Name ______________________________________________________
Period _______________
Unit 4 Study Guide
______ 1. Alkali metals
______ 2. Alkaline earth metals
______ 3. Anion
______ 4. Mendeleev
______ 5. Cation
______ 6. Electronegativity
______ 7. Group
______ 8. Halogens
______ 9. Metal
______ 10. Ion
______ 11. Ionization energy
______ 12. Metalloids
______ 13. Noble gas
______ 14. Nonmetals
______ 15. Periods
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N.
A negatively charged ion
A positively charged ion
A vertical column of elements in the periodic table
A positively or negatively charged atom or molecule
Best known for being unreactive due to having a full outer shell
The amount of energy released when electron is gained by an atom
Atoms found in the d block
Malleable, ductile and good conductors of heat and electric current
Group 1 elements
Group 2 elements
Credited with developing the first periodic table.
Have properties that are similar to those of metals and nonmetals
Nonmetals of Group 17
Tend to gain electrons during reactions and are found on the right side of
the periodic table.
O. The tendency of an atom of an atom to attract electrons (especially when
part of a bond)
P. The energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state
Q. The horizontal rows of the periodic table metals
______ 16. Electron Affinity
______ 17. Transition metal
18. Answer the following questions about bromine on the lines to the side
a. How many protons does an atom of bromine (Br) have?
b. What is Br group #?
c. What is the name of its group?
d. Is it a metal, a nonmetal, or a metalloid?
e. Is its atomic radius larger or smaller than chlorine’s (Cl)?
f. Is its atomic radius larger or smaller than arsenic’s (As)?
g. Write the ion it forms in reactions?
h. Is its ionization energy higher or lower than fluorine (F)?
i. Is its electronegativity higher or lower than gallium (Ga)?
19. Answer the following questions about the element Magnesium (Mg).
a. How many protons does an atom of magnesium (Mg) have?
b. What is Mg group #?
c. What is the name of its chemical family?
d. Is it a metal, a nonmetal, or a metalloid?
e. Is its atomic radius larger or smaller than calcium’s (Ca)?
f. Is its atomic radius larger or smaller than aluminum (Al)?
g. What ion is it most likely to form?
h. Is its ionization energy higher or lower than chlorine?
i. Is its electronegativity higher or lower than barium?
18.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
19.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
Responses
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20. What are the elements called that border the stair-step line on the periodic table?
21. Why does the radius of an atom gradually decrease across a period?
22. Why does the radius of an atom increase down a group?
23. When obtaining a full valence shell, atoms in group 2 tend to (gain / lose) _________ electrons.
24. The period number of an atom on the periodic table designates
a. Highest energy shell of valence electrons
b. Total nuclear charge
c. Group
d. Number of valence electrons
25. In what directions does atomic radius generally increase on the periodic table?
26. In what directions does ionization energy generally increase on the periodic table?
27. In what directions does electronegativity generally increase on the periodic table?
28. In what directions does electron affinity generally increase on the periodic table?
29. For all the following pairs of atoms, tell which one of each pair has the largest atomic radius
a. Al
b. S
c. Na
B
O
Al
d. Ca
e. Cl
Ca2+
Cl-
30. Indicate which element of the following pairs is the most electronegative
a. Ca
b. Li
Ga
O
c. Cl
d. Ca
S
Mg
c. C
d. Cl
Ba
As
31. Indicate which element has the highest electron affinity
a. Al
b. F
S
Br
32. As the elements in Group 17 are considered in order of increasing atomic number, how is the chemical reactivity of
each successive element changed?
a. Increases
c. Increases then decreases
b. Decreases
d. Remains the same
33. As the elements in Group 1 are considered in order of increasing atomic number, how is the chemical reactivity of
each successive element changed?
a. Increases
c. Increases then decreases
b. Decreases
d. Remains the same
34. List two elements that have similar reactive properties to fluorine (F)
35. When an atom loses an electron, it becomes (positively or negatively) charged and (loses or gains) an insignificant
amount of mass.
I.
For each of the following, circle the appropriate element.
Li
P
Kr
member of the Alkali Metal Family
O
S
Se
3 energy levels
O
F
Ne
8 valence electrons
Xe
I
Be
Member of the Halogen family
Be
Mg
Ca
largest atomic radius
N
O
F
highest ionization energy
Na
Mg
Al
forms 3+ ions when reacting
Sn
Sb
Te
smallest atomic radius
K
N
B
metal
He
H
Li
member of the Noble Gas Family
Br
Cl
F
Higher electron affinity
Zn
Bi
At
member of the transition metal family
K
Ca
Sc
electron configuration ending in s1
N
O
F
forms 2- ions when bonding
N
P
As
highest ionization energy
C
P
Se
4 valence electrons