Section 8.1
Basic Terms
and
Conversions
Within the
Metric System
Copyright 2013, 2010, 2007, Pearson, Education, Inc.
INB Table of Contents
2.3-2
Date
Topic
September 11, 2013
Section 8.1 Examples
16
September 11, 2013
Section 8.1 Notes
17
September 11, 2013
Section 8.2 Examples
18
September 11, 2013
Section 8.2 Notes
19
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Page #
What You Will Learn

SI System

U.S. Customary System

Basic Units

How to convert form one unit to
another
8.1-3
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SI System and U.S. Customary
System



8.1-4
Most countries of the world use the
Systéme international d’unités or SI
system.
The SI system is referred to as the
metric system in the United States.
Two systems of weights and measures
exist side by side in the United States
today, U.S customary system and the
metric system.
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Advantages to Using the Metric
System

The metric system is the worldwide
accepted standard measurement system.

There is only one basic unit of
measurement for each physical quantity.

The SI system is based on the number 10,
allowing less need for fractions.
8.1-5
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Basic Terms
8.1-6
Metric
Term
Abbrev Common
Use
Comparison to
Customary
meter
m
length
a little more
than a yard
kilogram
kg
mass
about 2.2
pounds
liter
l
volume
a little more
than a quart
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Metric Prefixes
8.1-7
Prefix
kilo
hecto
deka
Symbol
k
h
da
deci
centi
milli
d
c
m
Meaning
1000 × base unit
100 × base unit
10 × base unit
base unit
1/10 of base unit
1/100 of base unit
1/1000 of base unit
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Changing Units within the Metric
System
To change from a smaller unit to a
larger unit move the decimal point in
the original quantity one place to the
left for each larger unit of measure
until you obtain the desired unit of
measure.
8.1-8
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Changing Units within the Metric
System
To change from a larger unit to a
smaller unit, move the decimal point in
the original quantity one place to the
right for each smaller unit of measure
until you obtain the desired unit of
measure.
8.1-9
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Changing Units within the Metric
System
Measure
of length
Symbol
kilometer
hectometer
dekameter
km
hm
dam
100 m
10 m
Number
1000 m
of meters
Measure meter decimeter centimeter millimeter
of length
Symbol
m
dm
cm
mm
Number
1m
0.1 m
0.01 m
0.001 m
of meters
8.1-10
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Example 1: Changing Units
Convert 293.7 m to km.
8.1-11
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Example 1: Changing Units
Convert 14 g to cg.
8.1-12
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Example 1: Changing Units
Convert 0.76 l to ml.
8.1-13
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Example 1: Changing Units
Convert 240 dal to kl.
8.1-14
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Example 2: Two More Conversions
Convert 502 mm to hectometers.
8.1-15
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Example 2: Two More Conversions
Convert 6.34 dam to decimeters.
8.1-16
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Example 4: Comparing Lengths
Arrange in order from smallest to
largest lengths: 3.4 m, 3421 mm, and
104 cm.
8.1-17
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Section 8.2
Length, Area
and Volume
Copyright 2013, 2010, 2007, Pearson, Education, Inc.
What You Will Learn

How to determine which unit of length is
appropriate

How to determine which unit of area is
appropriate

Calculate areas

How to determine which unit of volume is
appropriate

Calculate volumes
8.2-19
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Length
The meter (metre) is used to
measure things that we normally
measure in yards and feet.
 Kilometer is used to measure things
that we normally measure in miles.
 Centimeters and millimeters are
used to measure what we normally
measure in inches.

8.2-20
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Length
Centimeters and millimeters
Inches
8.2-21
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Example 1: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Length
Determine which metric unit of length
you would use to express the
following.
a) The height of the statue
of Babe, Paul Bunion’s
Blue Ox.
Meters
8.2-22
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Example 1: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Length
b) The length of your nose
Millimeters or centimeters
c) The length of a flea
Millimeters
d) The height of the Empire State
Building
Meters
8.2-23
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Example 1: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Length
e) The diameter of a half-dollar
Millimeters or centimeters
f) The distance between Dallas,
Texas, and Chicago, Illinois.
Kilometers
g) The diameter of a round
wastepaper basket
Centimeters
8.2-24
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Example 1: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Length
h) The diameter of a pencil
Millimeters
f) Your waist size
Centimeters
j) Your height
Meters or centimeters
8.2-25
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Area
Areas are always expressed in square
units: square centimeters, square
kilometers, or square meters.
8.2-26
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Area

Square centimeter replaces square
inches.

Square meter replaces square foot or
square yard.

Square kilometer replaces square mile.

One square kilometer is about 4/10
square mile.
8.2-27
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Area

A hectare is a square unit 100 meters
on each side (a square hectometer) and
is symbolized ha.

A hectare is about 2.5 acres.

One square mile of land contains about
260 hectares.
8.2-28
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Example 2: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Area
Determine which metric unit
of area you would use to
measure the area of the
following.
a) Yellow Stone
National Park
Square kilometers
or hectares
8.2-29
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Example 2: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Area
b) The top of a kitchen table
Square meters
c) The floor of a classroom
Square meters
d) A person’s property with an
average-sized lot
Square meters or hectares
8.2-30
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Example 2: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Area
e) A newspaper page
Square centimeters
f) A baseball field
Hectares or square meters
g) An ice-skating rink
Square meters
8.2-31
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Example 2: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Area
h) A dime
Square millimeters or
square Centimeters
f) A lens in eyeglasses
Square Centimeters
j) A dollar bill
Square Centimeters
8.2-32
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Example 4: Table Top
Find the area of a rectangular table top
if its length is 1.5 m and its width is
1.1 m.
8.2-33
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Example 5: A Circular Table
A circular table has a diameter of
about 76 cm. Find the surface area of
the table.
8.2-34
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Volume



8.2-35
When a figure has three dimensions:
length, width and height, the volume can
be found.
The volume of an item can be considered
the space occupied by the item.
Volume of liquids can be expressed in
terms of liters.
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Volume





8.2-36
A liter is a little larger than a quart.
Liters are used in place of pints, quarts,
and gallons.
A liter can be divided into 100 equal
parts, each part is called a milliliter.
Milliliters are used to express the volume
of very small amounts of liquid.
Drug doses are often expressed in ml.
Copyright 2013, 2010, 2007, Pearson, Education, Inc.
Volume

The kiloliter is used to represent the
volume of large amounts of liquid.

Cubic meters are used to express
the volume of large amounts of solid
and gaseous material.
8.2-37
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Volume



8.2-38
The liquid in a liter container will fit
exactly in a cubic decimeter.
1l = 1000 ml and 1 dm3 = 1000 cm3
1l = 1 dm3 and 1 ml = 1 cm3
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Volume
Volume in Cubic Units
8.2-39
Volume in Liters
1 cm3
=
1 ml
1 dm3
=
1l
1 m3
=
1 kl
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Example 6: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Volume
Determine which metric unit of volume
you would use to measure the volume
of the following.
a) The water in Crater
Lake (the deepest
lake in the United
States)
Kiloliters
8.2-40
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Example 6: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Volume
b) A carton of milk
Liters
c) A truckload of topsoil
Cubic meters
d) A liquid drug dosage
Milliliters
8.2-41
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Example 6: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Volume
e) Sand in a paper cup
Cubic centimeters
f) A dime
Cubic millimeters
g) Water in a drinking glass
Millimeters
8.2-42
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Example 6: Choosing an
Appropriate Unit of Volume
h) Water in a swimming pool
Kiloliters or liters or cubic meters
f) The storage area of a sports utility
vehicle with the back seats folded
down or removed
Cubic meters
j) Concrete used to lay the foundation
for a basement
Cubic meters
8.2-43
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Example 7: Swimming Pool
Volume
A swimming pool is 18 m long and 9 m
wide, and it has a uniform depth of 3 m.
Find (a) the volume of the pool in cubic
meters and (b) the volume of water in
the pool in kiloliters.
8.2-44
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Example 7: Swimming Pool
Volume
18 m long, 9 m wide, and depth of 3 m
8.2-45
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Example 10: A Hot-Water Heater
A hot-water heater, in the
shape of a right circular
cylinder, has a radius of
50 cm and a height of
148 cm. What is the
capacity, in liters, of the
hot-water heater?
8.2-46
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Example 10: A Hot-Water Heater
What is the capacity, in liters,
of the hot-water heater?
8.2-47
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