Name Answer Key
Due ________________
STUDY GUIDE FOR AFRICA UNIT TEST
Name the four ethnic groups that make up South Africa.
1. black
3. Asian
2. white
4. coloreds
What was the purpose of apartheid?
 Separate people according to race
 Gave most of the political and economic power to whites
How did apartheid affect Asians & coloreds?
 They were treated as second class citizens
 They did not have the same job opportunities as whites
 Their schools were inferior to those of whites
What were 2 reasons that apartheid ended?
1. People around the world protested
2. Many countries refused to trade with South Africa
3. United Nations called for Nelson Mandela’s release
4. F. W. de Klerk knew that peace could not happen under apartheid
What does the word multiracial mean?
A society that is made up of many ethnic groups
After apartheid ended, how did political power change?
 All South Africans could vote
 Distribution of the political power shifted from white to black
 Nelson Mandela was elected South Africa’s first black president
 All South Africans could hold political office
What is the main goal in education since the end of apartheid?
That students of all ethnic groups would remain in school
How were blacks treated during apartheid in regards to:
 Education – segregated, not taught much about math or science,
poorly built, untrained and underpaid teachers
 Jobs – 82% of unemployment, best jobs and money earned went to
whites
 Politics – couldn’t vote, couldn’t hold political office

Daily Living – moved to homelands, couldn’t go to cities in the evenings,
lack of healthcare, no water and/or electricity, lived in
slums/shacks/townships
How were blacks treated after apartheid in regards to:
 Education – all students taught math and science, sharp increase in
money government spent on schools, increase in number of non-whites
graduating and going to college
 Jobs – government took steps to change the distribution of job
opportunities, Employment Equity Act, 50% of unemployment black,
increase in black owned small businesses
 Politics – everyone could vote, could run for political office
 Daily Living – some lived in nice neighborhoods, government provided
housing to poor, 9 out of 10 doctors still in urban areas but they were
encouraged to work a year in rural areas, pregnant women and children
under 6 eligible for free healthcare
Which age group is most commonly stricken with the AIDS virus?
Working-age adults
What makes the Nile River unique?
It is Africa’s longest river, it runs south to north
Label the following countries and physical features – you will have to draw
in the rivers and mountain ranges & deserts.
Atlas Mountains
Kalahari Desert
Sahara Desert
Madagascar
Somalia
Cape of Good Hope Congo Basin
Niger River
Nile River
Egypt
Sudan
Uganda
South Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Of these, which is the most prominent/significant physical feature in
Africa? Sahara Desert
Atlas Mountains
Nile River
Egypt
Sahara Desert
Sudan
Niger River
Somalia
Congo
Basin
Uganda
Democratic Republic
of Congo
Madagascar
Kalahari Desert
Cape of
Good Hope
South Africa