Chahrou Safar
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Summary
References.............................................................................................................4
Historical Events..................................................................................................5
Magal of Tuubaa.....................................................................................................7
The Ndiguël of the Magal.....................................................................................................7
The Trip to Tuubaa.....................................................................................................................8
How do we celebrate the Magal......................................................................................8
How do we celebrate the Magal......................................................................................9
Alaarbay Karé..................................................................................................... 12
Prayers...........................................................................................................................................12
Optional Prayers.....................................................................................................................16
Recommendations.................................................................................................................16
References
Cheikh Moussa Kâ, Wolofal Magal yi
Cheikh Abo Madyana Chouhaybou Mbàkke, Khouratoul Ayni, Lumières
sur les pratiques religieuses
Khadim Rassoul Gueye, Brochure « La prière du dernier mercredi du
mois de Safar»
THIAM, El Hadji Ibrahima Sakho, Thèse de doctorat : « Les aspects du
Mouridisme au Sénégal »
Sam Bousso Abdour-Rahmane, Grand Magal de Tuubaa, Dimension
religieuse et sociale
Khalid Mohammad Khalid, Des Hommes autour du Prophète, Qu’ALLAH
le bénisse et le salue, traduit par Abdou Harkat
Mor DIOP, Calendrier Musulman : Prieres & Invocations
Cheikh Safi Ar-Rahman Al Moubarak Fawri, Ar-Raheeq Al Makhtoum, Le
Nectar Cacheté
Sam Bousso Abdour-Rahmane, Grand Magal de Tuubaa, dimension
religieuse et sociale
I 4 - Chahrou Safar
Historical Events
– Safar month1, called Diggi Gàmmu in Wolof in Senegal, is the month in
which the Prophet Muhammad (anleyhi Salaatu wa-s-s-Salaam) had
his serious illness that finally prevailed in heaven. « Indeed we belong
to Allah and unto him we shall return ». This happened at midday on
Monday 12 Rabbi al Awwal in the year 11 of Hegira, a Monday. The
Prophet Muhammad (anleyhi Salaatu wa-s-s-Salaam) - was 63 and
four months years old. It all began the 29th of the month of Safar in
the year 11 of Hegira when the Prophet prayed God to forgive the
Baqi dead and left the place. After then he had headaches accompanied with bad fever which we could see the effects over the banner he
carried in his head. His migraine soon became untenable and he was
seized with violent fever. This happened around the end of the month
of Safar in the year 11 of Hegira.
– It is also the beginning of Safar in the year 11 of Hegira that the Prophet
(anleyhi Salaatu wa-s-s-Salaam) went to Uhud for and said a meditative prayer for the resting of the souls of the martyrs, in farewell. Thereafter he went in the Mimbar and said : « I will go before you. I will be
your witness. By Allah I know now my destination. I have been given
the keys giving access to the treasures of the earth (or the keys of the
earth). By Allah! I do not fear your back to associationism after me, but
I fear you compete. ».
– The battle of Siffîn2 took place in the month of Safar in the year 37
of Hegira between the army Seyidina Ali (Radiy’Allaahu anhu) and of
Mu’awiya (Radiy’Allaahu anhu). It was during this battle that Ouéssoul
Qarani was martyred while fighting beside Ali (Radiy’Allaahu anhu).
– The 1st Safar in the year 08, Khalid ibn Walid, Amr ibn al Haas and Husmaan Tal’ha (Radiy’Allaahu anhum), from Mecca to Medina arrive and
declare their submission to God and pledge allegiance to the Messenger of God.
– Ȃ Sheikh Ahmadu Bamba moved to Daaru-s-Salam in the month of
1 second month of the Muslim calendar.
2 Wednesday, the first day of the month of Safar. in the plain of Siffin near Raqqa on the
western bank of the Euphrates.
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Safar in the year 1304 (November 1886)...
– On Saturday 18 Safar3 in the year 1313 of Hegira (August 18, 1895):
Sheikh Ahmadu Bamba left the home he had built in the Jolof for the
acquisition and dissemination of science. His departure coincided with
the departure of the Louga command troops responsible of his arrest.
They met at Jewol the evening of the same day.
– Sëriñ Siré Lo was dead the 10th of the month of Safar in the year 1339
of the Hegira; he was buried in Njaaréem in the presence of Shayhul
Xadiim.
– His son Ibrahim4 was born in Safar 1330 (February 1911).
3 date which is the Magal of Tuubaa.
4 he is Sëriñ Mbàkke Ibrahim, son of Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba. His mother Seyyidatou
Fatimatou comes from a very large family Sharifian branch Awlaad Haj, a line from the famous
tribe Khoureïchites : descent of the Prophet. He was born in 1912 in Darou Alimul Khabir more
commonly known as Ndame. He was a great scholar of the Koran and religious sciences, cheerful
and very welcoming
I 6 - Chahrou Safar
Magal of Tuubaa
The Ndiguël of the Magal
In 1925 to Njaareem, Sheikh Ahmadu Bamba said that HIS LORD Sub’haanahu wa Tahanlaa - gave him immense benefits to the point
that his only and supreme gratitude covers no more, and he appeals to
all those who share his happiness to join him in his thanksgiving. Thus
Sheikh Ahmadu Bamba began to call the entire Muslim community to
render thanks to Allah before such leniency.
Then he recommends celebrating it as we celebrate the Eid-el-Kebir. He
continues, saying « I am not saying that Magal is better than Tabaski,
but it is indeed for you (the Murid). Certainly, the notion of time will dissipate in the grandeur of Paradise, but God the Creator, Whose Omnipotence embraces all by His Knowledge He knows the frequency of this
day; whenever that day comes 18 Safar, God will do for me and for all
those who glorify this day so grandiose that benefits the people of Paradise will realize, though unheard of the heavenly life ». Also, «the one
who has two sheep, can sacrifice one for Tabaski, and keep the other for
my day » ; But whoever has one sheep should keep it for the Magal day”
he continues.
Following these remarks, some disciples began to call it Tabaskiwaat5.
And when the Sheikh was informed of it, he ordered to call it Magal6. In
the Qur’an, Allah the Most High says : « Every people of the community
[Muslim], we offered an opportunity Day to show their gratitude. But
they do not contradict what is ordered. You should call them rather to
your Master because you are on the right track ». (S.22 V.67)”) to mark
the difference with the Tabaski day; but probably not to allow some critics take advance of that wrong interpretation.
Thus on 18 Safar was marked Magal day ; the meaning comes from three
symbols: Thanksgiving Rejoicing, Worshipping.
5 Wolof expression that means do again the Tabaski day.
6 Magal is a Wolof word meaning thanksgiving celebrating magnify
Chahrou Safar - 7 I
The Trip to Tuubaa
In 1946 it was Cheikh Mbàkke Muhammadu Falilu who initiated the celebration of the Grand Magal of Tuubaa as we know it today. He asked
the disciples to travel to Tuubaa to celebrate this day. ...
...Originally, each disciple celebrated the Magal where it was provided
to comply with recommendations of the Sheikh. Over time, the second
caliph, al-Sheikh Muhammad Fadel, had the idea to gather all the Mouride community in Tuubaa. The act is part of the strengthening of the
cohesion of the community. There were thus spiritual objectives, but also
social objectives (meetings-, exchanges, etc.) and economic because rural dwellers could come with their production and flow them easily with
the arrival of city dwellers. A trade flow is thus created between the two
groups. All this was not absent from the spirit of the one who gave the
Magal Day that dimension.
The second caliph felt it was very benefic for the community to gather
everyone in Tuubaa to celebrate the Magal.7
How do we celebrate the Magal
This celebration is in accordance with the precepts of Islam, and especially to the tradition of the Prophet (anleyhi Salaatu wa-s-s-Salaam) ; as
specified in the as stated the Sheikh in these verses Jazbul Qulûb Jazbul
Qulûb li halamil huyûb8, about Mawlidu-n-Nabi9 :
Its celebration is in accordance with the Sunnah (the Sheikh talks
about how to devote oneself to pious actions; they should be
consistent in all respects to the Prophet SAW tradition) which can
lead Paradise; through it, the benefits increase for the sincere who
7 Extract «Grand Magal of Tuubaa, religious and social dimensions,» Sam Bousso Abdour
Rahmane.
8 The attraction of Hearts to THE CONNOISSEUR OF MYSTERIES.
9 celebration of the birth of the Prophet SAW
I 8 - Chahrou Safar
glorify. qui glorifie
«Satisfy your family with benefits; chicken and camel affordable to your
possibilities»10.
Here is one of the recommendations of Xadiimu-r-Rasuul (Servant of the
Prophet SAW) during the Magal Day.
Moreover, Sheikh Saalihu Mbàkke11 has taught how to celebrate the
Magal in these terms: «the Commemoration must be marked by three
acts: the reading of the Holy Quran in unlimited numbers and make
pious donation to the Prophet Muhammad SAW and the Sheikh, do acts
of grace by offering meals, each according to one’s possibilities, and also
do purely spiritual rejoicing.”
In short, everyone has to perform these acts motivated for the Magal
Day: the recital of the Quran and Qacidas, make invocations to Allah Sub’haanahu wa Tahanlaa - and Salaat- anlan-Nabi (Prayers addressed
to the Prophet SAW), make sacrifice (from hen to camel), serving meals,
and make one’s family, relatives or parents happy.
How do we celebrate the Magal
We are not trying to name all the benefits, it is almost impossible. Nevertheless we will not fail to name a few.
First, the Sheikh has informed us that Allah Sub’haanahu wa Tahanlaa
told him that : «What had motivated your exile is an acquired irrelevant;
but also from today until the end of the world, whenever that day returns in time, be reassured, I will gratify you a reward for the equivalent
of your retribution which has been the reason of your exile »12.
Then Shayhul Xadiim had talked about Magal celebration in these words:
« Given two people, if one takes into account that day and the other neglects it; the latter will never cease to see the preeminence of titles the
other has over that person »13.
Moreover, Sheikh Muusaa KA14 in his work entitled Wolofalu Magal yi
10 do not underestimate the hen nor overestimate the camel
11 Fifth Caliph of Muridiyyah
12 Cf. sermon of Cheikh Abdul Ahad Ibn Sheikh Ahmadu Bamba Mbàkke at the approach of the
Grand Magal of Tuubaa early Safar 1399 of Hegira
13 C.f. Appeal of Sëriñ Saalihu Mbàkke for the Magal celebration in 1990
14 poet and cantor of Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba
Chahrou Safar - 9 I
has praised the Magal celebration in these verses :
Neena la YALLA defalòone Kaliima
Fii dëhrihii, defal ko Ibrahima
Ba YALLA Buurba Farataal tabaski
Ak Tamxarit, maynako gaayi Mbakki
Bi xidmati-l-Xadiimi lil Mahduumi
Fil bahri farlu leen ila-l-tahziimi
Biss bilé lambòo na mbirum Tabaski
Ak Tamxarit ak Gammu Amna Barké
Maggal bissup Séex Bamba moo gënn magal
Biss budul moom. Murid na ngeen koy faggul
Bu kenn xeep tankaki fiftine duubal
Wa law bi dirhamine, yaw yobbul
Biss bilé moonuy mey Qadaa al Haaji
Moo di bissub Séex Bamba ak Al Haaji
Maggal la goo xamni nemul ci téeré yi
Ngir méyi Séex Bamba xajul ci fooré yi
Maggug Sëriñ Tuubaa waral Maggal ga
Maggali Njòol Makkaa waral démam ga
He15 said that what GOD has granted Kalima
During his time, and Ibrahima
Until Eid el Kebir orders,
And Tamxarit16, he granted the people of Mbàkke
This update contains the secrets el Adha Eid,
And Tamxarit and Gàmmu Days17
Seex Bamba’s day celebration is better
Than any other celebration. Murid ! Save for him.
Do not underestimate even a foot, a piece dual
Even if it is two dirham, carry it.
15 referring to the Sheikh
16 Wolof term designed the day of Ashura.
17 Wolof term; in French: celebrate the night. In this context, it is the celebration of the birth
of Prophet Muhammad (anleyhi Salaatu wa-s-s-Salaam).
I 10 - Chahrou Safar
That was the day that gives us the satisfaction of our needs
This is the day of Seex Bamba and AL Haaji18
It is a day of remembrance that is not in the holy books
Because the favors granted to Seex Bamba cannot be treated by the learned
scholars.
It is the greatness of Sëriñ Tuubaa which is at the origin of Magal
This is to give thanks to the Great Mecca he went into exile
Finally let us finish with this speech of Abdul Ahad Mbàkke Cheikh given
at the Grand Magal of Tuubaa in 1980 :
‘’ I have no doubt that every prayer that someone will make, will be
granted; everyone walking on earth [Tuubaa] if he comes here on pilgrimage [in this holy place], all their wishes will be accomplished, I am sure
because it is Sëriñ Tuubaa who said it :
‘‘The Creator will gratify me absolutely all the destiny of human beings
of my time. ALLAH gladly honors all requests that I ask him.’’
So every pilgrim who will come, I beg them to perfect their resolution,
to purify their intention in their behaving during the travel because I do
not doubt that for any request that everyone will make while going, they
will return with an agreement if only they purify from the beginning to
the end their resolution - this is a truth that I will not question with two
hypothesis”.19
18 he is probably referring to the second caliph of the Murid, Sëriñ Fallu Mbàkke.
19 Extract of the sermon delivered by Sheikh Abdul Ahad Mbàkke, beginning 1400.H Safar
(1980)
Chahrou Safar - 11 I
Alaarbay Karé
As for the story of the day Wednesday, know that the Messenger of Allah
had this day a high fever causing his swoon, five days before his death
- Sub’haanahu wa Tahanlaa -. That does not make Wednesday one day
«cursed» as in some traditional customs.
Our ulema and religious leaders have taught us that the last Wednesday
of the month of Safar is the most difficult day of the year; GOD sent
down each year 320,000 «balaa», «musiba» hardships on earth and
on the last Wednesday of that month20. GOD sends down from the sky
many trials and pains of all sorts on Earth. HE will recommend us to do a
very important supererogatory prayer and some invocations. Whoever
makes this prayer will be protected by God against all evils.
Prayers
During the last Wednesday of the month of Safar, it is recommended to
do four (4) rakas. Each Raka, recite the Faatiha (1 time) followed by the
surat Al Kawsara (17 times), Surat Ikhlass (5 times) followed by the surat
Falaqi and surat An-Nassi (1 time) each. After the final salvation say (3
times) this invocation :
Bismillaahi-r-Rahmani Ar-Rahimi Allahumma Yâ Shadîdal Huwâ
wa Yâ Shadîdal mihâli Yâ Hazîzu Yâ Man zallat li Hizzatika jâmihu
xalqika ikfinî sharra jamîhi xalqika Yâ Muhsinu Yâ Mujmilu Yâ Munhimu Yâ Mutafadilu Yâ Mukarimu Yâ man la Ilaaha illâ Anta irhamnî
bi Rahmatika Yâ Ar-hama-r-Râhimina. Allahumma bi-s-sitril hasani
wa axîhi wa jaddihî Sal-Allâhu Tahânla anleyhi wa Salam wa abîhi
wa ummihî wa banîhi ikfini sharra hâzâ al yawmi wanâ yanzilu
fîhi Yâ Kâfiyal Muhîmmati wa Yâ Dâfihal baliyyâti fasayakfîkahumul-lâhu wa Huwa Samîhul Halîmu wa hasbuna-l-Lâhu wa Nihmal
Wakîlu Nihmal Mawla wa Nihma-n-nasiiru.
Allahumma inniya ahonzubilLaahi min sharri hâza shahri wa
min kulli shidatin wa balâ’in wa baliyyatin allatî qaddarta fîhi Yâ
Dahriyyu Yâ Dahûru Yâ Dayhâru Yâ Kânu Yâ kaynûnu Yâ Kaynânu
20 Muslim Calendar: Prayers & Invocations, Serigne Mor Teachings Excerpts DIOP.
I 12 - Chahrou Safar
Yâ Abadiyu Yâ Dahriyyu Yâ Mubdiyu Yâ Muhîdu Yâzal harshil Majiidu Anta Tafhalu mâ Turîdu.
Allahumma uhrus nafsi wa ahlî wa mâlî wa awlâdî wa dunyâ allatî
abtalaytanî bi suhbatihâ bi hurmati-l-abrari bi hurmatika Yâ Hazîzu Yâ Xaffâru Yâ Karîmu Yâ Sattâru wa sal-l-Allahu anlâ Saydina
Muhammadin wa anlâ âlihi wa sahbihî wa sallama taslîman.
Chahrou Safar - 13 I
I 14 - Chahrou Safar
Then we have written here the following verses that you will mix with
water and drink it, this preserves the hardships and pains of all kinds.
(Arabic) :
Chahrou Safar - 15 I
Optional Prayers
Recite between Zuhr21 and Asr22
N°
1
Transliterations
Salâmoun qawlane min rabbin-rahîm
Salâmoun alaa Nouhine fil Âlamîna
innâ kazâlika najzil mouhsinîna
Salâmoun alaa Ibrahima kazâlika najzil
mouhsinîna
Salâmoun alaa Moussa wa Harûna
innâ kazâlika najzil mouhsinîna
Salâmoun alaa âli Yâçîna innâ kazâlika
najzil mouhsinîna
Salâmoun aleykoum tibtum fad’hûlûhaa hâlidîna
References
S.36 Yâçîn V. 58
Cycles
33 times
S.37 Aç-Çaffat
V.79-80
3 times
S.37 Aç-Çaffat
V.109-110
3 times
S.37 Aç-Çaffat
V.120-121
3 times
S.37 Aç-Çaffat
V.130-131
3 times
S.39 Az-Zumar
V.73
3 times
S.97 Al-Qadr
V.5
7 times
wa salâmoune alal moursalîna wal hamdou- S.37 Aç-Çaffat
V.181-182
lillâhi-r-Rabbil Hâlamîna
1 time
2
3
4
5
6
7
Salâmoun hyya hatta matlahil fajri
Recommendations
Avoid during that day to travel, to try out a new garment or not to join a
new home or start to do something, and to enter into a marriage or ask
his wife to join family home, to circumcise, and to shave. Neither wash
laundry, nor take a bath.
NB : do not forget to give charity according to your possibilities in the
day. It is better to do so before the end of the morning23.
21 Wolof : Tisbar
22 Wolof : Takussan
23 Wolof : yor-yor
I 16 - Chahrou Safar
Chahrou Safar - 17 I