Canis adustus LC Golden Jackal Canis aureus LC Black-backed Jackal Canis mesomelas LC Ethiopian Wolf Canis simensis EN Genus: Otocyon Bat-eared Fox Otocyon megalotis LC Genus: Lycaon African Wild Dog Lycaon pictus EN Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Ictonyx Striped Polecat Ictonyx striatus LR/lc Genus: Mellivora Ratel Mellivora capensis LR/lc Genus: Lutra Speckled-throated Otter Lutra maculicollis LC Genus: Aonyx African Clawless Otter Aonyx capensis LC Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. Family: Equidae (horses etc.) Genus: Equus African Wild Ass Equus africanus CR Burchell's Zebra Equus burchellii LC Grevy's Zebra Equus grevyi EN Family: Rhinocerotidae Genus: Diceros Black Rhinoceros Diceros bicornis CR Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Family: Suidae (pigs) Subfamily: Phacochoerinae Genus: Phacochoerus Warthog Phacochoerus aethiopicus LR/lc Warthog Phacochoerus africanus LR/lc Subfamily: Suinae Genus: Hylochoerus Giant forest hog Hylochoerus meinertzhageni LR/lc Genus: Potamochoerus Bushpig Potamochoerus larvatus LR/lc Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses) Genus: Hippopotamus Hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius VU Family: Giraffidae (giraffe, okapi) Genus: Giraffa Giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis LR/cd Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats) Subfamily: Alcelaphinae Genus: Alcelaphus Hartebeest Alcelaphus buselaphus LR/cd Genus: Damaliscus Topi Damaliscus lunatus LR/cd Subfamily: Antilopinae Genus: Ammodorcas Dibatag Ammodorcas clarkei VU Genus: Dorcatragus Beira (antelope) Dorcatragus megalotis VU Genus: Gazella Dorcas Gazelle Gazella dorcas VU Grant's Gazelle Gazella granti LR/cd Red-fronted Gazelle Gazella rufifrons VU Soemmerring's Gazelle Gazella soemmerringii VU Speke's Gazelle Gazella spekei VU Thomson's Gazelle Gazella thomsonii LR/cd Genus: Litocranius Gerenuk Litocranius walleri LR/cd Genus: Madoqua Guenther's Dikdik Madoqua guentheri LR/lc Salt's Dik-dik Madoqua saltiana LR/lc Genus: Oreotragus Klipspringer Oreotragus oreotragus LR/cd Genus: Ourebia Oribi Ourebia ourebi LR/cd Subfamily: Bovinae Genus: Syncerus African Buffalo Syncerus caffer LR/cd Genus: Tragelaphus Mountain Nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni EN Bongo (antelope) Tragelaphus eurycerus LR/nt Lesser Kudu Tragelaphus imberbis LR/cd Common Eland Tragelaphus oryx LR/cd Bushbuck Tragelaphus scriptus LR/lc Greater Kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros LR/cd Subfamily: Caprinae Genus: Capra Nubian Ibex Capra nubiana EN Walia Ibex Capra walie CR Subfamily: Cephalophinae Genus: Cephalophus Harvey's Duiker Cephalophus harveyi LR/cd Blue Duiker Cephalophus monticola LR/lc Genus: Sylvicapra Common Duiker Sylvicapra grimmia LR/lc Subfamily: Hippotraginae Genus: Hippotragus Roan Antelope Hippotragus equinus LR/cd Genus: Oryx Gemsbok Oryx gazella LR/cd Subfamily: Reduncinae Genus: Kobus Waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus LR/cd Kob Kobus kob LR/cd Nile Lechwe Kobus megaceros LR/nt Genus: Redunca Mountain Reedbuck Redunca fulvorufula LC Bohor Reedbuck Redunca redunca LR/cd
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