CSP Challenges and Opportunities
SOLAR SOLUTIONS: The future of concentrating solar power in Australia : transitions and benefits
UTS Sydney
Sarah Miller
ASTRI Chief Operating Officer
24 June 2013
MAN STEPS-100 Solar diesel power station
• April 1982: Meekathara (WA)
2 | ASTRI Overview| Sarah Miller
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Annual Electrical Output (GWh/y)
Annual Performance of SEGS VI in Australia
90
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SEGS VI
Reported 91 GWh/y
Calculated 79 GWh/y
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Maze & Miller (Chemeca 2010)
Annual Performance of SEGS VI in Australia
SEGS VI
Reported 91 GWh/y
Calculated 79 GWh/y
7.6
(6.3-8.1)
Maze & Miller (Chemeca 2010)
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Annual Performance of Andasol-I in Australia
Andasol I
50MWe, 7.5h Storage
Reported 156 GWh/y
Calculated 147 GWh/y
5.06
5.85
Maze & Miller (Solar2010)
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Kramer Junction Variability vs Barstow
Kramer Junction 2681 kWh/m²/y
Barstow 2791 kWh/m²/y
350
Monthly DNI (kWh/m²)
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Month
Maze & Miller (Chemeca 2010)
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Guadix DNI variations
Source: Solar Millennium (2008)
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Capital cost breakdown
Hinkley et al. (2011)
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Receiver and Engine efficiency
Burton (2012)
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System efficiency
Burton (2012)
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Capital and operating costs
Hinkley et al. (2011)
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Australian Solar Thermal Research Initiative
(ASTRI)
• Budget: $87m
– ARENA $35m
– Partners $46m
– Industry $6m
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Reduce CapEx
LCOE
Improve Efficiency
Increase
Capacity Factor
– Overarching Economic Modelling
– Nodes
– Reduce CapEx
– Increase capacity factor
– Improve efficiency
– Add Product Value
– Education Program
Add Product Value
• ASTRI is committed to demonstrating a pathway for reduction in LCOE of
CSP plants, targeting 20 c/kWh in Year 3 and 12c/kWh by 2020 whilst
providing dispatchable firm supply
• Program 8 years (2013-2020), with critical review in Year 4 (2016)
ASTRI Objectives
The broad objective of ASTRI is to deliver cost reductions and dispatchability
improvements to CSP in Australia and transform Australia into a global leader in CSP
technologies.
The objectives of ASTRI include:
a) to undertake highly innovative and internationally competitive research with a
strategic focus on CSP technologies that will lead to breakthroughs in the cost of
solar energy;
b) to participate in significant collaboration with leading U.S. researchers and
institutions;
c) to build human capacity in solar research and development by supporting
researchers of high international standing as well as the most promising emerging
and mid-career researchers;
d) to strengthen institutional capability by providing high-quality training
environments for the next generation of researchers;
e) to partner and engage industry stakeholders to identify and provide pathways
for commercialisation of technology; and
f) to facilitate the transfer of knowledge through public education of solar energy
technologies and research outcomes and provision of support for policy
development.
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USA Solar Energy Collaboration
• The ASTRI objectives will link into the SunShot objectives through
collaboration with:
– initially
– Sandia National Labs
– NREL
– Arizona State University
– Other
– US labs
– Universities, and
– Industry
Source: US DOE (2012) presented at USASEC workshop 8-Jun-2012, Austin, Texas
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Structure
Advisory
Committee
ASTRI Director
Program Management
Committee
Chief Operating
Officer
Overarching Economic Modelling
Reduce
Capital Expenditure
Lead: ANU
Sublead: Flinders
Increase
Capacity Factor
Lead: CSIRO
Sublead: UniSA
Improve
System Efficiency
Lead: UQ
Sublead: CSIRO
Education
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Add
Product Value
Lead: Adelaide
Sublead: QUT
Overarching Economic Modelling
• Objectives:
– Creating uniformity of costing parameters for Australian researchers so that all
economic appraisals within ASTRI will be on an equivalent basis
– Standardising solar weather data for modelling to provide a common basis for
technical and subsequent economic analysis
– Collaboration to enable Australian scenarios to link to the NREL System Advisor
Model (SAM)
– Make the modelling transparent, to inform Government policy
• Activities:
– Production of initial baseline cost and performance models and standard input
data sets
– Development of the central financial model for distribution to ASTRI
participants
– Sensitivity analysis to highlight targets for improved research effectiveness
– Provision of regular updates extending capability and automating costing for
standard components
– Generation of annual performance data to show progress against LCOE KPIs
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Education Program
• Objective:
– Develop CSP technical courses and enhance research opportunities for
higher degree research (HDR) students in CSP
• Approach:
–
–
–
–
Develop modules for undergraduates, master’s and intensive courses
Use e-learning tools
Invited lectures from world experts
Develop and share practicals to improve experience
• Linkage to:
– Arizona State University
– “US-Australia Institute for Advanced Photovoltaics”
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Initial Project Development
• Reduce CapEx
– Heliostat cost reduction
– Receiver performance
• Increase Capacity Factor
– Storage thermo-economic model
– Reliable low-cost PCM storage
Collector
field
Receiver
Heat transfer
medium
• Improve Efficiency
– Supercritical CO2 system development
• Add Product Value
– Cleanliness and cleaning
– Solar reactor development
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Storage
Heat exchange
Waste
heat
management
Topping
Cycle
Bottoming
Cycle
Research Interactions
Nodes and Project Collaboration
Overarching Economic Model
Node 1: Reduce capital expenditure (CapEX)
Heliostat cost reduction
Receiver performance
Node 2: Increase capacity factor
Storage thermo-economic model
Reliable low-cost PCM storage
Node 3: Improve efficiency
Supercritical CO2 system development
Node 4: Add Product Value
Cleanliness and cleaning
Solar reactor development
Education Program
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CSIRO
1
Lead
2
3
x
x
Lead
4 Lead
5
x
Sub Lead
6 Lead
7
8
9
ANU
x
x
Lead
Lead
Lead
UQ
UoA
UniSA
QUT
Flinders
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Sub Lead
x
x
x
Sub Lead
x
Lead
x
x
Lead
x
x
Lead
Sub Lead
Lead
x
x
x
x
Lead
Lead
x
x
x
x
CSP Challenges
Opportunities
• Reliability and Certainty of
– Solar resource data
– Cost data and models
• Technology
–
–
–
–
–
Reducing Capex
Increasing Capacity factor
Improving efficiency
Reducing O&M
Developing other products
• Other
– Increase deployment
– Value dispatchability
– Continuity of incentive schemes
Source: “Australian Energy Resource Assessment.” 1 March 2010. Geoscience Australia and ABARE
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Thank you
Sarah Miller
t +61 2 4960 6084
e [email protected]
w www.csiro.au/astri
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